乙酰胆碱和阿托品输注颈动脉时清醒钠充血羊腮腺唾液的流动和组成。

A M Beal
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引用次数: 18

摘要

在静息唾液分泌和颈动脉内注入10-30 nmol乙酰胆碱增加唾液流量时,测定清醒钠充血羊的唾液流量速率、腮腺唾液和动脉血浆中主要电解质的浓度。min-1持续20分钟或通过颈动脉内输注14nmol阿托品降低min-1。在两种处理中,唾液磷酸盐浓度均与唾液流量呈负相关,而唾液碳酸氢盐浓度均与唾液流量呈正相关。注射乙酰胆碱实验时唾液氯离子浓度与唾液流量呈正相关,而注射阿托品实验时唾液氯离子浓度与唾液流量呈负相关。乙酰胆碱的输注使唾液中的钾浓度显著增加,导致唾液中钾的总流失率显著增加。唾液钾浓度在阿托品输注开始时明显下降,然后逐渐上升,到输注结束时钾浓度升高。在两种处理中,钠和氢浓度与唾液流速呈负相关。在输注阿托品的低流量唾液中发生的最大钠浓度大大高于与动脉血浆水相平衡所达到的浓度。由此得出结论,唾液流量与钠浓度呈负相关的原因是,在钠含量高的绵羊中,流出管系统对唾液中钠的重吸收最小,因此循环中的矿化皮质激素水平较低。这项研究与先前报告的不一致可能反映了用于定义动物钠状态的标准的差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Parotid salivary flow and composition during infusion of acetylcholine and atropine into the carotid artery of conscious sodium-replete sheep.

The rate of salivary flow and the concentrations of the major electrolytes in parotid saliva and arterial plasma of conscious sodium-replete sheep were measured during resting salivary secretion and when salivary flow was either increased by intracarotid infusion of acetylcholine at 10-30 nmol. min-1 for 20 min or reduced by intracarotid infusion of atropine at 14 nmol. min-1 for 50 min. During both treatments salivary phosphate concentration was always negatively correlated with salivary flow and salivary bicarbonate concentration was always positively correlated with flow. The chloride concentration of the saliva during the acetylcholine infusion experiments was positively correlated with salivary flow whereas when atropine was infused the chloride concentration was negatively correlated with flow. Acetylcholine infusion caused the potassium concentration of the saliva to increase significantly resulting in a marked increase in the total rate of loss of potassium in the saliva. The salivary potassium concentration fell significantly at the onset of the atropine infusion and then rose progressively so that the potassium concentration was elevated by the end of the infusion. In both treatments the concentrations of sodium and hydrion were negatively correlated with salivary flow rate. The maximum sodium concentration which occurred in the low-flow saliva of the atropine infusion was substantially higher than the concentration that would be achieved by equilibrium with the aqueous phase of arterial plasma. It was concluded that the negative correlation between salivary flow and sodium concentration occurred because the reabsorption of sodium from the saliva by the excurrent duct system was minimal in sodium-replete sheep which would have low levels of mineralocorticoids in the circulation. The inconsistency between this study and previous reports presumably reflects differences in the criteria used to define the sodium status of the animals.

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