Development Status and Application of Tricalcium Phosphate in Oral Clinical Treatment

Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) substitutes have been used as synthetic bone gap fillers in dental and orthopaedic applications because of their biocompatibility and high mechanical stiffness. Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) can be divided into low temperature phase β - TCP and high temperature phase α -TCP, among which β -TCP is one of the best materials to meet the requirements of bone tissue engineering scaffold. During bone regeneration, β -TCP exhibits absorbable characteristics and is completely replaced by new bone tissue after stimulating bone formation. Pure β -TCP is a fragile white solid whose color may change due to the presence of impurities. β -TCP is one of the most attractive alternatives to bone graft due to its synthetic properties, bone conduction, bone induction, and cell-mediated reabsorption. It has been proposed as a vehicle for topical application of drugs (bone morphogenetic proteins, antibiotics) to defect sites and has been widely used in dental and orthopedic bone regeneration applications. In this paper, the application of β -TCP in oral clinic and the new research progress at home and abroad are reviewed, providing a theoretical basis for the future application of β -TCP in oral routine diagnosis and treatment.