Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Clinicoepidemiology and Diagnosis of Hepatitis C: Evaluating HCV Core Antigen Assay as a Diagnostic Tool in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India.","authors":"Apurva Rautela, Nikhil Raj, Ashish Verma, Jyotsna Agarwal, Prashant Verma, Jaya Garg","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1446","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>One of the main causes of primary hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic hepatitis is the hepatitis C virus (HCV), with significant variability in its genotypes affecting pathogenicity and treatment outcomes. In India, prevalence ranges from 0.5 to 1.5%, with certain regions showing higher rates. Diagnostic methods include serological and molecular assays, with the HCV core antigen (HCV cAg) assay emerging as a cost-effective substitute for HCV RT-PCR testing.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study enrolled 292 suspected hepatitis cases from May 2019 to May 2020 in a North Indian tertiary care institute. Demographic, biochemical, and clinical data were collected. Seroprevalence was determined using Qualisa^TM HCV ELISA. Sixty seronegative and 30 seropositive samples underwent HCVc-Ag testing and HCV RT-PCR. Genotyping was carried out using AmpliSens® HCV-genotype PCR kit. The HCV core antigen assay was evaluated by taking HCV RT-PCR as the gold standard test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 292 patients, 98 (30%) were seropositive for HCV, predominantly in the 40-59 age-group. Surgery and blood transfusion were significant risk factors. Co-infections included human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (3.06%) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) (6.12%). Genotype 3a was the most prevalent. HCV core antigen assay showed 93.75% sensitivity, 93.10% specificity, 88.24% positive predictive value, 96.43% negative predictive value, and 93.33% accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hepatitis C virus core antigen is a dependable and economical substitute to HCV RT-PCR for diagnosing HCV infection. Regular screening in high-risk groups is essential for early detection and prevention.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Rautela A, Raj N, Verma A, <i>et al.</i> Clinicoepidemiology and Diagnosis of Hepatitis C: Evaluating HCV Core Antigen Assay as a Diagnostic Tool in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(2):176-181.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 2","pages":"176-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher Incidence of Diabetes in Asymptomatic Healthy Fatty Liver Patients of Bangladesh: Prompt Intervention can Avert Complications.","authors":"Abm Shakil Gani, Abdullah Al Mahmood, Afm Shafiqul Alam, Mizanur Rahman, Raqibul Alam, Tasnim Mahmud","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1444","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The strong association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and fatty liver is well known, and its nomenclature has even recently changed to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Healthy MASLD patients are frequently overlooked and maltreated, especially in Bangladesh. In this present study, we tried to correlate T2DM burden in apparently healthy, incidentally diagnosed fatty liver patients on ultrasound.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was done in Sheikh Hasina Medical College Hospital, Tangail, Bangladesh, from August 2022 to February 2023. A total of 92 patients with ultrasonological evidence of grade II fatty change in the liver were included and evaluated. Known T2DM, hypothyroidism, consumption of alcohol, HBV or HCV infection, Wilson's disease, autoimmune liver disease, hemochromatosis, and any other chronic liver or kidney disease patients were excluded. The patients were then assessed for the presence and absence of T2DM using OGTT (2 hours 75 gm glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L) and/or HbA1c (≥6.5%) as diagnostic criteria. Data was analyzed by SPSS, version 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 92 patients, 48 were male and 44 were female. A total of 50 patients (54.3%) were newly diagnosed with T2DM. Statistically significant differences were seen in the T2DM group and non-DM group for AST (50.33 IU vs 36.53 IU) and TG (270 mg/dL vs 189 mg/dL). Although no noteworthy differences were evident in mean age (41 years vs 38 years), ALT (58.9 IU vs 60.23 IU), and BMI (28.85 vs 29.29).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the present study, more than 54% of patients with grade II fatty liver were newly diagnosed with T2DM. They would later present with more advanced T2DM and related complications. Although a larger study is needed, physicians and healthcare workers in Bangladesh should be more concerned about treating MASLD patients with early diagnosis of T2DM, recommending prompt lifestyle interventions, and prescribing drugs if necessary.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Gani ABMS, Mahmood AA, Alam AFMS, <i>et al.</i> Higher Incidence of Diabetes in Asymptomatic Healthy Fatty Liver Patients of Bangladesh: Prompt Intervention can Avert Complications. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(2):172-175.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 2","pages":"172-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thick-walled Gallbladder: A Pragmatic Management Approach.","authors":"Ishtiyaq Ahmad Ganaie, Sadatul Manzoor, Arshid Iqbal Qadri, Gowhar Aziz Bhat","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1451","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Thick-walled gallbladder (TWGB) is a common yet non-specific radiological finding associated with a wide range of gallbladder pathologies, including acute and chronic inflammation, infection, and malignancy. Among the inflammatory causes, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare but significant condition that often mimics gallbladder carcinoma. This paper presents a pragmatic approach to the diagnosis and management of TWGB, focusing on the complexities posed by XGC. Detailed analysis of imaging techniques, surgical strategies, and histopathological findings is provided to guide clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper presents a pragmatic approach to the diagnosis and management of TWGB, with a particular focus on the complexities posed by XGC mimicking a gallbladder mass in operated patients of TWGB in a tertiary care center over 2 years. Detailed analysis of imaging techniques, surgical strategies, and histopathological findings is provided to guide clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>We had 18 patients of TWGB, 14 males (77.7%) and 4 females (22.2%) who were a part of the prospective study. All cases underwent anticipatory extended cholecystectomy (AEC) with frozen section assessment during the period of 2 years. All these cases were evaluated with ultrasound, triple-phase CT followed by MR/MRCP, and CA 19-9 levels as outlined in the flowchart.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study out of 18 patients who underwent AEC the frozen section of 15 cases of patients was reported as XGC, and 3 cases were reported as carcinoma GB with T1b stage and these 3 cases further underwent EC in the same setting. Out of 18 cases, 16 had an uneventful postop period and 2 cases developed complications Bile leak which was managed by pigtail drainage and bleeding managed by blood transfusions (Clavien-Dindo Classification-Grade III).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All TWGB are not carcinoma GB. Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is an important differential diagnosis for TWGB and, therefore, XGC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of TWGB.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Ganaie IA, Manzoor S, Qadri AI, <i>et al.</i> Thick-walled Gallbladder: A Pragmatic Management Approach. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(2):191-197.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 2","pages":"191-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Rectal Cancer Patients in the Kingdom of Bahrain: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Isam M Juma, Mirza F Saeed, Leonie R Hamel, Zahra Ali, Israa Sinan, Saud Alkhlofi, Zainab Ibrahim, Zeki Surmeli","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1454","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim and background: </strong>As rectal cancer diagnosis becomes more prevalent due to the increased awareness caused by campaigns, this study aims to focus on the demographics of patients diagnosed with rectal cancer in the Kingdom of Bahrain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted on 184 patients diagnosed with primary or second primary rectal cancer. Stage and site of tumor at diagnosis, gender, BMI, family history, histology, and metastasis are discussed throughout the paper.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of the population (85.9%) were Bahraini, with males (57.6%) being more prevalent. A little over 50% of patients diagnosed with rectal cancer were aged 60 years or younger. In most cases, the tumors were spotted in the lower rectum (48.9%) and were diagnosed by the appearance of symptoms (91.8%). Kaplan-Meier Survival analysis showed that the overall survival for males is 95.3% and for females 93.6% for 1 year.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high number of Bahraini males diagnosed with rectal cancer highlights the importance of early screening and detection. The prevalence of the tumor in the lower rectum suggests the need for improved education on recognizing symptoms and seeking medical attention. Further research is required to establish a comprehensive national screening program for rectal cancer in Bahrain.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Understanding the demographic and clinical characteristics of rectal cancer patients in the Kingdom of Bahrain is required to target early screening and public awareness. The findings of this study provide a solid foundation for future developments in rectal cancer diagnosis and treatment to improve survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Juma IM, Saeed MF, Hamel LR, <i>et al.</i> Epidemiology of Rectal Cancer Patients in the Kingdom of Bahrain: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(2):205-209.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 2","pages":"205-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perihilar and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma after Resection: Clinicopathological Characteristics, Outcomes, and Implications for Addition of Chemoradiotherapy.","authors":"Puja Sahai, Archana Rastogi, Ajay Gupta, Nilesh S Patil, Namita Sharma, Nihar Mohapatra, Archana Sharma, Karthika Rudrakumar, Ankur Jindal, Amar Mukund, Guresh Kumar, Viniyendra Pamecha, Hanuman P Yadav","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1440","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinicopathological characteristics, patterns of recurrence, survival outcomes, and implications for the addition of chemoradiotherapy for patients with resected perihilar and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For the present retrospective study, we identified 38 and 10 patients with resected perihilar and intrahepatic CCA. In perihilar CCA, adjuvant treatment was given as chemotherapy (<i>n</i> = 13) or chemoradiotherapy (<i>n</i> = 10). In intrahepatic CCA, neoadjuvant treatment was given with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE, <i>n</i> = 1) or chemotherapy plus stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT, <i>n</i> = 1), and adjuvant treatment was given to 7 patients with chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In perihilar CCA, preoperative biliary drainage procedures were performed in 27 out of 30 patients with jaundice. The adjacent liver showed secondary sclerosing cholangitis (<i>n</i> = 5) and fibrosis (<i>n</i> = 19). Locoregional recurrence involved the hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic site and lymph nodes. In intrahepatic CCA, the adjacent liver revealed cirrhosis (<i>n</i> = 1), secondary sclerosing cholangitis (<i>n</i> = 1), and fibrosis (<i>n</i> = 6). The sites of recurrence were in the remnant liver and lymph nodes (<i>n</i> = 6). In perihilar CCA, the median overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 30.1 months (95% CI: 22.9-37.4) and 15.1 months (95% CI: 9.74-20.5), respectively. The 2-year and 3-year OS were 60.5% and 44.7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association of no adjuvant treatment with decreased DFS (<i>p</i> = 0.004), HR 4.03 (95% CI: 1.57-10.4). Recurrence showed an unfavorable association with OS (<i>p</i> = 0.056), HR 2.90 (95% CI: 0.98-8.66). In intrahepatic CCA, the median OS and DFS rates were 41.2 months (95% CI: 13.5-68.9) and 10.8 months (95% CI: 1.98-19.6), respectively. The 2-year and 3-year OS were 66.7% and 53.3%, respectively. The patient with multiple intrahepatic CCA lesions and treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and SBRT showed partial pathological necrosis after resection and was disease-free at 3.5 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study showed the effectiveness of the combination of chemoradiotherapy with resection in improving locoregional disease control and survival in patients with perihilar and intrahepatic CCA.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Sahai P, Rastogi A, Gupta A, <i>et al.</i> Perihilar and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma after Resection: Clinicopathological Characteristics, Outcomes, and Implications for Addition of Chemoradiotherapy. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(2):134-144.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 2","pages":"134-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HeberNasvac: Development and Application in the Context of Chronic Hepatitis B.","authors":"Julio C Aguilar, Sheikh Mf Akbar, Mamun Al-Mahtab, Md Sakirul I Khan, Carlos A Guzman, Guillermo Fernandez, Jorge A Aguiar, Marie-Louise Michel, Maryline Bourgine, Maria A Marrero, Stephanie Trittel, Thomas Ebensen, Peggy Riese, Roger Le Grand, Cecile Herate, Aurelie Mauras, Osamu Yoshida, Yoichi Hiasa, Eduardo Penton, Gerardo E Guillen","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1457","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immune system plays a central role in controlling acute hepatitis B infection and in patients resolving chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Given that 221 million (75%) of CHB patients reside in low- and middle-income countries, the development of a vaccine with therapeutic properties represents a rational and cost-effective approach more than a romantic endeavor. This review systematically analyzes the key variables related to the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of CHB treatments. HeberNasvac experience is revisited for addressing the challenges and potentialities of therapeutic vaccines, as well as the current roadblocks in research and development, registration, and large-scale implementation.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Aguilar JC, Akbar SMF, Al-Mahtab M, <i>et al.</i> HeberNasvac: Development and Application in the Context of Chronic Hepatitis B. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(2):221-237.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 2","pages":"221-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Persons with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Saba Latif, Tasnim Ahsan","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1437","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is an important entity in patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D). Exploring the prevalence and related factors of MASLD is vital toward developing effective methods of diagnosis and treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of MASLD in persons with obesity and T2D.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at a private healthcare facility (Medicell Clinics) in Karachi, Pakistan, reviewing records from January to December 2022. Persons of either gender aged 18 or above with a diagnosis of T2D and/or obesity were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of a total of 646 persons, 430 (66.6%) were females. The mean age was 48.58 ± 13.88 years, ranging between 18 and 85 years. T2D was noted in 351 (54.3%) patients, while obesity was observed in 593 (91.8%) persons, 396 (61.3%) had MASLD. Persons having MASLD had significantly higher body mass index (31.16 ± 5.13 vs 28.14 ± 4.76 kg/m², <i>p</i> < 0.001). Likewise, obesity was significantly associated with MASLD (94.9 vs 86.8%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported in multivariate logistic regression table. Persons with T2DM (OR = 1.519, <i>p</i> = 0.009), and obesity (OR = 2.651, <i>p</i> = 0.001) showed significantly increased odds of having MASLD. The analysis revealed that individuals in the age-group of 18-40 (OR = 1.627, <i>p</i> = 0.014) had increased odds of having MASLD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of MASLD was very high in persons with T2D, and obesity. Type-2 diabetes with or without obesity, or the other way around, significantly increases the risk of MASLD. Therefore, these persons should be screened for MASLD to improve clinical outcomes in the affected people.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Latif S, Ahsan T. Prevalence of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Persons with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(2):129-133.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 2","pages":"129-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization and Potential Inhibitors Prediction of Protein Arginine Methyltransferase-2 in Carcinoma: An Insight from Molecular Docking, ADMET Profiling and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies.","authors":"Md Sahadot Hossen, Md Nur Islam, Md Enayet A Pramanik, Md Hasanur Rahman, Md Al Amin, Saraban T Antora, Farzana S Sraboni, Rifah N Chowdhury, Nazia Farha, Amina A Sathi, Samia Sadaf, Farjana Banna, Md Rezaul Karim, Nasrin Akter, Md Royhan Gofur, Md Shariful Islam, M Morsed Z Miah, Mira Akhter, Md Shariful Islam, Md Sharif Hasan, Fahmida Fahmin, Mohammad M Rahman, Prabir M Basak, Amio K Sonnyashi, Haimanti S Das, Mamun Al Mahtab, Sheikh Mf Akbar","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1443","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To predict and characterize the three-dimensional (3D) structure of protein arginine methyltransferase 2 (PRMT2) using homology modeling, besides, the identification of potent inhibitors for enhanced comprehension of the biological function of this protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) family protein in carcinogenesis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An <i>in silico</i> method was employed to predict and characterize the three-dimensional structure. The bulk of PRMTs in the PDB shares just a structurally conserved catalytic core domain. Consequently, it was determined that ligand compounds may be the source of co-crystallized complexes containing additional PRMTs. Possible PRMT2 inhibitor compounds are found by using S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), a methyl group donor, as a positive control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Protein arginine methyltransferases are associated with a range of physiological processes, including as splicing, proliferation, regulation of the cell cycle, differentiation, and signaling of DNA damage. These functional capacities are also related to carcinogenesis and metastasis-several forms of PRMT have been cited in the literature. These include PRMT-1, PRMT-2, and PRMT-5. Among these, the role of PRMT-2 has been shown in breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. To gain more insights into the role of PRMT2 in cancer pathogenesis, we opted to characterize tertiary structure utilizing an <i>in silico</i> approach. The majority of PRMTs in the PDB have a structurally conserved catalytic core domain. Thus, ligand compounds were identified as a possible source of co-crystallized complexes of other PRMTs. The SAM, a methyl group donor, is used as a positive control in order to identify potential inhibitor compounds of PRMT2 by the virtual screening method. We hypothesized that an inhibitor for other PRMTs could alter PRMT2 activities. Out of 45 inhibitor compounds, we ultimately identified three potential inhibitor compounds based on the results of the pharmacokinetics and binding affinity studies. These compounds are identified as 3BQ (PubChem CID: 77620540), 6DX (PubChem CID: 124222721), and TDU (PubChem CID: 53346504). Their binding affinities are -8.5 kcal/mol, -8.1 kcal/mol, and -8.8 kcal/mol, respectively. These compounds will be further investigated to determine the binding stability and compactness using molecular dynamics simulations on a 100 ns time scale. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies may be conducted with these three compounds, and we think that focusing on them might lead to the creation of a PRMT2 inhibitor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Three strong inhibitory compounds that were non-carcinogenic also have drug-like properties. By using desirable parameters in root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg), solvent accessible surface area (SASA), molecular surface area (MolSA), and intermolecular","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 2","pages":"160-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Clinical Features of HBV and HDV Coinfection with HBV Monoinfection: A Study from the Developing World.","authors":"Zain Majid, Ghazi Abrar, Salman Ahsam, Danish Kumar, Raja Taha Yaseen, Abbas Ali Tasneem, Syed Mudassir Laeeq, Nasir Luck","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1441","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B infection remains a significant global health concern, with hepatitis D co-infection observed in approximately 5% of the patients. Treatment options for hepatitis D are currently limited, with most therapies awaiting approval by the FDA. However, there is a lack of comprehensive data on the prevalence and clinical presentation of patients with hepatitis B and D coinfection, particularly in Pakistan. In this study, we aimed to compare demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, laboratory, and endoscopic parameters along with the different treatment options between patients with hepatitis B monoinfection and those with hepatitis B and D coinfection.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Majid Z, Abrar G, Ahsam S, <i>et al.</i> Comparison of Clinical Features of HBV and HDV Coinfection with HBV Mono-Infection: A Study from the Developing World. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(2):151-155.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 2","pages":"151-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overall Survival and the Impact of Albumin-bilirubin Grade in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Data from a Tertiary Care Hospital in a Lower-middle-income Country.","authors":"Mohammad Ss Naviwala, Mahnoor Tariq, Faiza Ahmed, Warda Saleem, Waqas A Khan, Adeeba Zaki, Munira Moosajee, Yasmin A Rashid","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1447","DOIUrl":"10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, limiting their treatment options. The traditional assessment of liver function using the Child-Pugh score has limitations due to its subjectivity. The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade delivers a more precise evaluation of liver function. This study examines overall survival (OS) in advanced HCC patients treated with first-line systemic therapy and the impact of ALBI grading on these outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 104 patients with advanced HCC treated between January 2017 and December 2023 with one of the three first-line therapy options: Sorafenib, lenvatinib or atezolizumab/bevacizumab were retrospectively analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method was utilized to examine the survival results, and the log-rank test was employed to evaluate the variations in survival among ALBI grades and therapy types. Cox proportional hazards regression examined the impact of ALBI grading and other covariates on OS, with a significance threshold of <i>p</i> < 0.05 for the multivariable model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of HCC patients was 58.5 years, with 70% males, and a primary etiology of hepatitis C (43%). The median OS and time to progression (TTP) in this cohort were 9 months and 3.25 months. In ALBI grade I patients, the OS was 21 months, while in grade II or III patients, it was just 5 months. Treatment-related side effects necessitated dose reductions in over 84% of patients. Albumin-bilirubin grade, Child-Pugh class, and treatment modifications due to adverse effects were significant predictors of survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lenvatinib appears to have better survival outcomes compared to other options. The albumin-bilirubin grading is a useful method for evaluating liver function and forecasting survival rates for individuals with HCC.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Our findings support the use of ALBI grading in clinical decision-making for advanced HCC.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Naviwala MSS, Tariq M, Ahmed F, <i>et al.</i> Overall Survival and the Impact of Albumin-bilirubin Grade in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Data from a Tertiary Care Hospital in a Lower-middle-income Country. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2024;14(2):251-257.</p>","PeriodicalId":516317,"journal":{"name":"Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology","volume":"14 2","pages":"251-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11714103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}