纳尔逊·曼德拉哈佛大学演讲的语用分析

Dharmendra Kumar Mishra
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文研究了纳尔逊·曼德拉在哈佛大学的演讲,以了解他的修辞技巧。在这次演讲中,他谈到了南非人因种族而面临的不平等和不公正。他强调需要重新构思和定义经济制度的规则,这可以使所有人受益,无论种族、性别和民族。本文运用Leech的《礼貌格言》和亚里士多德的《说服理论》对这篇演讲进行了分析,以研究修辞策略和礼貌策略是如何被使用的。分析表明,曼德拉使用了Leech的礼貌格言作为对亚里士多德说服策略的补充,以达到预期的交际目标。他使用不同的理性和精神策略来构建一个有说服力的话语。此外,他还以谦虚与赞许、以自我为代价的幽默作为礼貌的主要策略。礼貌与他的说服力相辅相成,使其更加有效。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Pragmatic Analysis of Nelson Mandela’s Speech at Harvard University
This article studies Nelson Mandela’s speech at Harvard University to understand his rhetorical skills. In this speech, he talks about how South Africans face disparities and injustice due to their race. He emphasizes the need for reconceptualization and redefining the economic system's precepts, which could benefit all regardless of race, gender, and ethnicity. The speech has been analyzed using Leech’s Maxims of Politeness and Aristotle’s Theory of Persuasion to investigate how rhetorical and politeness strategies have been used. The analysis shows that Mandela used Leech’s Maxims of Politeness as complementary to Aristotle’s strategies of persuasion to achieve desired communicative goals. He uses different strategies of logos and ethos to build a persuasive discourse. Besides, he uses modesty and approbation maxim and humour at the cost of self as the main strategies of politeness. Politeness complements his persuasive appeals and makes them more effective. 
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