Cerebral cortex communications最新文献

{"title":"Diffuse Optical Tomography Using fNIRS Signals Measured from the Skull Surface of the Macaque Monkey.","authors":"Ryusuke Hayashi,&nbsp;Okito Yamashita,&nbsp;Toru Yamada,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kawaguchi,&nbsp;Noriyuki Higo","doi":"10.1093/texcom/tgab064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/texcom/tgab064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffuse optical tomography (DOT), as a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technique, can estimate three-dimensional (3D) images of the functional hemodynamic response in brain volume from measured optical signals. In this study, we applied DOT algorithms to the fNIRS data recorded from the surface of macaque monkeys' skulls when the animals performed food retrieval tasks using either the left- or right-hand under head-free conditions. The hemodynamic response images, reconstructed by DOT with a high sampling rate and fine voxel size, demonstrated significant activations at the upper limb regions of the primary motor area in the central sulcus and premotor, and parietal areas contralateral to the hands used in the tasks. The results were also reliable in terms of consistency across different recording dates. Time-series analyses of each brain area revealed preceding activity of premotor area to primary motor area consistent with previous physiological studies. Therefore, the fNIRS-DOT protocol demonstrated in this study provides reliable 3D functional brain images over a period of days under head-free conditions for region-of-interest-based time-series analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72551,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex communications","volume":" ","pages":"tgab064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8767783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39962942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shorter Duration and Lower Quality Sleep Have Widespread Detrimental Effects on Developing Functional Brain Networks in Early Adolescence.","authors":"Skylar J Brooks, Eliot S Katz, Catherine Stamoulis","doi":"10.1093/texcom/tgab062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/texcom/tgab062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep is critical for cognitive health, especially during complex developmental periods such as adolescence. However, its effects on maturating brain networks that support cognitive function are only partially understood. We investigated the impact of shorter duration and reduced quality sleep, common stressors during development, on functional network properties in early adolescence-a period of significant neural maturation, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging from 5566 children (median age = 120.0 months; 52.1% females) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development cohort. Decreased sleep duration, increased sleep latency, frequent waking up at night, and sleep-disordered breathing symptoms were associated with lower topological efficiency, flexibility, and robustness of visual, sensorimotor, attention, fronto-parietal control, default-mode and/or limbic networks, and with aberrant changes in the thalamus, basal ganglia, hippocampus, and cerebellum (<i>P</i> < 0.05). These widespread effects, many of which were body mass index-independent, suggest that unhealthy sleep in early adolescence may impair neural information processing and integration across incompletely developed networks, potentially leading to deficits in their cognitive correlates, including attention, reward, emotion processing and regulation, memory, and executive control. Shorter sleep duration, frequent snoring, difficulty waking up, and daytime sleepiness had additional detrimental network effects in nonwhite participants, indicating racial disparities in the influence of sleep metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":72551,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex communications","volume":" ","pages":"tgab062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8759437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39835828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Music in Noise: Neural Correlates Underlying Noise Tolerance in Music-Induced Emotion.","authors":"Shota Murai,&nbsp;Ae Na Yang,&nbsp;Shizuko Hiryu,&nbsp;Kohta I Kobayasi","doi":"10.1093/texcom/tgab061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/texcom/tgab061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Music can be experienced in various acoustic qualities. In this study, we investigated how the acoustic quality of the music can influence strong emotional experiences, such as musical chills, and the neural activity. The music's acoustic quality was controlled by adding noise to musical pieces. Participants listened to clear and noisy musical pieces and pressed a button when they experienced chills. We estimated neural activity in response to chills under both clear and noisy conditions using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The behavioral data revealed that compared with the clear condition, the noisy condition dramatically decreased the number of chills and duration of chills. The fMRI results showed that under both noisy and clear conditions the supplementary motor area, insula, and superior temporal gyrus were similarly activated when participants experienced chills. The involvement of these brain regions may be crucial for music-induced emotional processes under the noisy as well as the clear condition. In addition, we found a decrease in the activation of the right superior temporal sulcus when experiencing chills under the noisy condition, which suggests that music-induced emotional processing is sensitive to acoustic quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":72551,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex communications","volume":" ","pages":"tgab061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8564766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39598556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theta Dynamics Contribute to Retrieving Motor Plans after Interruptions in the Primate Premotor Area.","authors":"Ryosuke Hosaka,&nbsp;Hidenori Watanabe,&nbsp;Toshi Nakajima,&nbsp;Hajime Mushiake","doi":"10.1093/texcom/tgab059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/texcom/tgab059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To achieve a behavioral goal, we often need to maintain an internal action plan against external interruption and thereafter retrieve the action plan. We recently found that the maintenance and updating of motor plans are reflected by reciprocal changes in the beta and gamma power of the local field potential (LFP) of the primate medial motor areas. In particular, the maintenance of the immediate motor plan is supported by enhanced beta oscillations. However, it is unclear how the brain manages to maintain and retrieve the internal action plan against interruptions. Here, we show that dynamic theta changes contribute to the maintenance of the action plan. Specifically, the power of the theta frequency band (4-10 Hz) of LFPs increased before and during the interruption in the dorsal premotor areas in two monkeys. Without theta enhancement before the interruption, retrieval of the internal action plan was impaired. Theta and beta oscillations showed distinct changes depending on the behavioral context. Our results demonstrate that immediate and suspended motor plans are supported by the beta and theta oscillatory components of LFPs. Motor cortical theta oscillations may contribute to bridging motor plans across behavioral interruptions in a prospective manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":72551,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex communications","volume":" ","pages":"tgab059"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8597970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39645421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Binding the Acoustic Features of an Auditory Source through Temporal Coherence.","authors":"Mohsen Rezaeizadeh, Shihab Shamma","doi":"10.1093/texcom/tgab060","DOIUrl":"10.1093/texcom/tgab060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous studies have suggested that the perception of a target sound stream (or source) can only be segregated from a complex acoustic background mixture if the acoustic features underlying its perceptual attributes (e.g., pitch, location, and timbre) induce temporally modulated responses that are mutually correlated (or coherent), and that are uncorrelated (incoherent) from those of other sources in the mixture. This \"temporal coherence\" hypothesis asserts that attentive listening to one acoustic feature of a target enhances brain responses to that feature but would also concomitantly (1) induce mutually excitatory influences with other coherently responding neurons, thus enhancing (or binding) them all as they respond to the attended source; by contrast, (2) suppressive interactions are hypothesized to build up among neurons driven by temporally incoherent sound features, thus relatively reducing their activity. In this study, we report on EEG measurements in human subjects engaged in various sound segregation tasks that demonstrate rapid binding among the temporally coherent features of the attended source regardless of their identity (pure tone components, tone complexes, or noise), harmonic relationship, or frequency separation, thus confirming the key role temporal coherence plays in the analysis and organization of auditory scenes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72551,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex communications","volume":" ","pages":"tgab060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8567849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39598555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Course of Odor Categorization Processing.","authors":"Jisub Bae,&nbsp;Kwangsu Kim,&nbsp;Sun Ae Moon,&nbsp;Han Kyoung Choe,&nbsp;Youngsun Jin,&nbsp;Won-Seok Kang,&nbsp;Cheil Moon","doi":"10.1093/texcom/tgab058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/texcom/tgab058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The brain's mechanisms for categorizing different odors have long been a research focus. Previous studies suggest that odor categorization may involve multiple neurological processes within the brain with temporal and spatial neuronal activation. However, there is limited evidence regarding temporally mediated mechanisms in humans, especially millisecond odor processing. Such mechanisms may be important because different brain areas may play different roles at a particular activation time during sensory processing. Here, we focused on how the brain categorizes odors at specific time intervals. Using multivariate electroencephalography (EEG) analysis, we found that similarly perceived odors induced similar EEG signals during 50-100, 150-200, and 350-400 ms at the theta frequency. We also found significant activation at 100-150 and 350-400 ms at the gamma frequency. At these two frequencies, significant activation was observed in some olfactory-associated areas, including the orbitofrontal cortex. Our findings provide essential evidence that specific periods may be related to odor quality processing during central olfactory processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":72551,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex communications","volume":" ","pages":"tgab058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8567848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39705415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Activity During Antisaccades to Faces in Adolescence.","authors":"Alia Afyouni,&nbsp;Franziska Geringswald,&nbsp;Bruno Nazarian,&nbsp;Marie-Helene Grosbras","doi":"10.1093/texcom/tgab057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/texcom/tgab057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive control and social perception both change during adolescence, but little is known of the interaction of these 2 processes. We aimed to characterize developmental changes in brain activity related to the influence of a social stimulus on cognitive control and more specifically on inhibitory control. Children (age 8-11, <i>n</i> = 19), adolescents (age 12-17, <i>n</i> = 20), and adults (age 24-40, <i>n</i> = 19) performed an antisaccade task with either faces or cars as visual stimuli, during functional magnetic resonance brain imaging. We replicate the finding of the engagement of the core oculomotor and face perception brain regions in all age-groups, with increased involvement of frontoparietal oculomotor regions and fusiform face regions with age. The antisaccade-related activity was modulated by stimulus category significantly only in adolescents. This interaction was observed mainly in occipitotemporal regions as well as in supplementary motor cortex and postcentral gyrus. These results indicate a special treatment of social stimuli during adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":72551,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex communications","volume":" ","pages":"tgab057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8597975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39645420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic neural activity predisposes susceptibility to a body illusion","authors":"Tzu‐Yu Hsu, Jifan Zhou, G. Northoff, Su-Ling Yeh, T. Lane","doi":"10.1093/texcom/tgac012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/texcom/tgac012","url":null,"abstract":"Susceptibility to the rubber hand illusion (RHI) varies. Thus far, however, there is no consensus as regards how to explain this variation. Previous studies, focused on the role of multisensory integration, have searched for neural correlates of the illusion. Those studies, however, have failed to identify a sufficient set of functionally specific neural correlates. An alternative explanation of the illusion is that it results from demand characteristics, chiefly variability in the disposition to respond to imaginative suggestion: the degree to which intrinsic neural activity allows for a blurring of boundaries between self and external objects. Some evidence suggests that frontal α power is one means of tracking neural instantiations of self; therefore, we hypothesized that the higher the frontal α power during eyes-closed resting state, the more stable the self. As a corollary, we infer that the more stable the self, the less susceptible are participants to a blurring of boundaries—to feeling that the rubber hand belongs to them. Indeed, we found that frontal α amplitude oscillations negatively correlate with susceptibility. Moreover, since α and δ oscillations seem to be associated in pathological states that allow for a blurring of boundaries between self and external objects, we conjectured that the high frontal α power observed in low-RHI participants is modulated by δ frequency oscillations. Indeed, we found this to be the case. Based on our findings we propose that the two explanatory frameworks might be complementary: that is, the neural correlates of multisensory integration might be necessary for the RHI, but a sufficient explanation requires investigation of variable intrinsic neural activity that acts to modulate how the brain responds to incompatible sensory stimuli. Highlights ~Intrinsic frontal α power negatively correlates with susceptibility to the RHI. ~Intrinsic α power modulated by δ oscillations varies with susceptibility to the RHI. ~Sufficient explanation of RHI requires understanding of intrinsic neural dispositions that regulate the boundary between self and the external world.","PeriodicalId":72551,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex communications","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43732669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired Spatial Inhibition Processes for Interhemispheric Anti-saccades following Dorsal Posterior Parietal Lesions.","authors":"Julie Ouerfelli-Ethier, Romeo Salemme, Romain Fournet, Christian Urquizar, Laure Pisella, Aarlenne Z Khan","doi":"10.1093/texcom/tgab054","DOIUrl":"10.1093/texcom/tgab054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-saccades are eye movements that require inhibition to stop the automatic saccade to the visual target and to perform instead a saccade in the opposite direction. The inhibitory processes underlying anti-saccades have been primarily associated with frontal cortex areas for their role in executive control. Impaired performance in anti-saccades has also been associated with the parietal cortex, but its role in inhibitory processes remains unclear. Here, we tested the assumption that the dorsal parietal cortex contributes to spatial inhibition processes of contralateral visual target. We measured anti-saccade performance in 2 unilateral optic ataxia patients and 15 age-matched controls. Participants performed 90 degree (across and within visual fields) and 180 degree inversion anti-saccades, as well as pro-saccades. The main result was that our patients took longer to inhibit visually guided saccades when the visual target was presented in the ataxic hemifield and the task required a saccade across hemifields. This was observed through anti-saccades latencies and error rates. These deficits show the crucial role of the dorsal posterior parietal cortex in spatial inhibition of contralateral visual target representations to plan an accurate anti-saccade toward the ipsilesional side.</p>","PeriodicalId":72551,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex communications","volume":"2 3","pages":"tgab054"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8481671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39482834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Error-Consequence Severity on Cue Processing in Importance-Biased Prospective Memory.","authors":"Kristina Krasich,&nbsp;Eva Gjorgieva,&nbsp;Samuel Murray,&nbsp;Shreya Bhatia,&nbsp;Myrthe Faber,&nbsp;Felipe De Brigard,&nbsp;Marty G Woldorff","doi":"10.1093/texcom/tgab056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/texcom/tgab056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prospective memory (PM) enables people to remember to complete important tasks in the future. Failing to do so can result in consequences of varying severity. Here, we investigated how PM error-consequence severity impacts the neural processing of relevant cues for triggering PM and the ramification of that processing on the associated prospective task performance. Participants role-played a cafeteria worker serving lunches to fictitious students and had to remember to deliver an alternative lunch to students (as PM cues) who would otherwise experience a moderate or severe aversive reaction. Scalp-recorded, event-related potential (ERP) measures showed that the early-latency <i>frontal positivity</i>, reflecting the perception-based neural responses to previously learned stimuli, did not differ between the severe versus moderate PM cues. In contrast, the longer-latency <i>parietal positivity</i>, thought to reflect full PM cue recognition and post-retrieval processes, was elicited earlier by the severe than the moderate PM cues. This faster instantiation of the parietal positivity to the severe-consequence PM cues was then followed by faster and more accurate behavioral responses. These findings indicate how the relative importance of a PM can be neurally instantiated in the form of enhanced and faster PM-cue recognition and processing and culminate into better PM.</p>","PeriodicalId":72551,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex communications","volume":" ","pages":"tgab056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8527855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39542250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}