Journal of clinical forensic medicine最新文献

{"title":"Aims & Scope/Editorial Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1353-1131(06)00080-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1353-1131(06)00080-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"Page i"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-1131(06)00080-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136848640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Café coronary syndrome-fatal choking on food: An autopsy approach","authors":"Regula Wick ,&nbsp;John D. Gilbert ,&nbsp;Roger W. Byard","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To examine the characteristic features of fatal food asphyxia and to develop an autopsy approach to such cases a retrospective study of autopsy files was undertaken at Forensic Science SA (Adelaide, Australia) over a 10 year period from 1993 to 2002 for all cases of food asphyxia/café coronary syndrome. Forty-four cases were identified (M;F<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->21:23), with one infant (11 mths) and 43 adults (30–96 yrs; mean 68.9<!--> <!-->yrs), with a preponderance of victims (57%) aged between 71 and 90<!--> <!-->yrs. Deaths occurred in nursing homes (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->22) cases, at home (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->11) and in restaurants (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->4). Twenty-seven of the victims (61%) had histories of neurological or psychiatric disorders such as dementia (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->8), schizophrenia (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6), Alzheimer disease (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->4), atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->4), mental impairment (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2), multiple sclerosis (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1), Parkinson disease (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (<em>N</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1). Twenty-seven cases (61%) were described as either edentulous or having significant numbers of teeth missing. Toxicological evaluation of blood revealed alcohol and a variety of psychotropic prescription medications in 19 cases. Sudden collapse during or shortly after a meal should always raise the possibility of café coronary and the autopsy examination should not only attempt to demonstrate airway occlusion by a bolus of food, but also to identify or exclude underlying neurological disease. Such cases may raise issues concerning adequacy of care and appropriateness of medication. The diagnosis of café coronary syndrome can only be made with confidence after the clinical history and circumstances of death have been clearly established, impacted material has been demonstrated in the airway at autopsy (or recorded by those attempting resuscitation), risk factors have been identified and other possible causes of death have been excluded.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 135-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25753191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile of unnatural deaths in Manipal, Southern India 1994–2004","authors":"T.S. Mohan Kumar,&nbsp;Tanuj Kanchan,&nbsp;K. Yoganarasimha,&nbsp;G. Pradeep Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pattern of unnatural deaths is a reflection of the prevailing social set up and mental health status of the region. In an attempt to understand the magnitude and pattern of unnatural deaths in Manipal, Southern India, a 11-year retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal. The study revealed a rise in road traffic fatalities (37%) that constituted the majority of autopsies carried out followed by death due to poisoning and burns. Male preponderance was quite evident (2.5:1) except for death due to burns where ratio was reversed (1:2.9). People in 3rd decade were most prone to such fatalities. Of the total medicolegal autopsies conducted in this period, the manner of death was unnatural in 98% of the cases and 71% of them were accidental in nature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 117-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25753194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jumping and falling death in children, adolescents, and young adults","authors":"Klára Törő ,&nbsp;Nóra Szlávik ,&nbsp;Árpád Mészáros ,&nbsp;György Dunay ,&nbsp;Margit Soós ,&nbsp;Éva Keller","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Evaluation of fatal jumps and falls from height in children, adolescents and young adults needs careful medico-legal investigation. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of undetermined falling from height, accidental falling, and suicidal jumping cases between 1990–2003.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Copies of death certificates relating to falling from height and jumping deaths in Hungarian youths from the ages of 0–24 years of those resident in Hungary were obtained.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>215 (34.1%) accidental falls, 394 (62.6%) suicidal jumping, and 21 (3.3%) undetermined intent were investigated. A significant increase was detected in suicidal jumping death in the age group of 15–19 years (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.7, CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.49–0.98, <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.039), and in the age group of 20–24 years (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.72, CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.54–0.96, <em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.025) in the most recent 5 year study period.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Data concerning the scene investigation, detailed forensic autopsy, and family history have important role in the differentiation of fatal jumping or falling cases. Further investigation about the characteristics injuries may help the final determination of violent death causes at youth, and more effort should be directed to an effective prevention strategy for jumping or falling death cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 129-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25755487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accidental ligature strangulation due to electric grinder","authors":"Mahabalesh Shetty ,&nbsp;B. Suresh Shetty","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A young girl was accidentally strangled when her chunni (a piece of cloth worn around the neck by most Indian women) was caught in a moving electrical grinder. She was taken to the nearest hospital where she died within the next 9<!--> <!-->h, remaining unconscious throughout the hospital stay. Accidental strangulation of this kind due to household devices or machinery is extremely uncommon and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of its kind to be reported. The findings are presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 148-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25825305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drowning, haemodilution, haemolysis and staining of the intima of the aortic root – preliminary observations","authors":"Roger W. Byard ,&nbsp;Glenda Cains ,&nbsp;Ellie Simpson ,&nbsp;David Eitzen ,&nbsp;Michael Tsokos","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2006.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2006.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to demonstrate that hyponatraemia due to haemodilution occurs within the left ventricle following freshwater drowning, and to determine whether lysed blood resulting from left ventricular haemodilution may cause staining of the aortic intima, the following studies were undertaken. Measurements of left ventricular sodium levels were performed in 74 consecutive coronial cases where death was attributed to drowning, consisting of 44 and 30 deceased who were believed to be victims of freshwater and saltwater drowning, respectively. Left ventricular sodium levels differed significantly between the two groups (<em>p</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), with a range of 93–147<!--> <!-->mmol/L in freshwater drowning (mean<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->117<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->14.2<!--> <!-->mmol/L) and 123–183 in saltwater drowning (mean<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->153<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->14.4<!--> <!-->mmol/L). In addition, the mean sodium level of 117<!--> <!-->mmol/L in freshwater drowning was significantly lower than the standard range of 137–145<!--> <!-->mmol/L. In a second study, portions of aorta and pulmonary trunk from a euthanised pig were soaked in lysed blood resulting in marked haemolytic staining of the intima of both vessels after 20<!--> <!-->min. Water and a mixture of blood and water were then injected into the left ventricles in two further pig carcasses, respectively, resulting in haemolytic staining of the intima of the aortic roots, with no staining of the pulmonary trunks. These studies have confirmed that significant hyponatraemia secondary to haemodilution may occur within the left ventricle in freshwater drowning, and that haemolysed blood is capable of causing staining of the aortic root in an animal model. These results provide further data to support haemolytic staining of the aortic root intima as a possible manifestation of freshwater drowning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 121-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2006.01.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25864175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A profile of acute poisoning at Mangalore (South India)","authors":"Bhoopendra Singh,&nbsp;B. Unnikrishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The aim of this study was to characterize the poisoning cases admitted to the Government Wenlock Hospital (a teaching hospital of Kasturba Medical College) Mangalore, India.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>All cases admitted to the emergency department of the hospital between January 2001 to May 2003 evaluated retrospectively. Data obtained from the hospital medical records and included the following factors: socio-demographic characteristics, agents and route of intake, and time of admission of the acutely poisoned patients.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the total 33,207 patients admitted in the hospital for treatment, 325 patients were for to acute poisoning. This was 1% of all emergency admissions. Of these 70% were males and 30% females. The majority (36%) cases were from age group of 21–30 years. Most (72%) poisonings were intentional and only 27% were unintentional. The most important agents of acute poisoning were agrochemical pesticides (49%) followed by drugs (17%), and alcohols (13%). Forty-eight (15%) patients died. The poisons responsible for most of the mortality were organophosphate pesticides (65%) and aluminium phosphide (15%). In summary, the prevention and treatment of poisoning due to organophosphate and aluminium phosphide should merit high priority in the health care of the indigenous population of South India (Dakshina Kannada district).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 112-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.09.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25899607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orbito-cerebral penetrating knife-wound","authors":"Hossein Sanaei-Zadeh,&nbsp;Kamran Aghakhani,&nbsp;Hossein Saidi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An orbit-cerebral knife wound is described. Reasons for variation in outcome art discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 146-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25778141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forthcoming meetings","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1353-1131(06)00086-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1353-1131(06)00086-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 156-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-1131(06)00086-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136848811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brown Séquard syndrome due to cervical pen assault","authors":"Houshang Moin,&nbsp;Hossein A. Khalili","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brown Séquard syndrome is an uncommon incomplete spinal cord injury with ipsilateral motor and proprioception loss and contralateral pain and temperature loss.</p><p>A 14-year-old student with classic Brown Séquard syndrome after pen assault injury by his classmate in posterior neck area presented here; with medical and supportive care, the patient was discharged with good outcome.</p><p>Brown Séquard syndrome is mostly due to penetrating trauma. Several types of penetrating objects have been reported but this appears to be the first report of a pen or pencil injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 144-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.10.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25753192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}