Oil-Cake Amendments: Useful Tools for the Management of Phytonematodes

In the present review, an attempt was made to compile the data available across the world befitting the management practices of phytonematodal disease using oil-cakes. Some of the data of oil-cakes have also been shared herein, which were applied along with other beneficial microbes, such as; bacterium and fungi. Analyzed data propounded that utilization of oil-cakes against economically important nematode problems, such as Meloidogyne spp. are very enthusiastic. Oil-cakes have been used by different workers in different forms such, as crude oil-cake, aqueous extracts, powdered oil-cake etc and both in-vitro as well as in-vivo studies were carried out to see the effect of oil-cakes on phytonematodes. The oil-cakes such as mustard, neem, castor, karanj, groundnut, mahua and sesame gave their best to manage the disease in glass house and in field condition as well. Currently, researchers are looking for ecofriendly and biodegradable alternatives to chemical pesticides for the control of phytonematodes. Present review concluded oil-cakes to be the best option so far against phytoparasitic nematodes not only because of its ease of availability but also economical feasibility for the growers/farmers entrepreneurship. However, mechanisms of action of oil-cakes in relation to PPN is very less understandable and therefore yet to be fully explored.