Любов Вікторівна Мурована
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摘要

本文概述了乌克兰公共采购系统运作的总体框架。提供了2018年客户公共购买商品、工程和服务领域的主要趋势的见解。根据乌克兰各地区的数量和质量指标,确定了每项采购程序的具体特点。对乌克兰公共采购市场结构的彻底分析为根据市场趋势和遵守适用法律和条例对公共采购进行分类奠定了基础。因此,在乌克兰根据供应商选择方法进行的所有货物、工程和服务的公共采购可分为两大类:竞争性程序和非竞争性程序。在竞争性采购程序选择供应商阶段,进行电子拍卖是强制性的,而在非竞争性采购程序下,客户根据当前经济、社会和法律的公共采购市场环境的实际情况自行选择供应商。使用竞争性采购程序的前五大地区客户分别是基辅地区(约占公开招标总成本的39.81%)、第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克(7.91%)、利沃夫(6.0%)、哈尔科夫(5.69%)和顿涅茨克地区(5.25%)。在遵循非竞争性采购程序的地区客户中,排名前五的地区包括基辅、哈尔科夫、敖德萨、第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克和顿涅茨克地区。一般来说,公共采购是指以预算支出、社会保障基金、乌克兰中央银行资金、国有和公有制企业融资为代价,购买和销售有形和无形物品的交易,政府参股50%以上的股权资本。为了达到本研究设定的目标和目的,采用了通读法、系统分析和综合方法等一般研究方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ОСНОВНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО РИНКУ ПУБЛІЧНИХ ЗАКУПІВЕЛЬ У 2018 РОЦІ
The paper presents an overview of the general framework for public procurement system functioning in Ukraine. Insights are provided on the key trends in the sector of public purchase of goods, works and services by customers in 2018. Specific features of each of the procurement procedures based on quantitative and qualitative indicators across Ukraine’s regions have been identified. A thorough analysis of the structure of the Ukrainian public procurement market laid the basis for public procurement classification subject to market trends and in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Thus, all public purchase of goods, works and services conducted in Ukraine depending on the supplier selection method can be divided into two large groups: competitive and non-competitive procedures. Within competitive procurement procedures at the stage of a supplier selection, holding an electronic auction is mandatory, whereas under the non-competitive procurement process, customers select the supplier at their own discretion with regard to the current realia of economic, social and legal public procurement market environment. The top five regions-customers who use competitive procurement procedures are represented by Kyiv region (about 39,81% of the cost of total open bidding), Dnipropetrovsk (of 7.91%), Lviv (6,0%), Kharkiv (5,69%) and Donetsk regions (5,25%). Among the leaders of the regions-customers following non-competitive procurement procedures, the top five include Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odesa, Dnipropetrovsk and Donetsk regions. At large, public procurement refers to transactions on purchase and sale of tangible and intangible goods at the expense of budget expenditure, social security funds, funds from the Central Bank of Ukraine, financing by the state-owned and communal ownership enterprises with government share of more than 50% of the equity capital. To attain the goal and objectives set in this study, general research methods such as the read-across approach, methods of system analysis and synthesis were employed.
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