Smartphone Positioning Enhancement Using Several GNSS Satellite Selection Techniques

Smartphone positioning using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) only is considered a challenge, especially in urban environments. Utilizing Raw GNSS Measurements (RGNSSM) on the android platform made smartphone navigation and tracking easier. Several researches have been conducted to improve the positioning information by removing the noise of pseudorange measurements, generating an optimized weighting covariance matrix, or integrating GNSS data with other sensors. In this paper, a new algorithm based on generating a modified weighting covariance matrix is proposed moreover, it is applied to several satellite selection techniques to improve android smartphone positioning information. This weighting covariance matrix depends on elevation angle, carrier-to-noise density, and also the measurement residual for each satellite. A real road trajectory was conducted to test the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the 3D position was enhanced by 43.41% compared to the method suggested by the Google algorithm.