在城市海绵的概念中,通过雨水花园带有效地从道路上排水

Roman Hlushchenko, T. Tkachenko, V. Mileikovskyi
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引用次数: 1

摘要

今天,城市地区存在着雨水泛滥的问题,而城市地区的雨水污水排放缓慢,并进一步流向集热器。有几种方法可以确保城市地区对暴雨和倾盆大雨的抵御能力。目前的一种方法是种植绿色植物的“绿色”屋顶(水平或倾斜),这种屋顶能够吸收水分。一定量的水被植物吸收,一定量的水留在基质中,其余的水被植物下面的几层结构过滤,这些结构限制了水的运动,使其成为雨水污水。第二种方法是将雨水收集在特殊的储罐中,这些储罐位于屋顶或建筑物附近或院子中的土壤结构中。积累的水用于满足家庭需要:浇灌草坪、洗涤、冲厕所、擦洗地板、清洁人行道等。第三种方法是利用天然生物陆生海绵设施:透水面、倾斜地形、天然植被、绿色构筑物、雨水花园等进行吸水排水。这些都与现代“海绵城市”的概念相对应。作者提出了一种利用特殊的“绿色结构”——沿着道路的雨水花园带快速排水的方法。在观测到的最强降水情况下,乌克兰大多数区域中心的例子证实了雨水花园带捕获水的能力。在从汽车城市到自行车城市的转变过程中,这种快速排水变得尤为重要。这增加了避免湿滑道路的要求,以增加这些车辆的稳定性。此外,拟议的带有灌木的雨水花园可以通过消除交通事故中汽车弹跳的动能来发挥安全保护功能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Efective drainage of rainwater from roads by rain garden-strips in the concept of the city-sponge
Today there is a problem of flooding of urban areas with rainwater and their slow drainage to rainwater sewage and further to the distribution collectors. There are several ways to ensure the resilience of urban areas to heavy rains and downpours. One of the current methods is "green" roofs (horizontal or sloping) ith green plantings, which is capable to absorb water. A certain amount of water is absorbed by the plants, its certain amount remains in the substratum, and the rest is filtered by several layers of the structure under the plants, which throttles the movement of it to the storm-water sewage. The second method is to collect rainwater in special storage tanks, which are located on the roof or near to the building or in the soil structure in the yard. The accumulated water is used for household needs: watering lawns, washing, flushing toilets, washing floors, cleaning pavements, etc. The third method is to absorb water and drain it by natural biological terrestrial sponge facilities: permeable surfaces, sloping terrain, natural vegetation, green structures, rain gardens, etc. These correspond to the modern concept of "sponge city". The authors propose a method of rapid drainage of rainwater using special "green structures" – rain-garden bands along the roadways. The ability to capture water by rain-garden bands has been confirmed on the example of most of the regional centres of Ukraine in case of the strongest observed precipitation. Such rapid drainage becomes especially important in the transition from cities for cars to cities for bicycles. This increases the requirements to avoid slippery roads for increasing the stability of these vehicles. In addition, the proposed rain gardens with shrubs can perform safe protective functions by extinguishing the kinetic energy of bouncing cars during a road accident.
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