提前播种和保护性耕作——提高小麦生产力和盈利能力的气候适应型方法。

IF 2.1 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY
Rajender Singh Chhokar, Ramesh Kumar Sharma, Neeraj Kumar, Ram Kumar Singh, Gyanendra Pratap Singh
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引用次数: 2

摘要

为了最大限度地提高小麦的产量和效益,进行了两种播种时间(早期和及时)、两种耕作方式(常规耕作和保护性耕作)和10种基因型的田间试验。在印度北部平原,早播(10月第二周)比及时播种(11月中旬)的粮食产量高出16.0%。然而,常规耕作(CT)和保护性耕作(CST)之间的产量没有显著差异。在基因型中,产量较好的是PBW 723、BISA 927和HD 2967。由于与耕作和苗床操作相关的燃料消耗减少,播种时间和基因型的相互作用比CT减少了显著(p - 1)的二氧化碳排放量。在农民田间,早播小麦的产量也比11月播种的小麦高出5.5%。目前的研究结果表明,在CST条件下,高产小麦基因型的早播提高了水稻-小麦种植制度下小麦的生产力和盈利能力,并且对环境的有害影响较小。在气候变化及其对农业的威胁中,采用气候适应型管理措施,如提前播种时间和保护性耕作,可以提高亚热带湿润条件下长生育期小麦品种的生产力,同时减少对环境的有害后果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Advancing Sowing Time and Conservation Tillage - The Climate-Resilient Approach to Enhance the Productivity and Profitability of Wheat.

Advancing Sowing Time and Conservation Tillage - The Climate-Resilient Approach to Enhance the Productivity and Profitability of Wheat.

Advancing Sowing Time and Conservation Tillage - The Climate-Resilient Approach to Enhance the Productivity and Profitability of Wheat.

Advancing Sowing Time and Conservation Tillage - The Climate-Resilient Approach to Enhance the Productivity and Profitability of Wheat.

Field experiments consisting of two sowing time (early and timely), two tillage options (conventional tillage and conservation tillage) and ten genotypes were conducted with the aim to maximize the wheat productivity and profitability. The early sowing (second fortnight of October) produced 16.0% higher grain yield compared to timely sowing (mid-November) in northern Indian Plains. However, no significant yield differences were observed between conventional tillage (CT) and conservation tillage (CST) practices. Among genotypes, the better yielders were PBW 723, BISA 927 and HD 2967. The interaction of sowing time and genotype had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on wheat yield. However, the interaction of genotype and tillage did not produce any significant response on wheat yield. The experiments conducted at farmer's fields also demonstrated similar performance of wheat under CT and CST systems but CST offered the savings of more than Rs. 3500 (US $ 47) along with 125 kg ha- 1 lesser CO2 emissions over CT due to reduction in fuel consumption associated with tillage and seed bed operations. At farmers field also, early sown wheat yielded 5.5% higher over wheat sown in November. The results of present studies show that early sowing of high yielding wheat genotypes under CST practice enhanced the productivity and profitability of wheat under rice-wheat cropping system along with lesser noxious impact on the environment. Amidst climate vagary and its menace on the agriculture, the adoption of climate-resilient management practices such as advancing the sowing time and conservation tillage can improve the productivity of long duration wheat cultivars in sub-tropical humid conditions besides lesser deleterious consequences on the environment.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
4.00%
发文量
46
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: IJPP publishes original research papers and review papers related to physiology, ecology and production of field crops and forages at field, farm and landscape level. Preferred topics are: (1) yield gap in cropping systems: estimation, causes and closing measures, (2) ecological intensification of plant production, (3) improvement of water and nutrients management in plant production systems, (4) environmental impact of plant production, (5) climate change and plant production, and (6) responses of plant communities to extreme weather conditions. Please note that IJPP does not publish papers with a background in genetics and plant breeding, plant molecular biology, plant biotechnology, as well as soil science, meteorology, product process and post-harvest management unless they are strongly related to plant production under field conditions. Papers based on limited data or of local importance, and results from routine experiments will not normally be considered for publication. Field experiments should include at least two years and/or two environments. Papers on plants other than field crops and forages, and papers based on controlled-environment experiments will not be considered.
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