Historical Foundations of Canadian Child Welfare and Mandatory Reporting

This chapter explores the historical foundations of Canadian child welfare and mandatory reporting of child maltreatment. The first section addresses the changing conceptions of childhood from the Middle Ages through Canadian confederation to the present time. Legislation, both Canadian and international, which has profoundly impacted children’s lives is reviewed along with prominent figures who have increased our understanding of the attachment needs of children. What follows is an overview of the historical rise of the child welfare system in Canada and the jurisdictional separation of child welfare under provincial and territorial realms. The final section addresses the involvement of Canada’s Indigenous children in the child welfare system and provides a comprehensive overview of historical injustices against Indigenous peoples.