冯诺依曼定理和贝尔定理中的疏忽是同源的

J. Christian
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引用次数: 8

摘要

我们证明了针对所有隐变量理论的冯·诺伊曼一般定理和针对其局部现实性对应的贝尔定理中各自的疏忽是同源的。这两个定理都不合理地假设了隐变量理论中期望值的可加性,从而得出各自的结论。然而,对于非可交换的观测值,期望值之和和测量结果之和的期望值的等价性,虽然在量子力学中得到尊重,但对于隐变量理论来说不一定成立,不管它们可能尊重的具体特征,如局部实在性。一旦从贝尔的论证中改善了这种疏忽,并且正确地实现了局部实在性,CHSH相关器的界限就会变为+/-2\/2,而不是+/-2,从而减轻了贝尔定理的结论。因此,贝尔检验实验排除的不是局部实在性,而是期望值的可加性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Oversights in the Respective Theorems of von Neumann and Bell are Homologous
We show that the respective oversights in the von Neumann's general theorem against all hidden variable theories and Bell's theorem against their local-realistic counterparts are homologous. Both theorems unjustifiably assume the additivity of expectation values within hidden variable theories to derive their respective conclusions. However, for non-commuting observables, the equivalence of a sum of expectation values and the expectation value of the sum of measurement results, although respected within quantum mechanics, need not hold for hidden variable theories, regardless of specific characteristics such as local realism they may respect. Once this oversight is ameliorated from Bell's argument and local realism is implemented correctly, the bounds on the CHSH correlator work out to be +/-2\/2 instead of +/-2, thereby mitigating the conclusion of Bell's theorem. Consequently, what is ruled out by the Bell-test experiments is not local realism but the additivity of expectation values.
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