热浪和寒潮降低了寄生蜂的精子产量和偏性别比(膜翅目,茧蜂科)

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY
Christophe Bressac , Ahmed El Sabrout , Fatma Kifouche , Melissa Anne , Claire Capdevielle-Dulac , Florence Mougel , Laure Kaiser
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引用次数: 1

摘要

寄生蜂是单倍体,这意味着产卵雌性储存的精子只用于产子。因此,后代的性别比例取决于交配后精子的可用性。在这些昆虫中,雄性在蛹期对温度敏感。这种压力会导致雌性产生和转移的精子数量急剧减少,从而导致生育能力低下。在受控条件下,对入侵害虫芝麻(鳞翅目,夜蛾科)的天敌——寄生蜂——斑蝥(膜翅目,茧蜂科)进行了实验。在25–27°C下,对精子产量进行了7天的测量,发现在成年后的第三天达到平稳期。最终,每个男性的精子数量约为25000个。一只雄性可以成功地让至少10只雌性受精,产生的后代主要是雌性。蛹暴露于34或36°C的高温下1天后,以及0、5或10°C的低温下7天后,精子产量显著下降。这突出表明冷热都有压力。在与一只在10或34°C下处理的雄性交配后,雌性比对照储存更少的精子,产下更少的女儿。与其他寄生蜂一样,当雄性在发育过程中经历温度胁迫时,后代的性别比是雄性偏大的。在野外,斑疹伤寒种群会受到高温和低温的影响,至少在蛹期是这样。这降低了这种生物制剂在欧洲引入时的越冬风险。这种风险既经济,因为公司寻求建立成本高昂的连续生产来销售有益昆虫,也生态,因为引入的种群不会在生态系统中定居。最后,这种具有农学意义的昆虫的运输和储存需要考虑温度变化,以确保成功应用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Hot and cold waves decrease sperm production and bias sex ratio in the parasitoid wasp Cotesia typhae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)

Hot and cold waves decrease sperm production and bias sex ratio in the parasitoid wasp Cotesia typhae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)

Parasitoid wasps are haplodiploid, meaning that sperm stored by egg laying females are only used to produce daughters. Thus, the sex ratio of the offspring depends on the availability of sperm after mating. In these insects, males are sensitive to temperature at the pupal stage. This stress leads to subfertility due to a drastic reduction in the number of sperm produced and transferred to females. Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions on the parasitoid wasp Cotesia typhae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), a natural enemy of the invading pest Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). At 25–27 °C, sperm production was measured for 7 days, and found to reach a plateau at the third day of adult life. It leads to a final amount around 25,000 sperm per male. A male can successfully inseminate at least 10 females, producing predominantly female offspring. Sperm production decreased significantly after 1 day of pupal exposure to heat at 34 or 36 °C and 7 days of cold at 0, 5 or 10 °C. This highlights that both cold and heat are stressful. After mating with one male treated at 10 or 34 °C, females store fewer sperm than the control, and produce fewer daughters. The sex ratio of the offspring is male biased when males experienced temperature stresses during development, like other parasitoid wasps. In the field, C. typhae populations would be affected by heat and cold, at least at the pupal stage. This lowers overwintering risk in case this biological agent was introduced in Europe. This risk is both economical, as companies seek to establish costly continuous production to sell beneficial insects, and ecological as the introduced population would not settle in the ecosystem. Lastly, the transport and storage of this insect of agronomic interest would need to consider temperature variations to ensure successful application.

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来源期刊
Journal of insect physiology
Journal of insect physiology 生物-昆虫学
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
4.50%
发文量
77
审稿时长
57 days
期刊介绍: All aspects of insect physiology are published in this journal which will also accept papers on the physiology of other arthropods, if the referees consider the work to be of general interest. The coverage includes endocrinology (in relation to moulting, reproduction and metabolism), pheromones, neurobiology (cellular, integrative and developmental), physiological pharmacology, nutrition (food selection, digestion and absorption), homeostasis, excretion, reproduction and behaviour. Papers covering functional genomics and molecular approaches to physiological problems will also be included. Communications on structure and applied entomology can be published if the subject matter has an explicit bearing on the physiology of arthropods. Review articles and novel method papers are also welcomed.
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