心理学与方法论:共同组织的前景

Georgy Shchedrovitsky
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引用次数: 1

摘要

1987年3月,一位著名的思想家和方法学家在其中一所大学所做的讲座的拟议录音,属于他惊人的多产工作的最后阶段,即创造了一个思维活动、形式、它的各种反思性阐述的手段和条件,以及在其知识环境中作为一种创新的社会文化现象的系统-思维-活动方法论的充分形成-在莫斯科方法圈的系统辛勤工作中。此外,正是在这个历史时期,方法论游戏的思想在程序上、组织上和模仿上得到了掌握,在解决最困难的科学、工业和共生情况的各种问题主题领域举行了许多组织游戏。讲师与专业心理学家听众进行集体思想交流的过程是心理学发展的历史视角,它将思想、问题、答案、论点等多对话语义景观的问题领域统一起来。讲师提出放弃伽利略的科学模型和冯特的心理科学模型,特别是因为它们脱离了生活,它们在自己的人工领域中发挥作用,这些领域的法律和规则是理想的抽象。因此,他毫不含糊地否认任何形式的心理主义,他不支持赋予心理学权力的自然科学策略,而是支持一种可理解的、反思性的解释策略,这种策略对根据充分定义的目标和价值观、形式和方法、进行思想活动的方式和手段来解释、构建和描述真正的心理现实感兴趣。这里的基本论点是非常明确的;"离开方法论思想的框架,任何心理学都不可能"这是因为,只有方法论思维才允许任何心理内容的思维活动,以适当的手段、方法、形式,适合于特定的生活情境。此外,在未来几十年里,心理学学科领域的预期丰富性将不是由可用的材料和本体论内容决定的,而是由方法论方法或成熟的哲学方法论决定的,尽管“思维本身不能从心理学上研究”。组织游戏是组织的最佳形式,也是集体思维活动发展的必要条件,特别是在心理学领域,组织游戏同时根据三个“s”原则,在模拟但真实的问题冲突情境中提供参与者的自我活动、自我组织和自我发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Psychology and methodology: prospects of co-organization
The proposed text recording of lectures given by a famous thinker-methodologist in March 1987 at one of the universities belongs to the last period of his amazingly productive work, namely to the creation of a working scheme of thought-activity, forms, means and conditions of its various reflexive elaboration and to the full formation of system-though-activity methodology as an innovative socio-cultural phenomenon in its intellectual environment – in the systematic hard work of the Moscow Methodological Circle. In addition, it is at this historical time that the idea of methodological games is mastered programmatically, organizationally and imitation-technically, and numerous organizational games are held in various problem-thematic areas of solving the most difficult scientific, industrial and covital situations. The s u b j e c t of the collective thought communication of the lecturer with the audience of professional psychologists, which unites the problem areas of the actualized polydialogical semantic landscape of thoughts, questions, answers, arguments, are the historical perspectives of the psychology development. The lecturer offers to abandon the Galilean model of science and Wundt’s model of psychological science, in particular because of their detachment from life and their functioning in their own artificial areas of laws and regularities as ideal abstractions. Therefore, he, unequivocally denying psychologism of any kind, supports not a natural-scientific strategy of empowerment of psychology, but an intelligible, reflexive-interpretive one, which is interested in explaining, constructing and describing true mental reality according to adequately defined goals and values, forms and methods, ways and means of carried out thought-activity. The basic thesis here is formulated very categorically; “outside the framework of methodological thought, no psychology can be.” This is argued by the fact that only methodological thinking allows thought-activity of any psychological content by appropriate means, methods, forms, adequate to a particular life situation. Besides, the projected enrichment of the psychology’s subject field in the coming decades will be determined not by the available material and not by ontological content, but by a methodological approach or a full-fledged philosophical methodologem, though “thinking itself cannot be studied psychologically.” The optimal form of organization and an integral condition for the development of collective thought-activity, in particular in the field of psychology, is organizational game, which at the same time, on the principle of three “s”, provides self-activity, self-organization and self-development of its participants, that operate in a simulated, but real, problem-conflict situation.
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