Prognostic value and immunological role of PTPN21 in pan-cancer analysis.

Introduction: At present, cancer remains a persistent public health challenge facing the whole world. Studies have found that PTPN21 is associated with the development of cancer. However, the prognostic potential of PTPN21 in pan-cancer remains unclear. In this work, we aimed to analyze the expression and prognostic value of PTPN21 in pan-cancer and to further study the relationship between PTPN21 and immune infiltration.

Material and methods: TCGA and GEO data were used for expression and survival analysis. Genetic alterations in PTPN21 from TCGA cancer were studied in cBioPortal. TIMER2 was used to evaluate the correlation between PTPN21 expression and immune infiltration. The R packages "ggplot2" and "clusterProfiler" were used for GO and KEGG analysis.

Results: PTPN21 was found to be a valuable diagnostic biomarker in multiple cancers, including bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). In addition, we observed that PTPN21 expression was associated with a variety of tumor mutations. Our results indicated a correlation between PTPN21 expression and immune infiltration. Enrichment analysis showed that PTPN21 was mainly involved in the regulation of neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction.

Conclusions: Our study showed that PTPN21 expression is associated with clinical prognosis, mutation, and immune infiltration of tumors. PTPN21 may be a potential biomarker for many cancers, especially in KIRC.