Nutraceuticals最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Acute Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) Ingestion on Aerobic Exercise Performance","authors":"Emily C. Goode, Sarah E. Van Duser, R. Rogers, Tyler D. Williams, C. Ballmann","doi":"10.3390/nutraceuticals2030012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals2030012","url":null,"abstract":"Mistletoe (Viscum album L.; VA) has been traditionally used in folk medicine to combat fatigue and stress. Evidence has shown that chronic consumption of VA results in an enhancement of oxidative metabolism and exercise performance. However, no studies have investigated how acute VA consumption influences performance. The purpose of this brief report was to investigate the effects of acute VA ingestion on rowing exercise performance. Physically active females were recruited for this study. In a crossover, counterbalanced design, participants completed two trials each with a different treatment: (1) VA (2000 mg) and (2) placebo (PL; gluten-free cornstarch; 2000 mg). A total of 30 minutes prior to exercise, participants consumed their treatment. The participants were familiarized with the rowing ergometer and warmed up for 5 min at 50% of age-predicted heart rate max. Immediately following the warm-up, the participants completed a 2000 m rowing time trial. Blood lactate (La) was obtained with a lactate meter via finger prick before and after exercise. Power output, trial time, heart rate, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and La were analyzed. The findings revealed no significant differences for the relative power output (p = 0.936), trial time (p = 0.842) or heart rate (p = 0.762). Rating of perceived exertion was lower with VA ingestion (p = 0.027). La was significantly higher post-exercise regardless of treatment (p < 0.001). However, post-exercise La was lower with VA ingestion (p = 0.032). Findings do not support VA as an ergogenic aid but suggest ingestion may alter metabolism resulting in less La formation and subjective fatigue.","PeriodicalId":93800,"journal":{"name":"Nutraceuticals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44631483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Buckwheat, Fava Bean and Hemp Flours Fortified with Anthocyanins and Other Bioactive Phytochemicals as Sustainable Ingredients for Functional Food Development","authors":"Madalina Neacsu, James S Christie, G. Duncan, N. Vaughan, W. Russell","doi":"10.3390/nutraceuticals2030011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals2030011","url":null,"abstract":"Facing a climate emergency and an increasingly unhealthy population, functional foods should not only address health issues but must be prepared from sustainable ingredients while contributing to our sustainable goals, such as tackling waste and promoting a healthy environment. High-protein crop flours, i.e., buckwheat, hemp and fava bean, are investigated as potential matrices to be fortified with key bioactive phytochemicals from soft fruits to explore potential waste valorization and to deliver sustainable functional food ingredients. Hemp flour provided the best matrix for anthocyanin fortification, adsorbing of 88.45 ± 0.88% anthocyanins and 69.77 mg/kg of additional phytochemicals. Buckwheat and fava bean absorbed 78.64 ± 3.15% and 50.46 ± 2.94% of anthocyanins 118.22 mg/kg and 103.88 mg/kg of additional phytochemicals, respectively. During the fortification, there was no detectable adsorption of the berry sugars to the flours, and the quantities of free sugars from the flours were also removed. One gram of fortified hemp flour provides the same amount of anthocyanins found in 20 g of fresh bilberries but has substantially less sugar. The optimum conditions for high protein flour fortification with anthocyanins was established and showed that it is a viable way to reduce and valorize potential agricultural waste, contributing to a circular and greener nutrition.","PeriodicalId":93800,"journal":{"name":"Nutraceuticals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47442807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mushrooms as a Resource for Mibyou-Care Functional Food; The Role of Basidiomycetes-X (Shirayukidake) and Its Major Components","authors":"S. Matsugo, Toshio Sakamoto, K. Wakame, Yutaka Nakamura, Kenichi Watanabe, T. Konishi","doi":"10.3390/nutraceuticals2030010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals2030010","url":null,"abstract":"Mibyou has been defined in traditional oriental medicine as a certain physiological condition whereby an individual is not ill but not healthy; it is also often referred to as a sub-healthy condition. In a society focused on longevity, “Mibyou-care” becomes of primary importance for healthy lifespan expenditure. Functional foods can play crucial roles in Mibyou-care; thus, the search for novel resources of functional food is an important and attractive research field. Mushrooms are the target of such studies because of their wide variety of biological functions, such as immune modulation and anti-obesity and anticancer activities, in addition to their nutritional importance. Basidiomycetes-X (BDM-X; Shirayukidake in Japanese) is a mushroom which has several attractive beneficial health functions. A metabolome analysis revealed more than 470 components of both nutritional and functional interest in BDM-X. Further isolation and purification studies on its components using radical scavenging activity and UV absorbance identified ergosterol, (10E,12Z)-octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid (CLA), 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (DDMP), formyl pyrrole analogues (FPA), including 4-[2-foemyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrole-1-yl] butanamide (FPAII), adenosine and uridine as major components. Biological activities attributed to these components were related to the observed biological functions of BDM-X, which suggest that this novel mushroom is a useful resource for Mibyou-care functional foods and medicines.","PeriodicalId":93800,"journal":{"name":"Nutraceuticals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44261351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Therapy of Chitosan and Exercise Improves the Lipid Profile, Adipose Tissue and Hepatic Alterations in an In Vivo Model of Induced-Hyperlipidemia","authors":"J. P. G. Passos, C. R. Melo, F. M. Carvalho, P. Severino, J. Cardoso, J.L.S. Cunha, A. Cano, E. Souto, R. D. de Albuquerque-Júnior","doi":"10.3390/nutraceuticals2020009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals2020009","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is a prevalent public health concern in several countries, and is closely associated with several pathological disorders, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and increased dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia is an asymptomatic condition characterized by high levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and low levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), leading to the increased risk of ischemic heart disease. As lipid disorders are strongly associated with lifestyle and diet, in this work we have evaluated the effect of associating chitosan and exercise on the improvement of the lipid profile of high-fat diet-fed rats. Animals were submitted orally to hypercaloric diets based on liquid butter at 1 mL/100 g to induce a hyperlipidemic state for 8 weeks (as shown by body weight and measures of the Lee obesity index). After 8 weeks, the 40 rats were separated into five groups (n = 8) and adapted to different treatment strategies: physical exercise and/or treatment with chitosan (at a concentration of 2%). The hyperlipidemic group exhibited altered levels of glucose and hepatic enzymes, i.e., aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The treatment with chitosan over 8 weeks significantly reduced the bodyweight of the animals, reaching values lower than the control group. Exercise reduced the Lee obesity index values of all the treated groups compared to non-treated rats. The concentration of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL was significantly reduced at the end of the study to healthy thresholds. The hepatic parenchyma of hyperlipidemic animals was recovered to show normal morphology when treated with chitosan; improved histological features (ca. 20–30% of parenchymal cells) could be achieved with physical exercise. In conclusion, oral administration of chitosan associated with physical exercise had a hypolipidemic effect in a model of dyslipidemia in rodents, showing decreased levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, VLDL-c, glucose, and liver enzymes (AST and ALT). Our results are attributed to the synergism between the administration of chitosan and physical exercise that helps to reduce oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":93800,"journal":{"name":"Nutraceuticals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42593990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Evaluation of the Acute Systemic Toxicity of (1S,2E,4R,6R,7E,11E)-Cembratriene-4,6-diol (4R) in Sprague Dawley Rats.","authors":"Nadezhda Sabeva,&nbsp;Oné R Pagán,&nbsp;Yancy Ferrer-Acosta,&nbsp;Vesna A Eterović,&nbsp;Peter A Ferchmin","doi":"10.3390/nutraceuticals2020005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals2020005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tobacco cembranoid (1S,2E,4R,6R,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (4R) interacts with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which results in neuroprotection against organophosphate toxicity, brain ischemia, and Parkinson's disease. The present study is a continuation of our previous research in which we applied a single dose of 4R 1 h before or 24 h after exposure to diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) (analog of the nerve agent sarin). The 4R dose robustly decreased neuroinflammation and neuronal death at both timepoints. Here, we investigated the toxicity of a single dose of 4R in male and female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats after a subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of 6, 24, or 98 mg/kg. Body weight was not affected by 4R during the 7-day observation period. No histopathologic changes in the organs were attributed to 4R. Minor hematological and blood composition variations were detected on Day 3 in the mid- and the high-dose males, but these were resolved by Day 8. At the area of the s.c. injection site, alopecia and dry skin were detected in both the 4R-treated males and females and in the female controls.</p>","PeriodicalId":93800,"journal":{"name":"Nutraceuticals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9291268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40608420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Pterostilbene Supplementation of a High-Fat Diet Increases Adiponectin Expression in the Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue","authors":"Sofia Parrasia, E. Galletta, Martina La Spina, Arianna Magrini, M. Azzolini, M. Salvalaio, L. Biasutto","doi":"10.3390/nutraceuticals2020008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals2020008","url":null,"abstract":"Pterostilbene (Pt) is a natural phenol found in blueberries and grapes; it shows remarkable biomedical activities similar to those of resveratrol, but its higher bioavailability is a major advantage for possible biomedical applications. Our group has recently demonstrated that long-term (30 weeks) administration of Pt to mice maintained on a high-fat diet counters weight gain and promotes browning of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT). By Real-time quantitative PCR and Western Blot analysis of the sWAT and visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) from the same mice used in the previous study, we show here that Pt induced a long-term increase of Adiponectin, Interleukin 10 and of M2 macrophage marker Cd206. The effects were observed in sWAT, while no significant changes were detected in vWAT. The process taking place seems to mimic that occurring in sWAT during cold-induced browning. Analysis of a few pro-inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin 6, Tumor necrosis factor α) and of the NFkB pathway did not reveal marked effects of Pt supplementation. In summary, the mechanisms and processes through which Pt acts in adipose tissue appear to closely mimic those set in motion by cold-induced browning, and point to a possible impact of experimental conditions in the final output of a nutraceutical intervention.","PeriodicalId":93800,"journal":{"name":"Nutraceuticals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48381651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Beneficial Effects of Citrus kawachiensis Peel on Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus and Gut Microbiota Changes in a Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Mouse Model","authors":"S. Okuyama, Maho Kotani, Fuga Ninomiya, A. Sawamoto, Mina Fujitani, Y. Ano, T. Kishida, M. Nakajima, Y. Furukawa","doi":"10.3390/nutraceuticals2020007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals2020007","url":null,"abstract":"We previously reported that the dried peel powder of Citrus kawachiensis, a citrus product of Japan, exerted anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in the brains of transient global cerebral ischemia model mice. It also ameliorated the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein and the suppression of neurogenesis in the brains of the senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 aging model. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) induces anxiety-like behavior, changes the composition of the gut microbiota and suppresses neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Therefore, we herein examined the effects of the dried peel powder of C. kawachiensis in a CUMS mouse model: CUMS enhanced locomotor activity, shown as the distance travelled in the open field test at the beginning of the test, while the C. kawachiensis treatment suppressed this increase. The C. kawachiensis treatment also prevented CUMS-induced decreases in hippocampal neurogenesis. The CUMS treatment changed the composition of the gut microbiota by reducing the abundance of Lactobacillus and increasing that of Bacteroides, whereas the C. kawachiensis treatment attenuated these changes. Collectively, the present results suggest that the dried peel powder of C. kawachiensis exerts neuroprotective effects in the brain and maintains the condition of the microbiome under mild stress.","PeriodicalId":93800,"journal":{"name":"Nutraceuticals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43119035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Development of Novel Nutraceuticals: Current Trends and Methodologies","authors":"T. Tsiaka, E. Kritsi, Konstantinos Tsiantas, Paris Christodoulou, V. J. Sinanoglou, P. Zoumpoulakis","doi":"10.3390/nutraceuticals2020006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals2020006","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few years, nutraceuticals have gained substantial attention due to the health-promoting and disease-preventing functions behind their nutritional value. The global prevalence of nutraceuticals is reflected in the increasing number of commercially available nutraceuticals and their wide range of applications. Therefore, a unique opportunity emerges for their further exploration using innovative, reliable, accurate, low cost, and high hit rate methods to design and develop next generation nutraceuticals. Towards this direction, computational techniques constitute an influential trend for academic and industrial research, providing not only the chemical tools necessary for further mechanism characterization but also the starting point for the development of novel nutraceuticals. In the present review, an overview of nutraceuticals is discussed, underscoring the crucial role of chemoinformatic platforms, chemolibraries, and in silico techniques, as well as their perspectives in the development of novel nutraceuticals. This review also aims to record the latest advances and challenges in the area of nanonutraceuticals, an innovative field that capitalizes on the assets of nanotechnology for the encapsulation of bioactive components in order to improve their release profile and therapeutic efficacy.","PeriodicalId":93800,"journal":{"name":"Nutraceuticals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49300575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in the Extraction of Pittosporum angustifolium Lodd. Used in Traditional Aboriginal Medicine: A Mini Review","authors":"C. C. Beh, W. H. Teoh","doi":"10.3390/nutraceuticals2020004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals2020004","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous native Australian plants are widely used as traditional medicines by the Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Among the native plants, Pittosporum angustifolium Lodd. (Gumby Gumby) is claimed to be a promising medicinal plant in the treatment of a wide range of diseases that includes viral symptoms (colds and coughs), eczema, cancer, muscle aches, varicose veins, and many more. Various extraction techniques are used to extract the bioactive compounds of P. angustifolium, which are formulated into nutraceuticals. The present paper will provide an overview of the recent development in the extraction of bioactive ingredients from P. angustifolium, as well as the findings on the phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of P. angustifolium extracts.","PeriodicalId":93800,"journal":{"name":"Nutraceuticals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45082981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Goji Berry: Health Promoting Properties","authors":"P. Skenderidis, S. Leontopoulos, D. Lampakis","doi":"10.3390/nutraceuticals2010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nutraceuticals2010003","url":null,"abstract":"Since ancient times, it has been noticed that Goji berry fruit juice, roots and leaves consist of ingredients that contain a wide variety of bioactive substances. The consumption of goji berry fruits results in properties which improve the subjective feeling of general well-being. The aim of this work is to present the information from the existing literature on the possible role of goji berry plant parts and their extracts as a functional food. Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides (LBP) and polyphenols are the most researched aspects of fruits associated with the promotion of human health. Goji berry fruits demonstrated anti-oxidative properties that are associated with age-related diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis and antitumor and immunoregulatory activities. Bioactive secondary metabolites contained in fruit lead to positive effects for human vision, while other biochemicals contained in the root bark have shown hepatoprotective and inhibitory actions on the rennin/angiotensin system. The results presented so far in the literature verify their use in traditional medicine.","PeriodicalId":93800,"journal":{"name":"Nutraceuticals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46191624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}