Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education最新文献

{"title":"Implementation Adherence and Perspectives of the Childcare PhysicaL ActivitY (PLAY) Policy: A Process Evaluation.","authors":"Monika Szpunar,&nbsp;Andrew M Johnson,&nbsp;Molly Driediger,&nbsp;Shauna M Burke,&nbsp;Jennifer D Irwin,&nbsp;Jacob Shelley,&nbsp;Brian W Timmons,&nbsp;Leigh M Vanderloo,&nbsp;Patricia Tucker","doi":"10.1177/1090198121996285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198121996285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Childcare PhysicaL ActivitY (PLAY) policy was an evidence-informed, eight-item institutional-level policy document targeting children's physical activity, outdoor play, and sedentary time. Nine childcare centers in London, Ontario, participated in this cluster, randomized controlled trial. Early Childhood Educators allocated to the experimental group, from five childcare centers in London, Ontario, implemented the policy for young children (18 months to 4 years) for 8 weeks and documented adherence to each policy item (i.e., dose) in daily logs. Program evaluation surveys (<i>n</i> = 21) and interviews (<i>n</i> = 10) were completed postintervention to assess Early Childhood Educators' perspectives of feasibility, context, enjoyment, communication between researchers and childcare staff, and likelihood of future implementation. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and thematic analysis was conducted. Adherence to policy items ranged from 16.5% (for delivery of shorter, more frequent outdoor periods) to 85.9% (for delivery of unstructured/child-directed play). Participants reported effective communication between the research team and childcare centers (0 = <i>not at all effective</i> to 5 = <i>very effective; M</i> = 4.20; <i>SD</i> = 0.83) but noted that they were unlikely to continue the implementation of more frequent outdoor periods (0 = <i>not at all likely</i> to 5 = <i>extremely likely; M</i> = 2.19; <i>SD</i> = 1.21). Interview themes included weather as a prominent barrier and the use of verbal prompts as a solution for implementing the policy. As this was a small and short-term intervention, this pilot study offers important insight on larger scale policy interventions aimed at increasing physical activity and minimizing sedentary time among children enrolled in childcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"66-77"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1090198121996285","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25502812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Exercise, Sleep, and Mood in Young Adults.","authors":"Emily E Glavin,&nbsp;Juliet Matthew,&nbsp;Andrea M Spaeth","doi":"10.1177/1090198120986782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120986782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insufficient sleep is a serious public health problem in college students. Exercise is a widely prescribed behavioral treatment for sleep and mood issues; however, more focused and gender-specific prescriptions are needed. The present study examined relationships between exercise, sleep, and mood in undergraduate men and women. Students (<i>N</i> = 866, 19.6 ± 1.4 years, 38.7% women) were recruited from campus recreation facilities and completed demographic, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, mood (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System), and exercise questionnaires. The Department of Health and Human Services Physical Activity Guidelines were used to dichotomize those who did and did not meet weekly aerobic and strength training exercise recommendations. In men, greater exercise frequency associated with less daytime dysfunction (β = 0.147) and less depressive mood (β = -0.64, <i>p</i>s < .05). In women, greater exercise frequency associated with earlier bedtime (β = -12.6), improved sleep quality (β = 0.17), increased positive affect (β = 0.91), less depressive mood (β = -0.71), and less anger (β = -1.24, <i>p</i>s < .05). Compared to men, women reported earlier bedtime, poorer sleep efficiency, and more anxiety and depressive mood (<i>p</i>s < .05, <math><mrow><msubsup><mi>η</mi><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow></math> range: 0.01-0.04<i>).</i> Compared to individuals who met physical activity guidelines, those who did not meet the guidelines reported later bedtimes, less positive affect, more anxiety, and more anger (<i>p</i>s < .05 <math><mrow><msubsup><mi>η</mi><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow></math>s = 0.01). Among men, those who met physical activity guidelines reported falling asleep more quickly than those who did not meet guidelines (<math><mrow><msubsup><mi>η</mi><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></mrow></math> = 0.01, <i>p</i> = .007); however, no relationship between guideline adherence and sleep latency was observed in women. Adhering to physical activity guidelines may be important for optimal sleep and emotional health. Clinicians should consider gender when creating exercise prescriptions for sleep issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"128-140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1090198120986782","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25360590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Choice With Economic Scarcity and Time Abundance: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Sara C Folta,&nbsp;Oyedolapo Anyanwu,&nbsp;Jennifer Pustz,&nbsp;Jennifer Oslund,&nbsp;Laura Paige Penkert,&nbsp;Norbert Wilson","doi":"10.1177/10901981211045926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211045926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Consumers with low income in the United States have higher vulnerability to unhealthy diets compared with the general population. Although some literature speculates that scarcity is an explanation for this disparity, empirical evidence is lacking. We conducted a qualitative study of food choice to explore whether scarcity-related phenomena, such as tunneling and bandwidth tax, may contribute to unhealthy dietary choices. We used participant-driven photo elicitation (<i>n</i> = 18) to investigate the food choice behaviors of individuals living in the greater Boston area who met the federal guidelines for poverty. Participants took photos at the point of food acquisition for 1 month, after which we interviewed them using a semistructured interview guide with the photos as prompts. Thematic coding was used for analysis. Respondents had relative time abundance. Two major themes emerged: participants used a set of strategies to stretch their budgets, and they highly prioritized cost and preference when making food choices. The extreme focus on obtaining food at low cost, which required time and effort, was suggestive of tunneling. We found no evidence of the bandwidth tax. Our findings raise the hypothesis of scarcity as a continuum: when individuals experience multiple resource constraints, they experience scarcity; whereas people with very limited finances and relative time abundance may instead be in a prescarcity condition, with a hyperfocus on a scarce resource that could lead to tunneling as constraints increase. Additional studies are needed to understand whether and how tunneling and bandwidth tax emerge, independently or together, as people face different levels and types of scarcity.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"150-158"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39507681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Picturing Participation: Catalyzing Conversations About Community Engagement in HIV Community-Based Organizations.","authors":"Sarah Switzer,&nbsp;Soo Chan Carusone,&nbsp;Alex McClelland,&nbsp;Kamilah Apong,&nbsp;Neil Herelle,&nbsp;Adrian Guta,&nbsp;Carol Strike,&nbsp;Sarah Flicker","doi":"10.1177/1090198120977145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120977145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Community engagement is considered a cornerstone of health promotion practice. Yet engagement is a fuzzy term signifying a range of practices. Health scholarship has focused primarily on individual effects of engagement. To understand the complexities of engagement, organizations must also consider relational, structural, and/or organizational factors that inform stakeholders' subjective understandings and experiences. Community engagement processes are not neutral; they can reproduce and/or dismantle power structures, often in contradictory or unexpected ways. This article discusses diverse stakeholders' subjective experiences and understandings of engagement within the HIV sector in Toronto, Canada. In our study, a team of community members, service providers, and academics partnered with three HIV community-based organizations to do this work. We used photovoice, a participatory and action-oriented photography method, to identify, document, and analyze participants' understandings at respective sites. Through collaborative analysis, we identified seven themes that may catalyze conversations about engagement within organizations: reflecting on journey; honoring relationships; accessibility and support mechanisms; advocacy, peer leadership, and social justice; diversity and difference; navigating grief and loss; and nonparticipation. Having frank and transparent discussions that are grounded in stakeholders' subjective experiences, and the sociopolitical and structural conditions of involvement, can help organizations take a more intersectional and nuanced approach to community engagement. Together, our findings can be used as a framework to support organizations in thinking more deeply and complexly about how to meaningfully, ethically, and sustainably engage communities (both individually and collectively) in HIV programming, and organizational policy change. The article concludes with questions for practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"769-782"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1090198120977145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38814582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Radio Drama's Effects on HIV Attitudes and Policy Priorities: A Field Experiment in Tanzania.","authors":"Donald P Green,&nbsp;Dylan W Groves,&nbsp;Constantine Manda","doi":"10.1177/10901981211010421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211010421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A growing body of evidence investigates how entertainment education influences knowledge about HIV, stigma toward those with HIV, and openness to disclosing one's HIV status. The present study shows that in addition to these effects, mass media interventions may influence audiences' policy priorities, such as their demand for local access to HIV/AIDS medical care. A condensed (2 hours) version of a popular Swahili radio drama was presented to rural Tanzanians as part of a placebo-controlled experiment, clustered at the village level. A random sample comprising 1,200 participants were interviewed at baseline and invited to attend a presentation of the radio drama, and 83% attended. Baseline respondents were reinterviewed 2 weeks later with a response rate of 95%. In addition to increasing listeners' knowledge and support for disclosure of HIV status, the radio drama produced sizable and statistically significant effects on listeners' preference for hypothetical candidates promising improved HIV/AIDS treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"842-851"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10901981211010421","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38922709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reasoned Action Approach Correlates of Fruit and Vegetable Diet Among African American Men Living With HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Terri-Ann Kelly,&nbsp;Soojong Kim,&nbsp;Loretta S Jemmott,&nbsp;Larry D Icard,&nbsp;Deepti Chittamuru,&nbsp;John B Jemmott","doi":"10.1177/10901981211011938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211011938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epidemiological evidence of the protective role of fruits and vegetables for a host of chronic health conditions is well-documented. However, there is a dearth of studies examining predictors of fruit and vegetable intake among African American men living with HIV. We report secondary analyses-multiple regression and logistic regression models fitted to examine the strength of the relationships between the reasoned action approach constructs; namely, attitudes, subjective norms, descriptive norms, self-efficacy and intention to consume fruits and vegetables, and self-reported adherence to 5-A-DAY guidelines. We used baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of a physical activity intervention trial with 302 African American men aged 40 years or older (<i>M</i> = 53.9; <i>SD</i> = 7.2) living with HIV. Attitudes, subjective norms, descriptive norms, and self-efficacy were positively associated with intention to meet 5-A-DAY guidelines. More positive attitudes toward 5-A-DAY guidelines were associated with higher odds of meeting 5-A-DAY guidelines. More positive attitudes and self-efficacy were also positively associated with meeting the guidelines for intake of vegetable servings and fruit-and-vegetable servings combined. To increase fruit and vegetable intake among African American men living with HIV, interventions should be tailored to address the perceived benefits of consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"852-859"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10901981211011938","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38973636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Donor Designation Among Mature Latinas and Lay Health Educators (<i>Promotoras</i>): A Mixed-Methods Study.","authors":"Elisa J Gordon,&nbsp;Heather Gardiner,&nbsp;Laura A Siminoff,&nbsp;Patrick J Kelly,&nbsp;Chidera Agu,&nbsp;Megan Urbanski,&nbsp;Gerard P Alolod,&nbsp;Amanda Benitez,&nbsp;Ilda Hernandez,&nbsp;Nancy Guinansaca,&nbsp;Lori Ramos Winther,&nbsp;Caroline D Bergeron,&nbsp;Rachel Kim,&nbsp;Antonette Montalvo,&nbsp;Tony Gonzalez","doi":"10.1177/1090198120976351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120976351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite positive public attitudes toward solid organ donation in the United States, some of the lowest rates of donor designation persist among older adults and Latinx populations.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To identify barriers and facilitators to organ donation and donor designation among lay health educators (<i>promotoras</i>) and mature Latina (50+ years).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An explanatory sequential mixed-method design was employed, with telephone surveys followed by focus group interviews, to assess and understand the nuances of organ donation and donor designation knowledge, attitudes, and practices among promotoras and mature Latinas in Chicago (IL), Philadelphia (PA), and San Antonio (TX). Descriptive statistics summarized quantitative survey data; thematic content analysis was performed on qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine promotoras and 45 mature Latina participated in both the surveys and focus groups (<i>N</i> = 74). Most participants (90%) had limited knowledge of organ donation but reported being \"somewhat\" or \"strongly\" in favor of donation (70%); 40.5% were registered donors. Participants lacked knowledge about the registration process and its legal standing and upheld concerns that registered donors would be vulnerable to organ traffickers or targets for murder. Themes emerging from the group interviews revealed additional barriers to designation including distrust of the medical establishment, perceptions of inequities in organ allocation, and family resistance to discussing death.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Low donor designation rates are primarily driven by concerns about organ trafficking and the fairness of the allocation system, particularly for undocumented immigrants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results informed development of a culturally targeted educational and communication skills intervention to increase donor designation in Latinx communities.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04007419.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"805-817"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1090198120976351","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38734936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of Medical Mistrust Among Minority Women at Risk for HIV and Their Networks.","authors":"Laura M Johnson,&nbsp;Harold D Green,&nbsp;Brandon Koch,&nbsp;Robert Harding,&nbsp;Jamila K Stockman,&nbsp;Karla D Wagner","doi":"10.1177/1090198120986783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120986783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medical mistrust is a barrier to engaging in HIV prevention and treatment, including testing and adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Research often focuses on how race and experiences of discrimination relate to medical mistrust, overlooking the role that other characteristics may play (e.g., history of physical abuse, diagnosis of mental illness). Furthermore, studies are often restricted to samples of men who have sex with men and findings may not generalize to other at-risk groups.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The current study explores a range of demographic, cognitive, behavioral, and social network correlates of medical mistrust.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study employed an egocentric network design among a racially diverse sample of at-risk women and women in their social networks (<i>n</i> = 165).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from multivariable linear regressions stratified by race (Black vs. others) indicate that medical mistrust is associated with both individual-level and network-level characteristics. Across both groups, age and experiences of racial discrimination were associated with higher medical mistrust. Having a regular sex partner and having a higher proportion of network members who are family was significantly associated with medical mistrust among non-Black women.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Individual-level and network-level variables were significantly associated with medical mistrust. Therefore, interventions that attempt to mitigate medical mistrust as a barrier to HIV prevention and treatment should consider how mistrust may be related to characteristics of individuals and broader contexts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Health interventions may benefit from conceiving of medical mistrust as a complex, rational response to cumulative discriminatory life experiences and a reflection of the networks within which individuals are embedded.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"860-872"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1090198120986783","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25396409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing a Novel Workplace Smoking Cessation Intervention Targeting Hispanic/Latino Construction Workers: A Pilot Cluster Randomized Trial.","authors":"Taghrid Asfar,&nbsp;Kristopher L Arheart,&nbsp;Laura A McClure,&nbsp;Estefania C Ruano-Herreria,&nbsp;Noella A Dietz,&nbsp;Kenneth D Ward,&nbsp;Alberto J Caban-Martinez,&nbsp;Daniel Samano Martin Del Campo,&nbsp;David J Lee","doi":"10.1177/1090198120960395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120960395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>U.S. Hispanic/Latino construction workers constitute a large and historically underserved group in terms of smoking cessation services. Using formative research, we developed a worksite smoking cessation intervention tailored to the life/work circumstances of these workers.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of the developed intervention \"Enhanced Care\" (EC; one group behavioral counseling session provided around the food truck + fax referral to tobacco quitline [QL] + 8-week nicotine replacement treatment [NRT]) compared with \"Standard Care\" (SC; fax referral to tobacco QL + 8-week NRT) in a pilot, two-arm, cluster randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In collaboration with construction site safety managers, a sample of 17 construction sites (EC: nine sites/65 smokers; SC: eight sites/69 smokers) was enrolled. Participants received two follow-ups at 3 and 6 months after enrollment. Feasibility outcomes were enrollment rate, adherence to treatment, and 6-month retention rates. The primary efficacy outcome was 6 months prolonged abstinence verified by expired carbon monoxide <10 ppm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Enrollment rate was high (85.9%). Six-month follow-up rates were acceptable (EC = 76.9%, SC = 66.6%). Adherence to treatment was better in the EC group (received worksite intervention: EC = 93.8%, SC = 88.4%; contacted by QL: EC = 49.2%, SC = 40.6%). Abstinence rates were 27.7% for the EC and 20.3% for the SC (<i>p</i> = .315).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The developed intervention was feasible and acceptable, and it substantially improved abstinence among Hispanic/Latino workers. The involvement of safety managers was essential to the implementation of the intervention. Training safety managers to deliver the intervention has great potential to implement a sustainable smoking cessation service in the construction sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"795-804"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1090198120960395","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38597534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderating Effects of Gender Among Collegiate Student-Athletes Receiving a Novel Peer Concussion Education Program.","authors":"Meredith Kneavel,&nbsp;William Ernst,&nbsp;Kevin McCarthy","doi":"10.1177/1090198120977128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120977128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>More than 460,000 female and male student-athletes compete in college sports each year, with 5.5 concussions reported per 1,000 athlete exposures. The majority of these concussions occurred during competition and are somewhat more likely to be reported by female athletes.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate moderating effects of gender differences in response to a Peer Concussion Education Program (PCEP).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 1,100 male and 511 female student-athletes from 60 teams (30 experimental, 30 control) representing all National Collegiate Athletic Association divisions from high-concussive sports participated before, postintervention, and 1-month following the intervention. Participants completed assessments of symptom and return-to-play knowledge, reporting behavior, and reporting attitudes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PCEP was more effective than control on all measures, females in the PCEP showed significantly greater changes than males in return to play knowledge, intention to report self and teammate, and indirect attitudes for self and teammate. PCEP females were more likely to discuss concussions with athletic trainers, peers, and teammates. In addition, females had a higher likelihood of reporting their own suspected concussion.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Females had greater rates of change in understanding of some key components of the PCEP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that females may learn differently in a peer environment and have different attitudes toward reporting and safety when consideration is given to the well-being of others.</p>","PeriodicalId":520637,"journal":{"name":"Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education","volume":" ","pages":"907-917"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1090198120977128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38713245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}