PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF BIODIVERSITY / ECOSYSTEMS VULNERABILITY BY CLIMATE CHANGE AND SUGGESTION A SYSTEM OF MITIGATION MEASURES FOR THEM, CASE STUDY: HANOI CITY, VIETNAM

In the paper, the authors applied the following items in order to assess the vulnerability of ecosystems / biodiversity of Hanoi city caused by climate change and to suggest a system of mitigation measures for them: The concepts on vulnerability, resilience, exposure, sensitivity, adaptation, mitigation according to guidelines of IPCC (2007). The impacts of climate change on ecosystems/biodiversity according to the results of researches of CBD experts (2009). Analysis the impacts of the factors of climate change on ecosystems/biodiversity according to the principles of ecological sciences. The characteristics of all 13 main ecosystems/biodiversity of Hanoi city are research results of the authors and our colleagues. Preliminary assessment of ecosystems/biodiversity vulnerability by climate change of the 13 above main ecosystems/biodiversity of Hanoi city are: Group of ecosystems/biodiversity with high vulnerability: urban ecosystems, rural ecosystems, agricultural ecosystems, grassland ecosystems, land ecosystems yards outside the dyke. Group of ecosystems/biodiversity with middle vulnerability: nature lake ecosystems, dam ecosystems, wetland ecosystems, stream ecosystems, big river ecosystems. Group of ecosystems/biodiversity with low vulnerability: cave ecosystems, forest ecosystems. A system of 7 mitigation measures must be applied, such as: to increase the sustainability of biodiversity/ecosystems, to reduce current pressure on biodiversity/ecosystems, to enhance community awareness, to actively implement REDD program.