乌克兰和美国农业综合企业在流程管理方面的合作

Olena Yershova, I. Goncharenko
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摘要

国家农业发展的现状和农业结构发展决定了国家农业潜力的大小。迄今为止,乌克兰是向欧盟提供农产品的主要供应国之一。然而,国内农业部门仍然迫切需要进行有效的改革,包括其组织结构改革,其中的关键因素是通过实施合作社模式并进一步将其与贸易以及加工和食品工业企业结合起来,建立透明的采购和分销基础设施。迄今为止,在全球范围内,合作的概念早已转化为一个明确的经济和法律框架,通过建立个人富裕的农业商业实体- -合作社,有效地作为中小型生产者的协会运作。美利坚合众国在其成功创建和运作方面展示了最佳实践。鉴于乌克兰和美国在许多经济和社会领域的大规模国际伙伴关系,包括在促进合作运动方面的援助,重点是需要提供见解,并建议乌克兰合作社进一步发展的基本原理,以及基于支持本文研究议程的美国农业综合企业的成功良好实践和进步来提高过程管理的有效性。研究结果表明,乌克兰农业企业的合作还有很大的改进空间。新成立的合作社的数量显示出缓慢的动态;立法框架缺乏一致性,不足以解决亟待解决的问题。该研究确定了阻碍国内农业合作进一步发展的主要障碍,并讨论了在美国开展业务的合作形式的好处、实施的最佳实践、类型和具体特点。对国内农业合作发展在宏观和微观层面面临的主要挑战进行了观察和评价,并提出了应对这些挑战的行动建议。特别提出了通过过渡到更有效的过程管理来提高农业合作社绩效的途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
COOPERATION OF AGRIBUSINESS COMPANIES OF UKRAINE AND THE USA IN THE CONTEXT OF PROCESS MANAGEMENT
The national agricultural potential is driven by its current state and agricultural structure development. To date, Ukraine is a leader among the major suppliers of agri-food products to the European Union. However, domestic agriculture sector is still facing a critical need for effective reforms, including its organizational structure, where the key element is the creation of transparent procurement and distribution infrastructure through implementation of the cooperatives paradigm and their further integration with trade as well as processing and food industry enterprises. So far globally, the idea of cooperation has long been translated in a clear economic and legal framework which effectively operates as association of small and medium-sized producers through the creation of individual affluent agricultural business entities – the cooperatives. The United States of America demonstrates best practices in their successful creation and functioning. Given the particularly strong large scale international partnership relations between Ukraine and the US in a number of  economic and social areas, including assistance in boosting cooperative movement, an emphasis is put towards the need to provide insights and suggest a rationale for further development of cooperatives in Ukraine along with enhancing the process management effectiveness based on successful good practice and advancements in the US agribusiness that underpinned the research agenda of this article.  The research findings have revealed that the cooperation of the Ukrainian agriculture enterprises leaves much room for improvement. The number of newly created cooperatives demonstrates slow dynamics; the legislative framework lacks consistency and is inadequate to address the burning issues. The study has identified the key barriers that hamper further development of domestic agricultural cooperation along with discussing the benefits, best practices of implementation, types and specific features of the cooperative form of doing business in the USA. Major challenges in the domestic agricultural cooperation development at macro- and microlevels have been observed and evaluated together with suggesting actions to tackle them. In particular, pathways to enhance the performance of agricultural cooperatives through the transition to more effective process management are proposed.
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