北欧右翼民粹主义的特征

Aleksandar Filipović
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在过去二十年中,欧洲右翼政党的崛起受到一系列危机的刺激,其中最新的危机是正在进行的COVID-19全球大流行。芬兰、瑞典、挪威和丹麦并没有发现自己孤立于这些事件的政治和社会经济冲击和余震之外,属于北欧地区的右翼民粹主义政党和运动也获得了力量,有时甚至成为政府的一部分。但是,鉴于该区域特定的社会、政治、经济和历史背景,这些政党具有某些特点,使它们有别于欧洲其他国家的同类政党。这些特征可以被列举为福利沙文主义、右翼平均主义、在社会文化问题上的专制立场,以及民粹主义、反建制的动力。同时,这些政党也表现出高度的务实精神和适应本国当前政治局势的能力。在这项工作中,快速概述了北欧地区四个主要右翼政党(芬兰人党,瑞典民主党,挪威进步党和丹麦人民党)的原则,并讨论了他们动机的差异和相似之处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Characteristics of the Nordic right-wing populism
The last two decades have seen the rise of right-wing parties in Europe, spurred among other things by a series of crises, the latest of which being the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic. Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark did not find themselves isolated from the political and socio-economic shocks and aftershocks of such events, and right-wing populist parties and movements belonging to the Nordic region have also gained strength, sometimes even being a part of governments. However, these parties have certain characteristics that distinguish them from their counterparts in the rest of the Europe, given the specific social, political, economic and historical context of the region. Such traits can be listed as welfare chauvinism, right-wing egalitarianism, authoritarian positions on sociocultural issues, and populist, anti-establishment drive. At the same time, these parties have demonstrated their high pragmatism and ability for adaptation to the current political situation in their countries. In this work a quick overview is presented of the principles of four major right-wing parties in the Nordic region (The Finns Party, Sweden Democrats, Norwegian Progress Party, and Danish People’s Party), and the differences and similarities in their motivations are discussed.
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