基于定量金相方法和合金寿命预测的镍基高温合金铸锻航空喷气发动机部件质量保证

J. Belan, L. Kuchariková, M. Mazur, E. Tillová, P. Hanusová
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引用次数: 0

摘要

镍基高温合金在航空工业中用于制造航空发动机最受力部件、涡轮叶片或涡轮盘。航空喷气发动机部件的质量对喷气发动机本身乃至整个飞机的使用寿命都有着重要的影响。因此,枝晶臂间距、晶粒尺寸、形貌、γ′相的数量和值是叶片或圆盘寿命预测的重要结构特征。定量金相法是评价上述结构特征的常用方法。本文介绍了高温对结构特性的影响及其定量评价方法的应用。采用两组不同的镍基合金作为实验材料:用于小型涡轮叶片生产的铸造合金ZhS6K和IN713LC,以及用于涡轮盘生产的锻造合金EI 698VD和EI 929。选定的合金在开始阶段和在850°C下进行热处理24小时后进行了评估。这种热处理使所有合金组的结构发生变化。铸合金中枝晶组织退化,γ素质平均尺寸增大,对涡轮叶片蠕变断裂寿命有不利影响。变形合金表现为部分晶界熔化,晶粒尺寸因再结晶而改变,导致力学性能下降,主要是极限抗拉强度下降。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Quality Assurance of Cast and Wrought Aero Jet Engine Components Made from Ni-base Superalloys with Using of Quantitative Metallography Methods and Alloys Lifetime Prediction
Abstract The Ni-base superalloys are used in the aircraft industry for the production of aero engine most stressed parts, turbine blades or turbine discs. Quality of aero jet engine components has a significant influence on the overall lifetime of a jet engine as itself as well as the whole airplane. From this reason a dendrite arm spacing, grain size, morphology, number and value of γ′-phase are very important structural characteristics for blade or discs lifetime prediction. The methods of quantitative metallography are very often used for evaluation of structural characteristics mentioned above. The high-temperature effect on structural characteristics and application of quantitative methods evaluation are presented in this paper. The two different groups of Ni-base alloys have been used as experimental material: cast alloys ZhS6K and IN713LC, which are used for small turbine blades production and wrought alloys EI 698VD and EI 929, which are used for turbine disc production. Selected alloys have been evaluated in the starting stage and after applied heat-treatment at 850°C for 24 hrs. This applied heat-treatment causes structural changes in all alloys groups. In cast alloy dendritic structure is degraded and gamma prime average size has grown what has a negative influence on turbine blade creep rupture life. Wrought alloys show partially grain boundary melting and grain size changed due to recrystallization what causes mechanical properties decreasing – ultimate tensile strength mainly.
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