Study of Steam Jet Condensation for CD Spray Nozzle Exhausting into Quiescent Water

: Direct contact condensation (DCC) has achieved a well-known significance because of exceptional reasons such as efficient heat and mass transfer characteristics. The current experimental investigation involves considering the steam cavity shape characteristics with varying steam pressure, when the saturated steam is condensed into the one-phase water atmosphere using a converging-diverging (CD) nozzle. The results indicate the four different shapes of steam jet (oscillatory, conical, ellipsoidal and double expansion–contraction). It is observed that the penetration length and the maximum expansion ratio increase with the increase in steam saturated pressure and are found in the range of 1.8–2.8 and 1–1.13, respectively. Furthermore, the current results for jet length are compared with previously developed jet length predicting models which are found to be in good agreement.