Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"“I Don’t Mind Them Drinking, as Long as…”: A Cross-sectional Study to Identify Codependence among Primary Caregivers of Patients with Alcohol Dependence in Urban India","authors":"M. Subramanyam, M. P. Appaya, U. Samudyatha, S. Preeti, Mahesh R Gowda","doi":"10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_172_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_172_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Codependence is a form of relationship addiction, described as a “disease of lost selfhood.” Codependence among primary caregivers adversely impacts treatment outcomes in Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) patients. Personality traits of the caregiver may also influence codependency and its severity. However, in routine clinical practice, codependence among primary caregivers of alcoholic patients is not assessed and addressed. This study aimed to identify codependence among caregivers of ADS patients and determine its association with personality traits in various subgroups.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional study was conducted in a private mental health establishment in urban Karnataka, India, among 125 adult primary caregivers of ADS patients who were spending at least 4 h daily with the patient for more than a year. Spann-Fischer codependence scale and Big Five personality inventory were used to assess codependence and personality domains, respectively. Codependence scores were correlated with Big Five personality scores and examined in various subgroups.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Among 125 study participants, 103 (82.4%) were female and 81 (64.8%) were spouse of ADS patients. Moderate and high codependency was found in 86 (68.8%) and 38 (30.4%) participants, respectively. Codependence was found to be significantly higher among females (64.5 ± 7.7) than males (57.6 ± 10.9), (t = −2.8, df = 25.6, P = 0.000), independent of the type of relationship with the patient. There was a significant positive correlation with neuroticism personality trait. Sociocultural and economic conditions of the caregiver also contributed to codependence.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study identified the presence of moderate-to-severe codependence, especially among female caregivers of ADS patients. This emphasizes the need for a protocol to assess codependency and personality traits among caregivers of ADS patients to improve treatment outcomes in urban Indian settings.\u0000","PeriodicalId":55693,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140681219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"India’s National Suicide Prevention Strategy, 2022: A Critical Appraisal","authors":"Gayatri Bhatia, Arghya Pal, Pawan Sharma, Arpit Parmar","doi":"10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_97_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_97_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 India recently published its National Suicide Prevention Strategy aimed at reducing suicide mortality in the country by 10% by the year 2030. This strategy laid out time-bound objectives and action plans, targeting biological, psychosocial, and cultural risk factors for suicide, which are specific to the region. The strategy is to be implemented by utilizing existing national and regional mental health-care infrastructure and enlisting multisectoral cooperation. This discussion provides a critical appraisal of the National Suicide Prevention Strategy of India, 2022.","PeriodicalId":55693,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":"112 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140680548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience among Caregivers of the Pediatric Cancer Patients","authors":"Sruthi Thalappil, Treesa T. Pulickal, Yamini Krishnan","doi":"10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_197_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_197_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Studies portray that one in every nine Indians develops cancer during their lifetime. Admissions to the Pediatric Oncology departments are increasing like any other department. Cancer affects not only the patients but also their caregivers both physically and psychologically.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In this scenario, the study aims to understand the caregivers’ level of resilience and the associated risk and protective factors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This descriptive study was conducted in Kerala. Sixty caregivers of the children in the age group between 1-17 years, diagnosed with cancer were selected for the study. Mexican Resilience Scale and self-prepared interview schedule were used to collect the quantitative data. Qualitative data were collected using an in-depth interview guide.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study found that the majority of the respondents are moderately resilient, with men exhibiting higher resilience than women. The prime factors contributing to resilience were identified as strength and self-confidence, social competence, family support, social support, and structure. The study further identified individual factors (flexibility, emotional stability, etc.), familial factors (positive family environment), and community factors (support from NGOs and support groups, etc.) as protective factors contributing to resilience. Additionally, the study revealed how individual (lack of emotional stability, introverted nature, etc.), familial (relationship issues), and community (social perceptions about the disease) levels of risk factors impact resilience.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The importance of strengthening the support systems around the caregivers and importance of oncology social worker to deal with the psychosocial issues of patients and caregivers are also discussed in this paper.\u0000","PeriodicalId":55693,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":"113 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140680914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Intimate Partner Violence and Female Syrian Refugees’ Mental Health","authors":"A. Elbarazi","doi":"10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_120_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_120_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Intimate partner violence (IPV) is one of the world’s most critical public health issues.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The main aim of the study was (1) to examine the association between IPV and female Syrian refugees’ mental health. We also wanted: (2) to assess the prevalence of IPV and its subtypes – controlling, emotional, physical, and sexual violence – among female Syrian refugees, (3) to evaluate the association between childhood maltreatment and IPV, and (4) examine IPV and risky behaviors.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. A clinician interviewed (n = 289) female Syrian refugees seeking therapy in Egypt.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Female Syrian refugees completed the following assessments: WHO Multi-Country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)-16.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Female Syrian refugees who had experienced IPV scored significantly higher on the BDI-II (U = 1799, P < 0.00), BAI (U = 2511.5, P < 0.00), and DERS (U = 1636, P < 0.00). In addition, 90.3% of them experienced psychological control, 91.3% emotional abuse, 39.4% physical violence, and 27% sexual violence by an intimate partner. Those who had experienced physical IPV were more likely to use substances (χ\u0000 2 = 5.8, P < 0.05), engage in binge eating (χ\u0000 2 = 17.5, P < 0.001), and have suicidal thoughts or behaviors (χ\u0000 2 = 5.1, P < 0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Female Syrian refugees with a history of IPV exhibited significantly worse mental health. There is an imperative need for mental health treatment and prevention strategies for female Syrian refugees.\u0000","PeriodicalId":55693,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140423367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"15-Year Suicide Trends Using Media Reporting Methodology from the Tricity Region of Chandigarh: A Brief Analysis","authors":"Nidhi Chauhan, B. Chavan, Nitin Gupta","doi":"10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_154_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_154_22","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Suicide has become a societal crisis owing to the recent increasing trends globally. Of the total suicide deaths globally, two-thirds occur in the developing countries including India. The available data on suicide in India reflect a rate of 11% (according to the National Crime Records Bureau 2013) with the highest rates in older adult males and an increasing trend of suicide deaths in younger age groups. Much of the literature is from the southern part of India with a relatively sparse data from North India.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The aim was to examine the 15-year (2004-2019) trend of suicide (age and gender distribution, methods used, and reasons) in an urban city in North India. Information was collected from the leading newspapers (English, Hindi, and Punjabi) of the area. Duplication of information was avoided, and statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Fluctuations in the total number of suicide cases over the 15-year period were observed with nearly 63% of people committing suicide being younger than 30 years of age, of whom 53% were male. More females in the younger age group and more males in the older age group were suicide victims. Of all the methods used, hanging was the most common (70%), followed by consuming poisonous substance, jumping from height, shooting self, and stabbing in the descending order. A ceiling fan was used for hanging by 32% of victims who hanged themselves, of whom 65% were male. Among the cited reasons, stress/depression was experienced by 19% of victims.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The trends with respect to age distribution, gender, and method used that is reported in the current study are in line with the trends reported globally. The preventive measures, especially using technological advances in designing fans not suitable for tying noose around it, can be explored.\u0000","PeriodicalId":55693,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":"124 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140423904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Illness Leading to Homelessness in Adolescents and Reintegration with Families: A Case Series of Three Adolescent Girls","authors":"Panna Sharma, Niharika Malhotra, Shivani Gupta, Aayushee Nashine, Deepak Kumar, M. Sen","doi":"10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_136_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_136_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Individuals with poor mental health often find themselves vulnerable to a myriad of factors such as poverty, social disadvantage, lower level of education, abuse, and personal vulnerability. For these reasons, they struggle to secure stable housing, which leads to a cycle of persistent poverty. In this background, we present a series of three adolescents who succumbed to homelessness due to their mental illnesses and subsequent social situations. The three adolescent girls were rescued by child welfare committees with the help of police and brought to the hospital. The challenges faced by the treating team included a lack of caregivers, difficulty in ruling out any sexual abuse, dealing with different jurisdictions, financial limitations of parents to travel long distances, COVID restrictions across states, and mental illness of patient impairing capacity. This also delayed their rehabilitation and prolonged hospital stay. We can conclude that clinicians should focus on stopping the vicious cycle at the earliest so that the long‐term consequences of mental illness, as well as homelessness, can be avoided. The current imperative is to establish a secure setting for children while also facilitating early detection and intervention for mental health issues, with a particular focus on homeless children.","PeriodicalId":55693,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":"419 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140417326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shining a Light on Depression in a Palliative Patient Requesting for Euthanasia: A Case Report","authors":"Natasha Subhas","doi":"10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_251_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_251_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55693,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140423053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic and Clinical Profile of Suicide Attempters: A Tertiary Care Center Study","authors":"Hemendra Singh, Swati Chandramouli, Ashwin Kulkarni","doi":"10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_5_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_5_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Suicide is a primary health concern worldwide, and has a negative impact on the individual, family, and society. The literature suggests that females are more prone to attempt suicide and have more suicidal inclinations; however, males are more serious suicide attempters compared to females.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The objective of this study was to assess the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients admitted to acute care with the current suicide attempt.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 One hundred consecutive patients, aged between 18 and 60 years, who were medically stable and presented to the emergency or medical wards at the hospital with suicidal attempt, were included in this study. Beck’s Suicide Intent Scale (SIS), Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation, Beck Hopelessness Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory–II were administered to assess the current suicidal intent and ideation, depression, and hopelessness.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The diagnostic breakup was – 69% mood (affective) disorders, 21% adjustment disorders, 4% schizophrenia, and 6% other disorders. Most suicide attempters were female (66% vs. 34%) and belonged to a younger age group (28.30 ± 10.08 years vs. 34.73 ± 13.97 years) compared to males (P < 0.05). Although both genders displayed high suicide intent, a significant difference in the SIS score was noted between females and males (36.53 ± 7.68 vs. 41.47 ± 8.82; P < 0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 There is a difference in the clinical and demographic profile among male and female suicide attempters. Hence, appropriate interventions can be devised to prevent the future suicide attempts as per the demographic and clinical characteristics specific to the study population.\u0000","PeriodicalId":55693,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":"98 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140422771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Health Anxiety, Smartphone Addiction, and Cyberchondria","authors":"M. S. Neeraj, B. Nirmala, Manoj Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_111_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_111_22","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Online health information seeking is one of the single most popular platforms in which people gather health-related information. Many sources provide ambiguous and unauthorized health information, which is part of the digital era. Cyberchondria refers to prolonged and repetitive online health searches and negative emotional and physiological responses that occur due to online searches. Health anxiety due to COVID-19 also contributed to online health information seeking. This current study assesses the association between health anxiety and smartphone use with cyberchondria among young adults.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study sample consisted of 356 individuals aged 18–25 years. We used an online survey for study participants with the Cyberchondria severity scale-12 (CSS-12), Health Anxiety Questionnaire, and the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The mean age of participants was 22 years (standard deviation: 2.13). Sixty-two percent of participants used the information obtained by the online platform to diagnose themselves. Excessiveness was more among all other subscales of cyberchondria. The results of linear regression analysis indicated that health anxiety (P < 0.001) and smartphone addiction (P < 0.001) significantly contributed to cyberchondria.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study shows the association between health anxiety and smartphone addiction with cyberchondria. This finding implies the need for a community-level conscientization on cyberchondria. There is a need to carry out promotional and preventive programs regarding the health usage of technology.\u0000","PeriodicalId":55693,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":"65 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic Restrictions and Weight Changes during Inpatient Care in an Intermediate Stay Unit in Patients with Severe Mental Illness","authors":"A. Sankaranarayanan, Da Young Lee, V. Murali, Chittaranjan Andrade","doi":"10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_266_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijsp.ijsp_266_22","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Weight gain can harm health and be socially stigmatizing. We sought to determine whether weight gain during the inpatient stay, as collateral damage related to lockdown, was more in patients admitted during the lockdown in the first pandemic year than in those admitted during the same period in the immediately preceding year. To our knowledge, this has not been previously investigated.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We extracted from medical record weight data during two similar 4-month periods (April–July) in 2019 and 2020. We examined the impact of the ward restrictions during the pandemic lockdown on weight gain using multivariable regression analysis, adjusting for potential confounding variables selected a priori: age, sex, baseline weight, metabolic syndrome or antipsychotic load, and duration of inpatient stay.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 There were 59 patients, almost all with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Patients admitted in 2019 (n = 27) were significantly more likely to consume alcohol or use illicit substances, but otherwise did not differ much from those admitted in 2020 (n = 32). Weight gain during inpatient stay was not statistically significant for 2019 (+1.85 kg; P = 0.22), 2020 (+0.74 kg; P = 0.26), or for the 2 years combined (+1.25 kg; P = 0.10). Finally, weight gain during inpatient stay did not differ between 2019 and 2020 (P = 0.83). In the regression analysis, the year of admission was not significantly associated with change in weight during inpatient stay (beta, −0.11; P = 0.43).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our findings validate our ward strategies to reduce the risk of weight gain during lockdown in inpatients with severe mental illness.\u0000","PeriodicalId":55693,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140420113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}