Linlin Wan, Sudan Zhu, Zhao Chen, Rong Qiu, Beisha Tang, Hong Jiang
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Multidimensional biomarkers for multiple system atrophy: an update and future directions.
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disease. Biomarkers are urgently required for MSA to improve the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy in clinic and facilitate the development and monitoring of disease-modifying therapies. In recent years, significant research efforts have been made in exploring multidimensional biomarkers for MSA. However, currently few biomarkers are available in clinic. In this review, we systematically summarize the latest advances in multidimensional biomarkers for MSA, including biomarkers in fluids, tissues and gut microbiota as well as imaging biomarkers. Future directions for exploration of novel biomarkers and promotion of implementation in clinic are also discussed.
期刊介绍：
Translational Neurodegeneration, an open-access, peer-reviewed journal, addresses all aspects of neurodegenerative diseases. It serves as a prominent platform for research, therapeutics, and education, fostering discussions and insights across basic, translational, and clinical research domains. Covering Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and other neurodegenerative conditions, it welcomes contributions on epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, drug development, rehabilitation, and drug delivery. Scientists, clinicians, and physician-scientists are encouraged to share their work in this specialized journal tailored to their fields.
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