具身读者与体验性死亡:“布鲁克斯”小说的新兴读者群

S. Sree, Sakthi Prem, Ph. D. Scholar, P. T. S. Kohila
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引用次数: 0

摘要

幸运的是,故事总是有必要的,因此,总会有观众。阅读行为是文明最显著的特征之一。故事,无论以何种形式出现,一直都是社会智力发展的指路明灯。它给所有被认为是人类状况的东西增添了文化。这是一个建设性的过程,在这个过程中,知识的获取和修改速度很快。正如罗森布拉特所指出的,阅读是一个恰当的时间,在这里,输出的或事实的信息和审美的或愉悦的信息从文本传递给读者。因此,阅读可以被看作是一个交易事件,读者和文本变成了一个合并的实体。“就其本质而言,参与识字活动的前提是一个积极的读者,他的解释不是停滞不前的,而是不断受到新信息涌入的影响”(Almasi 315)。在定义阅读社区时,它通常是由一群对阅读有共同兴趣的人组成的。它被认为是一种识字文化。作为一个群体参与阅读活动,无疑为全面理解整个世界和社会铺平了道路。任何社区或读者圈将自己捆绑成一个群体仅仅是因为一个方面,那就是文本。这样的群体不受任何正式规则的约束。当然,这是一个共同偏好的问题。阅读过程所带来的神经参与是一个值得关注的有趣话题。当代对阅读社区的研究美化了这样一种观点,即阅读确实可以作为一种建立同理心的工具。“换句话说,阅读小说以模仿你正在阅读的经历的神经活动的方式照亮了大脑。例如,如果你读到一篇写得很好的关于一个角色徒步穿越荒野的文章,你的大脑就会做出反应,就好像你也在徒步旅行一样。如果你读到一篇关于一个人物喝柠檬水的文章,当你尝到酸的东西时,你大脑中激活的部分就会活跃起来。你甚至会开始流口水”(基德拉)。小说所造成的模拟可以深刻地教育读者。如果一个读书会选择阅读那些让他们看到奴隶制残酷的小说,这个读书会的成员可能会对被奴役的人产生同情,因为他们会被他们的叙述所感动。这肯定会使他们敏感,在现实生活中永远不要犯下这种不人道的行为。他们将受到教育,永远不要沉溺于种族主义。考虑到这一点,读者能接受关于死亡的教育吗?长期以来,文学小说一直是定义存在的真正意义的精髓。死亡不仅是生命的终结,而且是生命的重要组成部分。人们并没有真正思考过如何理解死亡,这就需要一个致力于理解生命中赤裸裸的可怕一面的读书俱乐部的分析了。结合阅读社区是一个雅致的方式向大众传播知识。鉴于阅读小说是一种追求快乐的行为,本文试图证明的假设非常简单。人们会组成一个社区来阅读死亡吗?如果是这样的话,它对改善人类体验有什么好处呢?
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Embodied Reader and Experiential Death: EmergingReadership for ‘Brooksian’Fiction
Fortunately, there will always be a necessity for stories, and therefore, there will always be an audience. The act of reading is one of the most defining features of civilisation. Stories, whatever form they may adorn, have always been the guiding beacon of intellectual growth in society. It adds culture to everything that is deemed as the human condition. It is a constructive process where knowledge is gained and modified at a rapid rate. As Rosenblatt notes, reading is an opportune time where there is a transfer of both efferent or factual and aesthetic or pleasurable information from the text to the reader. Thus, reading can be collectively considered a transactional event where the reader and the text turn into an amalgamated entity. “By its very nature, engagement in the literacy act assumes an active reader whose interpretations are not stagnant but continually shaped by the influx of new information” (Almasi 315). When it comes to defining reading communities, it is more often formed by a group of people that share a selective interest in reading. It is incepted as a culture of literacy. Participating in the act of reading as a community certainly paves the way for a holistic understanding of the world and society at large. Any community or circle of readers binds themselves as a group simply due to a single aspect, and that is the text. Such a group is not forged by any formal rules. Surely it is a matter of shared preferences. The neurological engagement offered by the process of reading is quite an interesting topic to focus on. Contemporary research on reading communities embellishes the idea that reading can truly act as a tool to build empathy. “In other words, reading fiction lights up the brain in ways that mimic the neural activities of the experience you’re reading about. For example, if you read a well-written passage about a character hiking through the wilderness, your brain reacts as if you’re on that hike. If you read a passage about a character drinking lemonade, the part of your brain that activates when you taste something sour lights up. You might even start salivating” (Kidera). The simulation caused by fiction can profoundly educate the reader. If a reading community chooses to deal with fiction that exposes them to the cruelty of slavery, the members of this reading club may probably reach a point of empathising with the enslaved as they will be moved by their narrative. This will certainly sensitise them to never commit such inhumane acts in real life. They will be educated to never indulge in racism. Keeping the same in mind, can readers be educated about death? Literary fiction has long been quintessential in defining what it truly means to exist. Death has to be endowed not only as the end of life but also as a very important part of it. People do not really contemplate much about understanding death, and this begs the analysis of a book club dedicated to comprehending the stark macabre side of life. Bringing together a reading community is a tasteful way to disseminate knowledge to the masses. Given the fact that reading fiction is a pursuit of pleasure, the hypothesis that this paper will try to prove is quite simple. Will people form a community to read about death? And if so, what good can it do for the betterment of the human experience?
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