TIGD1 Is an Independent Prognostic Factor that Promotes the Progression of Colon Cancer.

Background: Trigger transposable element-derived 1 (TIGD1) is a human-specific gene, but no studies have been conducted to determine its mechanism of action. Our aim is to ascertain the function and mode of action of TIGD1 in the development of colon cancer. Materials and Methods: The authors used bioinformatics to analyze the relationship between TIGD1 and the clinical characteristics of colon cancer, as well as its prognosis. A series of cell assays were conducted to assess the function of TIGD1 in the proliferation and migration of colon cancer, and flow cytometry was used to explore its effects on apoptosis and the cell cycle. Results: The authors discovered that the expression of TIGD1 was remarkably elevated in colon cancer. Clinical correlation analysis demonstrated that TIGD1 expression was elevated in the tissues of advanced-stage patients, and it was remarkably elevated in individuals with both lymph node and distant metastasis. Further, the authors found that individuals showing elevated TIGD1 expression levels had a shortened survival time. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that TIGD1 was an independent prognostic factor. Overexpression of the TIGD1 gene remarkedly enhances the proliferation and metastasis of colon cancer cells and suppresses apoptosis. In addition, the overexpression of TIGD1 can enhance the transition of tumor cells from the G1 toward the S phase. Western blot results suggested that TIGD1 may promote the malignant activity of colon cancer cells via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, Bcl-2, N-cadherin, BAX, E-cadherin, CDK6, and CyclinD1. Conclusions: TIGD1 may be an independent prognostic factor in the advancement of colon cancer, and therefore function as a therapeutic target.