Christophe Bressac , Ahmed El Sabrout , Fatma Kifouche , Melissa Anne , Claire Capdevielle-Dulac , Florence Mougel , Laure Kaiser
{"title":"热浪和寒潮降低了寄生蜂的精子产量和偏性别比(膜翅目,茧蜂科)","authors":"Christophe Bressac , Ahmed El Sabrout , Fatma Kifouche , Melissa Anne , Claire Capdevielle-Dulac , Florence Mougel , Laure Kaiser","doi":"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2023.104553","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Parasitoid wasps are haplodiploid, meaning that sperm stored by egg laying females are only used to produce daughters. Thus, the sex ratio of the offspring depends on the availability of sperm after mating. In these insects, males are sensitive to temperature at the pupal stage. This stress leads to subfertility due to a drastic reduction in the number of sperm produced and transferred to females. Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions on the parasitoid wasp <em>Cotesia typhae</em> (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), a natural enemy of the invading pest <em>Sesamia nonagrioides</em> (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). At 25–27 °C, sperm production was measured for 7 days, and found to reach a plateau at the third day of adult life. It leads to a final amount around 25,000 sperm per male. A male can successfully inseminate at least 10 females, producing predominantly female offspring. Sperm production decreased significantly after 1 day of pupal exposure to heat at 34 or 36 °C and 7 days of cold at 0, 5 or 10 °C. This highlights that both cold and heat are stressful. After mating with one male treated at 10 or 34 °C, females store fewer sperm than the control, and produce fewer daughters. The sex ratio of the offspring is male biased when males experienced temperature stresses during development, like other parasitoid wasps. In the field, <em>C. typhae</em> populations would be affected by heat and cold, at least at the pupal stage. This lowers overwintering risk in case this biological agent was introduced in Europe. This risk is both economical, as companies seek to establish costly continuous production to sell beneficial insects, and ecological as the introduced population would not settle in the ecosystem. Lastly, the transport and storage of this insect of agronomic interest would need to consider temperature variations to ensure successful application.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16189,"journal":{"name":"Journal of insect physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Hot and cold waves decrease sperm production and bias sex ratio in the parasitoid wasp Cotesia typhae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)\",\"authors\":\"Christophe Bressac , Ahmed El Sabrout , Fatma Kifouche , Melissa Anne , Claire Capdevielle-Dulac , Florence Mougel , Laure Kaiser\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jinsphys.2023.104553\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Parasitoid wasps are haplodiploid, meaning that sperm stored by egg laying females are only used to produce daughters. Thus, the sex ratio of the offspring depends on the availability of sperm after mating. In these insects, males are sensitive to temperature at the pupal stage. This stress leads to subfertility due to a drastic reduction in the number of sperm produced and transferred to females. Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions on the parasitoid wasp <em>Cotesia typhae</em> (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), a natural enemy of the invading pest <em>Sesamia nonagrioides</em> (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). At 25–27 °C, sperm production was measured for 7 days, and found to reach a plateau at the third day of adult life. It leads to a final amount around 25,000 sperm per male. A male can successfully inseminate at least 10 females, producing predominantly female offspring. Sperm production decreased significantly after 1 day of pupal exposure to heat at 34 or 36 °C and 7 days of cold at 0, 5 or 10 °C. This highlights that both cold and heat are stressful. After mating with one male treated at 10 or 34 °C, females store fewer sperm than the control, and produce fewer daughters. The sex ratio of the offspring is male biased when males experienced temperature stresses during development, like other parasitoid wasps. In the field, <em>C. typhae</em> populations would be affected by heat and cold, at least at the pupal stage. This lowers overwintering risk in case this biological agent was introduced in Europe. This risk is both economical, as companies seek to establish costly continuous production to sell beneficial insects, and ecological as the introduced population would not settle in the ecosystem. Lastly, the transport and storage of this insect of agronomic interest would need to consider temperature variations to ensure successful application.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16189,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of insect physiology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-09-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of insect physiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022191023000793\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENTOMOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of insect physiology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022191023000793","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENTOMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Hot and cold waves decrease sperm production and bias sex ratio in the parasitoid wasp Cotesia typhae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)
Parasitoid wasps are haplodiploid, meaning that sperm stored by egg laying females are only used to produce daughters. Thus, the sex ratio of the offspring depends on the availability of sperm after mating. In these insects, males are sensitive to temperature at the pupal stage. This stress leads to subfertility due to a drastic reduction in the number of sperm produced and transferred to females. Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions on the parasitoid wasp Cotesia typhae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), a natural enemy of the invading pest Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). At 25–27 °C, sperm production was measured for 7 days, and found to reach a plateau at the third day of adult life. It leads to a final amount around 25,000 sperm per male. A male can successfully inseminate at least 10 females, producing predominantly female offspring. Sperm production decreased significantly after 1 day of pupal exposure to heat at 34 or 36 °C and 7 days of cold at 0, 5 or 10 °C. This highlights that both cold and heat are stressful. After mating with one male treated at 10 or 34 °C, females store fewer sperm than the control, and produce fewer daughters. The sex ratio of the offspring is male biased when males experienced temperature stresses during development, like other parasitoid wasps. In the field, C. typhae populations would be affected by heat and cold, at least at the pupal stage. This lowers overwintering risk in case this biological agent was introduced in Europe. This risk is both economical, as companies seek to establish costly continuous production to sell beneficial insects, and ecological as the introduced population would not settle in the ecosystem. Lastly, the transport and storage of this insect of agronomic interest would need to consider temperature variations to ensure successful application.
期刊介绍:
All aspects of insect physiology are published in this journal which will also accept papers on the physiology of other arthropods, if the referees consider the work to be of general interest. The coverage includes endocrinology (in relation to moulting, reproduction and metabolism), pheromones, neurobiology (cellular, integrative and developmental), physiological pharmacology, nutrition (food selection, digestion and absorption), homeostasis, excretion, reproduction and behaviour. Papers covering functional genomics and molecular approaches to physiological problems will also be included. Communications on structure and applied entomology can be published if the subject matter has an explicit bearing on the physiology of arthropods. Review articles and novel method papers are also welcomed.