Evaluation of the correlation between interleukin 1β levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid as an adjunctive diagnostic marker with clinical and radiographic parameters for assessing the peri-implant health status.

Background: Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the most important cytokines that seems to have an important role in the inflammatory process in gingival and peri-implant tissues. As peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) provides with a more swift and objective measure of the disease activity, the present study was conducted to evaluate IL-1β level in PICF as a biochemical marker and to investigate its correlation with clinical parameters and radiological parameters.

Materials and methods: After evaluating all the patients following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 patients were selected for the study. After 3-4 months of implants placement, the implants were exposed following standard surgical procedure. PICF sample from implant site was taken 3 days after suture removal with gingival former still in place followed by measurement of clinical and radiological parameters.

Results: There was significant increase in IL-1β levels in both the follow-ups from baseline with variable and minimal change in the clinical parameters and radiological parameters as well, which shows that IL-1β levels change significantly even when there is a minimal gingival inflammation.

Conclusion: Therefore, IL-1β level in PICF can be used as an adjunctive diagnostic marker to clinical and radiographic parameters for assessing the peri-implant health status.