Energy and RSSI based fuzzy inference system for cluster head selection in wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) composes of randomly and uniformly deployed sensors to sense and monitor condition changing e.g. temperature and pass the data to a base station. As sensor node operates on a limited power battery where it is difficult to recharge or replace it, the main challenge in WSNs is energy conservation. Clustering is a technique in which nodes are grouped together into a number of clusters to maximize energy saving and prolong nodes lifespan. In this paper, we design a fuzzy logic controller and propose a clustering algorithm for selecting a cluster head (CH) depend on node's residual energy and RSSI. The proposed algorithm is simulated in Castalia simulator and compared with LEACH protocol. The simulation results show that our proposal performs better than LEACH with regards to nodes lifetime, energy consumption and number of sent packets.