{"title":"Comment on “On the pass-through rate of the Nutrition North Canada subsidy”","authors":"Tracey Galloway, Nicholas Li","doi":"10.1111/cjag.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Naylor, Deaton and Ker (2025) provide estimates of Nutrition North Canada subsidy pass-through using data we collected and an identification strategy we devised. They propose an alternative econometric specification based on estimating passthrough for separate monopoly and non-monopoly sub-samples and aggregating the coefficients using subsidy share weights. They argue that this specification is more appropriate for estimating overall subsidy pass-through and conclude that its application to our data provides evidence for full subsidy pass-through. We show that their conclusions are not warranted by making two distinct but related points. First, we show that conclusions based on their specification are not robust to two changes in the estimating sample. Correcting two subsidy assignment and one monopoly classification error in the original data set, or using a time period more relevant for comparing heterogeneous effects across monopoly and non-monopoly communities, leads to estimates that either reinforce our original finding of incomplete passthrough or that are too imprecise to be informative. Second, we provide a graphical illustration and power calculation to make a more general point about the appropriateness and limitations of the type of sub-sample analysis they propose in settings with limited sample size and statistical power.</p>","PeriodicalId":55291,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics-Revue Canadienne D Agroeconomie","volume":"74 3","pages":"251-260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cjag.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148807703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Product heterogeneity, price index bias, and their link to provincial urban size: Evidence from urban China's beverage market","authors":"Soye Shin","doi":"10.1111/cjag.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conventional price indexes partially address product heterogeneity. This paper considers the variety and quality of products in each market, the combination of region and year, and constructs panel price indexes using household scanner data on non-alcoholic beverages in urban China. By comparing our panel price indexes to a conventional one, we find that ignoring product heterogeneity could largely underestimate the cross-market price differences for non-alcoholic beverages. We also find that product variety increases with urban population and income per capita, but that quality decreases with urban population, suggesting that wealthier provincial urban markets tend to have higher consumer welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":55291,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics-Revue Canadienne D Agroeconomie","volume":"74 3","pages":"196-226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cjag.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148807692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingbin Wang, Wuyang Hu, Kevin Gu, Yuxuan Peng, Yang Qing
{"title":"Facilitating sugar taxes with top-down and bottom-up information: A combined approach for improved tax efficacy","authors":"Jingbin Wang, Wuyang Hu, Kevin Gu, Yuxuan Peng, Yang Qing","doi":"10.1111/cjag.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the widespread adoption of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes, top-down facilitation measures—designed to influence consumer tax cognition—have limited impact, even though they are widely promoted as a means of enhancing tax effectiveness. This study introduces a bottom-up facilitation approach that targets immediate and direct information available to consumers. We examine how these two types of facilitation measures jointly affect tax policy efficacy. Results indicate that top-down measures, such as public health education campaigns, do not significantly reduce SSB purchases when implemented alone. However, when combined with bottom-up measures—such as displaying the specific tax amount on product labels—the tax's effectiveness increases substantially. In addition, a difference-in-differences style analysis reveals that the combination of top-down and bottom-up facilitation measures significantly reduces consumer willingness to purchase SSBs and helps mitigate reactance observed under top-down-only conditions, particularly among consumers who are more likely to ignore or discount the top-down educational information about the SSB tax. These findings provide actionable insights into how the design of public health taxation—such as SSB taxes—can be optimized to strengthen behavioral responses and enhance policy outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55291,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics-Revue Canadienne D Agroeconomie","volume":"74 3","pages":"174-195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148807722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reply to Comment on “On the pass-through rate of the Nutrition North Canada subsidy”","authors":"Jamie Naylor, B. James Deaton, Alan Ker","doi":"10.1111/cjag.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In Naylor, Deaton, and Ker (2025), we discuss an appropriate econometric method for estimating the pass-through of the Nutrition North subsidy in the presence of heterogeneous effects and endogenous sampling. Applying this method to the data set compiled by Galloway and Li (2023), who conclude that there is “large leakage” of the subsidy, we fail to find evidence that supports their conclusion. After our paper was published, Galloway and Li published both a corrigendum to their 2023 article and a comment to our paper based on that corrigendum. In their comment, Galloway and Li (2026) claim that after “minor but easily justified” changes to their original data, our econometric approach leads to either imprecise or incomplete estimates of pass-through. In our response we show that: (i) Galloway and Li (2026) choose a classification of market structure that differs from the one recommended by federal government officials and from the classification they themselves use in their most recent work, including Galloway and Li (2025b) and Li, Daley, and Watson (2025); (ii) the classification structure consistent with the recommendations of federal government officials and their aforementioned research supports full pass-through; (iii) Galloway and Li's (2026) removal of 75% of the original sample is not minor; and (iv) Galloway and Li's (2026) repeated emphasis on sub-sampling, robustness, and statistical power is incomplete and thus misleading. Importantly, our response emphasizes that the correct econometric approach does not turn on whether one can selectively find a data set in which the empirical estimate of pass-through changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55291,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics-Revue Canadienne D Agroeconomie","volume":"74 3","pages":"261-267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cjag.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148807745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jian Zhang, Ashok K. Mishra, Maximilian Koppenberg, Linyi Zheng
{"title":"Agricultural commercialization and productivity: Evidence from land market participation in rural China","authors":"Jian Zhang, Ashok K. Mishra, Maximilian Koppenberg, Linyi Zheng","doi":"10.1111/cjag.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study utilizes nationally representative panel data on rural Chinese households to investigate the interrelationship between smallholders’ participation in land rental markets and their agricultural commercialization while also evaluating the interactive effects of these market-oriented farming practices on agricultural land and labor productivity. We adopted a bivariate Tobit model, fixed effects models, and instrumental variable methods to address the endogeneity problems. Results reveal a mutually reinforcing relationship between farm households’ land rental area and commercialization decisions. Furthermore, renting farmland is associated with improved agricultural labor productivity and reduced land productivity. Agricultural commercialization shows a positive correlation with the productivity of both land and labor for farm households. Finally, commercialization could positively moderate the association between land renting and agricultural productivity. Policymakers should design policies and strategies to promote the development of the land rental market and the commercialization of farmers, which could improve labor and land productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":55291,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics-Revue Canadienne D Agroeconomie","volume":"74 3","pages":"227-250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148807761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Environmentally adjusted productivity growth and shadow prices for dairy farms","authors":"Bibek Dahal, Getu Hailu, Susantha Jayasundara","doi":"10.1111/cjag.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We estimate the environmentally adjusted productivity growth and shadow price for Ontario dairy farms. We use an input-oriented directional distance function and farm-level data from 2000 to 2020. First, we find that while GHG emissions per cow increase with higher milk yields, emission intensity decreases as milk yield per cow increases. We also find that emission intensity decreased over the study period. Second, we find that environmentally adjusted productivity growth is higher than unadjusted productivity growth. Technological change contributed more to both environmentally adjusted and unadjusted productivity growth than did efficiency change. Third, the estimated shadow price for GHG emissions was CAN$286 per metric ton.</p>","PeriodicalId":55291,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics-Revue Canadienne D Agroeconomie","volume":"74 2","pages":"99-123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cjag.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunsun Park, Seong D. Yun, Matthew G. Interis, T. Edward Yu
{"title":"Interplay of crop diversity and agricultural area in agroecosystem services: Analytical and empirical study on local water quality","authors":"Yunsun Park, Seong D. Yun, Matthew G. Interis, T. Edward Yu","doi":"10.1111/cjag.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study expands the framework for analyzing the interplay of agricultural area and crop diversity on agroecosystem services by incorporating the species-area relationship concept from biology. We estimate panel fixed effects models that include both agricultural area and crop diversity, along with their interaction term. This approach allows us to derive a crop diversity threshold-the point at which agricultural land no longer exerts a negative marginal effect on water quality, driven by adjustments along the intensive margin rather than the extensive margin. By replicating well-established water quality models from the literature and conducting robustness checks, we validate this framework. Our results empirically demonstrate that crop diversity can mitigate the adverse impact of agricultural land on water quality, aligning with the goals of conservation programs. This framework provides a more comprehensive understanding of agriculture's non-unidirectional contributions to water quality, rather than only negative impacts, which are pervasive in the literature. Moreover, the thresholds identified in this study provide valuable insights for prioritizing regions for landscape-based, crop diversity-driven conservation strategies and policy design.</p>","PeriodicalId":55291,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics-Revue Canadienne D Agroeconomie","volume":"74 2","pages":"149-169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cjag.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Level of knowledge and perceptions of Canadians on supply management","authors":"Maurice Doyon, Stéphane Bergeron, Bruce Muirhead","doi":"10.1111/cjag.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Supply management (SM) has recently attracted a lot of attention nationally and internationally. A bill (C-202) to safeguard SM from future international trade negotiations was voted unanimously by the Canadian parliament in 2025. At the international level, tariffs associated with SM have been criticized by the Trump administration. Given that SM is based on a tacit social contract between SM farmers and society at large, as well as its political significance, it appears important to assess the level of knowledge of Canadians regarding this policy, as well as their perception of SM themes raised in the media. This paper reports the literacy score and perceptions on SM of a national survey of over 1200 respondents. To analyze the data, perceptions on SM themes are regressed on respondents’ level of SM literacy, sociodemographic data, as well as on two questions that are of a more ideological nature. Results indicate that Canadians have little knowledge of the working or scope of SM. Furthermore, after providing neutral information on themes related to SM that are or have been in the media, we find that the views toward SM policy are mostly negative, with the most negative perceptions held by respondents with ideologies that we loosely classify as economic conservatism.</p>","PeriodicalId":55291,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics-Revue Canadienne D Agroeconomie","volume":"74 2","pages":"82-98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cjag.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of new-product introduction on nutrition consumption: The case of Greek yogurt","authors":"Yi (Fionna) Xie, Timothy J. Richards","doi":"10.1111/cjag.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cjag.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>True dietary change typically occurs through consumer preferences, and when changes in product attributes reflect these preferences, category-level demand can be substantially rearranged. In this study, we show that a successful new product may fundamentally change the nature of an entire category, and change consumers' nutrient consumption by altering the nutrient content of the food products they consume. Greek yogurt, for example, offers a very different combination of nutrients relative to other types of yogurts. The fact that it was immediately successful after its introduction provides an example of a transformational new product—one that potentially changed the nutrient-consumption profiles of yogurt buyers. We use a quasi-experimental approach with propensity score matching (DiD + PSM) to identify the effect of introducing Greek yogurt on yogurt buyers’ nutrient consumption. We find that the introduction of Greek yogurt led to yogurt purchases with greater overall protein and calorie content, but lower fat and carbohydrate content. We use the case of Greek yogurt to show that a relatively simple innovative common consumer product can have far-reaching implications for the nature of nutrients consumed from that category. Our findings point to the importance of information policies, and their interaction with consumer preferences, on changing dietary outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55291,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics-Revue Canadienne D Agroeconomie","volume":"74 2","pages":"124-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From rhetoric to measurement: The economics of wetland conservation","authors":"Patrick Lloyd-Smith, Peter Boxall, Ken Belcher","doi":"10.1111/cjag.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cjag.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wetland conservation continues to be a pressing issue as wetlands continue to be lost due to urban, industrial, and agricultural expansion. This paper synthesizes the current knowledge about wetland conservation economics in Canada, with a focus on prairie landscapes. We review the methods economists use to empirically measure the costs (i.e., supply) and benefits (i.e., demand) of wetlands and their ecosystem services. We find a wide range of wetland conservation cost estimates both across studies and across wetlands suggesting an important role for targeting. For the benefits side, we outline the wetland ecosystem service conceptual framework, describe the main approaches used in wetland benefit valuation, and review the sparse empirical evidence. The paper concludes with a call for more careful empirical evidence demonstrating the economic benefits of wetlands that can be compared to conservation costs operationalized into policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55291,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics-Revue Canadienne D Agroeconomie","volume":"74 1","pages":"56-77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cjag.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147564735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}