对西班牙儿童和青少年肥胖和超重患病率的社会经济和地理差异的全国性分析:来自ENE-COVID研究的结果。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

Pediatric Obesity Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI:10.1111/ijpo.13085

Enrique Gutiérrez-González, Marta García-Solano, Roberto Pastor-Barriuso, Nerea Fernández de Larrea-Baz, Almudena Rollán-Gordo, Belén Peñalver-Argüeso, Isabel Peña-Rey, Marina Pollán, Beatriz Pérez-Gómez, the ENE-COVID Study Group

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:根据性别和社会人口特征估计西班牙全国和省级儿童和青少年中肥胖和超重的患病率，并探讨其分布不平等的根源及其地理模式。方法:在2020年4 - 6月对全国按省市分层进行具有代表性的ENE-COVID血清流行病学调查(68287人)。参与者回答了一份问卷，收集了自我报告的体重和身高，从而可以粗略地估计10543名年龄在2-17岁的儿童和青少年肥胖和超重的标准化患病率。结果:男孩的粗患病率(WHO生长参考)高于女孩(肥胖:13.4%比7.9%;超重:33.7% vs. 26.0%;重度肥胖:2.9%对1.2%)。这些患病率随年龄而变化，随着家庭中任何超重成年人的存在而增加，而随着成人教育程度和人口普查区平均收入水平的提高而下降。各省份男孩肥胖率为1.8% ~ 30.5%，女孩肥胖率为0% ~ 17.6%;男孩超重15.2%-49.9%，女孩超重10.8%-40.8%。西班牙北部省份的肥胖和超重患病率最低。社会人口统计学特征仅部分解释了观察到的地理差异(33.6%为肥胖;超重44.2%)。结论:儿童和青少年肥胖和超重在西班牙非常普遍，存在相关的性别、社会人口和地理差异。社会人口变量解释的地理差异表明，还有其他潜在的可改变因素，可以在不同的地理水平上集中干预措施来解决这一问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

A nation-wide analysis of socioeconomic and geographical disparities in the prevalence of obesity and excess weight in children and adolescents in Spain: Results from the ENE-COVID study

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A nation-wide analysis of socioeconomic and geographical disparities in the prevalence of obesity and excess weight in children and adolescents in Spain: Results from the ENE-COVID study

Objective

To estimate national and provincial prevalence of obesity and excess weight in the child and adolescent population in Spain by sex and sociodemographic characteristics, and to explore sources of inequalities in their distribution, and their geographical patterns.

Methods

ENE-COVID is a nationwide representative seroepidemiological survey (68 287 participants) stratified by province and municipality size (April–June 2020). Participants answered a questionnaire which collected self-reported weight and height, that allowed estimating crude and model-based standardized prevalences of obesity and excess weight in the 10 543 child and adolescent participants aged 2–17 years.

Results

Crude prevalences (WHO growth reference) were higher in boys than in girls (obesity: 13.4% vs. 7.9%; excess weight: 33.7% vs. 26.0%; severe obesity: 2.9% vs. 1.2%). These prevalences varied with age, increased with the presence of any adult with excess weight in the household, while they decreased with higher adult educational and census tract average income levels.

Obesity by province ranged 1.8%–30.5% in boys and 0%–17.6% in girls; excess weight ranged 15.2%–49.9% in boys and 10.8%–40.8% in girls. The lowest prevalences of obesity and excess weight were found in provinces in the northern half of Spain. Sociodemographic characteristics only partially explained the observed geographical variability (33.6% obesity; 44.2% excess weight).

Conclusions

Childhood and adolescent obesity and excess weight are highly prevalent in Spain, with relevant sex, sociodemographic and geographical differences. The geographic variability explained by sociodemographic variables indicates that there are other potentially modifiable factors on which to focus interventions at different geographic levels to fight this problem.

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来源期刊

Pediatric Obesity PEDIATRICS-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.30%

发文量

117

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Pediatric Obesity is a peer-reviewed, monthly journal devoted to research into obesity during childhood and adolescence. The topic is currently at the centre of intense interest in the scientific community, and is of increasing concern to health policy-makers and the public at large. Pediatric Obesity has established itself as the leading journal for high quality papers in this field, including, but not limited to, the following: Genetic, molecular, biochemical and physiological aspects of obesity – basic, applied and clinical studies relating to mechanisms of the development of obesity throughout the life course and the consequent effects of obesity on health outcomes Metabolic consequences of child and adolescent obesity Epidemiological and population-based studies of child and adolescent overweight and obesity Measurement and diagnostic issues in assessing child and adolescent adiposity, physical activity and nutrition Clinical management of children and adolescents with obesity including studies of treatment and prevention Co-morbidities linked to child and adolescent obesity – mechanisms, assessment, and treatment Life-cycle factors eg familial, intrauterine and developmental aspects of child and adolescent obesity Nutrition security and the "double burden" of obesity and malnutrition Health promotion strategies around the issues of obesity, nutrition and physical activity in children and adolescents Community and public health measures to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.