Utilizing distributed energy resources to improve voltage profile and lines congestion, considering uncertainties

In modern power systems which have subjected to severe stress, the voltage becomes important, so, attempts must be made to improve voltage profile as much as possible. To do so, in this paper the optimal size and placement of distributed energy resources like photovoltaic units and demand response programs have been performed to improve voltage profile and congestion management. Therefore two indices namely voltage profile and congestion management have been considered. Photovoltaic units and demand response programs are installed in demand side. These resources inject active power at load buses and reduces from current flowing in lines. So, it increases voltage magnitude at load buses. For congestion management with these resources exist same reason. So, distributed energy resources installation idea is considered in this paper.Furthermore, in order to establish the more realistic condition of a power system, radiation uncertainty of sun and load uncertainty is also considered.