The Open AIDS Journal最新文献_第6页

Do Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) in the United States Understand that HIV Serodiscordance is Possible? 美国男男性行为者(MSM)是否了解HIV血清不一致是可能的?

The Open AIDS Journal Pub Date : 2013-05-13 eCollection Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874613620130513001

Bradley H Wagenaar, Kristina L Grabbe, Rob Stephenson, Christine M Khosropour, Patrick S Sullivan

{"title":"Do Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) in the United States Understand that HIV Serodiscordance is Possible?","authors":"Bradley H Wagenaar, Kristina L Grabbe, Rob Stephenson, Christine M Khosropour, Patrick S Sullivan","doi":"10.2174/1874613620130513001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613620130513001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Little is currently known about the extent to which US MSM understand the possibility that a long-term sex partner can have an HIV status different than one's own status. This information is important in the adaptation of Couples Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing (CVCT) for US MSM.Methods: 428 US MSM completed an online survey using MySpace.com from March-April, 2009.Results: Of 426 MSM with complete data, 21.1% (90) were not definitively aware that serodiscordance is possible. Factors associated with a lack of understanding that serodiscordance is possible were: never having tested for HIV (OR: 2.0; CI: 1.1, 3.8), compared to testing 0-6 months previously and having a high school education or less (OR: 2.2; CI: 1.1, 4.5), compared to men who had completed at least some college.Conclusions: A large proportion of young, internet-using MSM in the United States may not understand that HIV serodiscordance is possible within sexual partnerships. Based on these results, we recommend that CVCT provided to male couples in the United States should include education on HIV serodiscordance.","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"7 ","pages":"14-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0b/da/TOAIDJ-7-14.PMC3795399.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31813495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Short Text Messages to Motivate HIV Testing Among Men Who have Sex with Men: A Qualitative Study in Lima, Peru. 短信激励男男性行为者进行艾滋病检测:秘鲁利马的一项定性研究。

The Open AIDS Journal Pub Date : 2013-04-05 Print Date: 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601307010001

Luis A Menacho, Magaly M Blas, Isaac E Alva, E Roberto Orellana

{"title":"Short Text Messages to Motivate HIV Testing Among Men Who have Sex with Men: A Qualitative Study in Lima, Peru.","authors":"Luis A Menacho, Magaly M Blas, Isaac E Alva, E Roberto Orellana","doi":"10.2174/1874613601307010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601307010001","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study is to identify features and content that short message service (SMS) should have in order to motivate HIV testing among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Lima, Peru.Methods: From October, 2010 to February, 2011, we conducted focus groups at two stages; six focus groups were conducted to explore and identify SMS content and features and two additional focus groups were conducted to tailor SMS content. The text messages were elaborated within the theoretical framework of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model and the Social Support Theory.Results: A total of 62 individuals participated in the focus groups. The mean age of participants was 28 years (range 18-39). We identified important features and content items needed for the successful delivery of text messages, including: a) the use of neutral and coded language; b) appropriate frequency and time of delivery; c) avoiding mass and repetitive messages; and d) use of short, concise and creative messages. Although in Peru receiving text messages is usually a free service, it is important to remind participants that receiving messages will be free of charge.Conclusion: Text messages can be used to promote HIV testing among Peruvian MSM. It is important to consider adequate frequency, message content and cost when delivering messages to promote HIV testing in this population.","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"7 ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d2/90/TOAIDJ-7-1.PMC3680995.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31534680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Differences and Similarities in HIV Testing Among Men Who have Sex with Men and Women (MSMW) and Men Who Have Sex with Men Only (MSMO). 与男性和女性发生性行为的男性(MSMW)和仅与男性发生性行为的男性(MSMO)在艾滋病毒检测中的异同。

The Open AIDS Journal Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-07-12 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601206010053

Cathy Maulsby, Frangiscos Sifakis, Danielle German, Colin P Flynn, David Holtgrave

引用次数: 2

Piloting a system for behavioral surveillance among heterosexuals at increased risk of HIV in the United States. 在美国，对感染艾滋病毒风险增加的异性恋者试行行为监测系统。

The Open AIDS Journal Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-09-07 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601206010169

Elizabeth A Dinenno, Alexandra M Oster, Catlainn Sionean, Paul Denning, Amy Lansky

{"title":"Piloting a system for behavioral surveillance among heterosexuals at increased risk of HIV in the United States.","authors":"Elizabeth A Dinenno, Alexandra M Oster, Catlainn Sionean, Paul Denning, Amy Lansky","doi":"10.2174/1874613601206010169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601206010169","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: During the past decade, the number and proportion of reported HIV cases in the United States acquired through heterosexual contact has increased markedly. CDC employs the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) to monitor risk behaviors and HIV prevalence in high-risk populations. To identify a target population for conducting NHBS among heterosexuals at increased risk for HIV (NHBS-HET), CDC designed, implemented and evaluated a pilot study.Methods: The pilot study was conducted in 25 US metropolitan statistical areas in 2006-7. We recruited men and women who reported sex with at least one opposite-sex partner during the past year for a behavioral survey and HIV test. We investigated the relationship between newly diagnosed HIV infection and individual risk behaviors, sexual network characteristics, and social-structural characteristics to arrive at a definition of a heterosexual at increased risk of HIV.Results: Of 14,750 participants in the analysis, 207 (1.4%) had newly diagnosed HIV infection. Using low socioeconomic status (SES) as a criterion for defining a heterosexual at increased risk for HIV resulted in optimal rates of HIV prevalence, specificity, sensitivity and practicality.Conclusions: Results from the NHBS pilot study underscore the key role of social factors as determinants of HIV infection risk among U.S. heterosexuals, and low SES was incorporated into the definition of a heterosexual at increased risk for HIV in NHBS-HET cycles. Future cycles of NHBS-HET will help tailor prevention programs for those populations most at risk of HIV in the US.","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"6 ","pages":"169-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d4/ca/TOAIDJ-6-169.PMC3462336.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30963578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 57

Describing the Chinese HIV surveillance system and the influences of political structures and social stigma. 描述了中国艾滋病监测系统以及政治结构和社会污名的影响。

The Open AIDS Journal Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-09-07 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601206010163

Lei Zhang, Eric Pui Fung Chow, Jun Zhang, Jun Jing, David P Wilson

{"title":"Describing the Chinese HIV surveillance system and the influences of political structures and social stigma.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Eric Pui Fung Chow, Jun Zhang, Jun Jing, David P Wilson","doi":"10.2174/1874613601206010163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601206010163","url":null,"abstract":"China's public health surveillance system for HIV was established in late 1980s and has evolved significantly during the past three decades. With the gradually changing mode of HIV transmission from sharing of intravenous injecting equipment to sexual exposure and the rapid spread of HIV infection among Chinese homosexual men in recent years, an efficient and comprehensive population-level surveillance system for describing epidemics trends and risk behaviours associated with HIV acquisition are essential for effective public health interventions for HIV. The current review describes the overall strength of the Chinese HIV surveillance system and its structural weaknesses from a political and social perspective. The HIV surveillance system in China has undergone substantial revamping leading to a comprehensive, timely and efficient reporting system. However, large data gaps and lack of quality control and sharing of information obstruct the full performance of the system. This is largely due to fragmented authoritarianism brought about by the underlying political structure. Social stigma and discrimination in health institutes are also key barriers for further improvements of HIV diagnosis and surveillance in China.","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"6 ","pages":"163-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8e/8e/TOAIDJ-6-163.PMC3462331.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30963577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Using HIV surveillance data to monitor missed opportunities for linkage and engagement in HIV medical care. 利用艾滋病毒监测数据监测错过的联系和参与艾滋病毒医疗保健的机会。

The Open AIDS Journal Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-09-07 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601206010131

Jeanne Bertolli, R Luke Shouse, Linda Beer, Eduardo Valverde, Jennifer Fagan, Samuel M Jenness, Afework Wogayehu, Christopher Johnson, Alan Neaigus, Daniel Hillman, Maria Courogen, Kathleen A Brady, Barbara Bolden

{"title":"Using HIV surveillance data to monitor missed opportunities for linkage and engagement in HIV medical care.","authors":"Jeanne Bertolli, R Luke Shouse, Linda Beer, Eduardo Valverde, Jennifer Fagan, Samuel M Jenness, Afework Wogayehu, Christopher Johnson, Alan Neaigus, Daniel Hillman, Maria Courogen, Kathleen A Brady, Barbara Bolden","doi":"10.2174/1874613601206010131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601206010131","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring delayed entry to HIV medical care is needed because it signifies that opportunities to prevent HIV transmission and mitigate disease progression have been missed. A central question for population-level monitoring is whether to consider a person linked to care after receipt of one CD4 or VL test. Using HIV surveillance data, we explored two definitions for estimating the number of HIV-diagnosed persons not linked to HIV medical care. We used receipt of at least one CD4 or VL test (definition 1) and two or more CD4 or VL tests (definition 2) to define linkage to care within 12 months and within 42 months of HIV diagnosis. In five jurisdictions, persons diagnosed from 12/2006-12/2008 who had not died or moved away and who had zero, or less than two reported CD4 or VL tests by 7/31/2010 were considered not linked to care under definitions 1 and 2, respectively. Among 13,600 persons followed up for 19-42 months; 1,732 (13%) had no reported CD4 or VL tests; 2,332 persons (17%) had only one CD4 or VL test and 9,536 persons (70%) had two or more CD4 or VL tests. To summarize, after more than 19 months, 30% of persons diagnosed with HIV had less than two CD4 or VL tests; more than half of them were considered to have entered care if entering care is defined as having one CD4 or VL test. Defining linkage to care as a single CD4 or VL may overestimate entry into care, particularly for certain subgroups.","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"6 ","pages":"131-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8e/3a/TOAIDJ-6-131.PMC3462334.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30963573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Comparison of HIV/AIDS rates between U.S.-born Blacks and African-born Blacks in Utah, 2000 - 2009. 2000 - 2009年犹他州在美国出生的黑人和在非洲出生的黑人艾滋病感染率的比较。

The Open AIDS Journal Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-09-07 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601206010156

Crystal Ashton, Scott A Bernhardt, Mike Lowe, Matthew Mietchen, Jim Johnston

{"title":"Comparison of HIV/AIDS rates between U.S.-born Blacks and African-born Blacks in Utah, 2000 - 2009.","authors":"Crystal Ashton, Scott A Bernhardt, Mike Lowe, Matthew Mietchen, Jim Johnston","doi":"10.2174/1874613601206010156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601206010156","url":null,"abstract":"The Utah Department of Health currently groups African-born blacks with U.S.-born blacks when reporting HIV/AIDS surveillance data. Studies suggest that categorizing HIV/AIDS cases in this manner may mask important epidemiological trends, and the distinct differences between these two populations warrant disaggregating data prior to reporting. The purpose of this study was to characterize the HIV/AIDS positive populations in U.S. and African-born blacks in Utah and evaluate the need for disaggregating the two groups. A total of 1,111 cases were identified through the statewide electronic HIV/AIDS Reporting System from 2000 - 2009. Data were analyzed for prevalence of HIV diagnosis for African-born blacks, U.S.-born blacks, and U.S.-born whites. Secondary analysis included HIV diagnosis by age, sex, African region of nativity, transmission risk factors, and differences in late diagnosis of HIV infection. U.S.-born whites accounted for 914 (82.3%) cases, and had the lowest annual prevalence (4/100,000). Conversely, African-born and U.S.- born blacks had the highest prevalence, 162/100,000 and 24/100,000 respectively. African-born blacks made up 0.25% of the total population, but accounted for 7.9% of all HIV/AIDS cases. African-born black males were more likely to report \"no reported risk\" for HIV transmission than U.S.-born black males. Of African-born blacks, 55.7% reported East-African nativity. These results demonstrate the importance of stratifying the black/African American racial category by African-born and U.S.-born blacks when collecting and reporting HIV/AIDS state surveillance data even in a low-incidence state,which will better inform prevention and linkage-to-care efforts in Utah.","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"6 ","pages":"156-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/05/78/TOAIDJ-6-156.PMC3462555.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30963576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Internet-based methods may reach higher-risk men who have sex with men not reached through venue-based sampling. 基于互联网的方法可以覆盖到高风险的男性，这些男性与通过场所抽样无法接触到的男性发生性关系。

The Open AIDS Journal Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-09-07 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601206010083

Travis Sanchez, Amanda Smith, Damian Denson, Elizabeth Dinenno, Amy Lansky

{"title":"Internet-based methods may reach higher-risk men who have sex with men not reached through venue-based sampling.","authors":"Travis Sanchez, Amanda Smith, Damian Denson, Elizabeth Dinenno, Amy Lansky","doi":"10.2174/1874613601206010083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601206010083","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Internet-based sampling methods may reach men who have sex with men (MSM) who don't attend physical venues frequented by MSM and may be at higher risk of HIV infection.Methods: Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine characteristics of adult MSM participants in 2 studies conducted in the same 5 U.S. cities: the 2003-2005 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) which used sampling from physical MSM venues (e.g., bars, clubs) and the 2007 Web-based HIV Behavioral Surveillance (WHBS) pilot which used sampling through online banner advertisements.Results: Among 5024 WHBS MSM, 95% attended a physical MSM venue in the past 12 months, and 75% attended weekly. WHBS MSM who were black, aged 18-21 years, not college educated, bisexual- or heterosexual-identifying, and reported unknown HIV serostatus were less likely to have attended a physical MSM venue in the past 12 months (all p<0.01). Compared to NHBS MSM, WHBS MSM were more likely to be white, younger, college-educated, report unknown HIV serostatus, report unprotected anal intercourse with a casual partner, and have first met that partner online (all p<0.0001). WHBS MSM were less likely to have been under the influence of drugs during most recent sex (p=0.01) or not know their sex partner's HIV serostatus (p<0.0001).Conclusions: Many MSM recruited online also attended physical venues, but attendance varied by sub-group. Participants in WHBS and NHBS differed, and WHBS may represent a group of MSM at higher risk of HIV infection. These findings suggest that an internet-based method may be a useful supplement to NHBS.","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"6 ","pages":"83-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1b/93/TOAIDJ-6-83.PMC3462429.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30964134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

Developing a Web-Based HIV Behavioral Surveillance Pilot Project Among Men Who Have Sex with Men. 在男男性行为者中开展基于网络的艾滋病毒行为监测试点项目。

The Open AIDS Journal Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-10-05 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601206010224

Travis Sanchez, Amanda Smith, Damian Denson, Elizabeth Dinenno, Amy Lansky

{"title":"Developing a Web-Based HIV Behavioral Surveillance Pilot Project Among Men Who Have Sex with Men.","authors":"Travis Sanchez, Amanda Smith, Damian Denson, Elizabeth Dinenno, Amy Lansky","doi":"10.2174/1874613601206010224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601206010224","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A web-based HIV behavioral surveillance system (WHBS) has potential to collect behavioral data from men who have sex with men (MSM) not reached through traditional sampling methods. Six U.S. cities conducted a WHBS pilot in 2005-2007 to determine the feasibility to conduct a behavioral surveillance project entirely on the internet.Methods: THREE SAMPLING METHODS OF ADULT MSM ON THE INTERNET WERE EXPLORED: direct marketing (DM) using banner advertisements; respondent-driven sampling (RDS) using peer recruitment; and venue-based sampling (VBS) using internet venues.Results: A total of 8,434 complete MSM surveys were obtained: 8,109 through DM, 130 through RDS, and 195 through VBS. By methods, enrollment rates ranged from 70-90%; completion rates ranged from 67-95%. DM obtained the largest proportions of racial/ethnic minority MSM (36%) and MSM 18-20 years (19%).Conclusions: Only the DM method achieved a substantial number of complete MSM surveys. Successful implementation of an internet-based systematic sampling method may be problematic, but a convenience sample of MSM using banner advertisements is feasible and may produce useful and timely behavioral information from a large number of MSM.","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"6 ","pages":"224-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2f/04/TOAIDJ-6-224.PMC3474941.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30997373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Auditing national HIV guidelines and policies: The United Kingdom CD4 Surveillance Scheme. 审计国家艾滋病毒指导方针和政策:联合王国CD4监测计划。

The Open AIDS Journal Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-09-07 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601206010149

Alison E Brown, Meaghan M Kall, Ruth D Smith, Zheng Yin, Alan Hunter, Alan Hunter, Valerie C Delpech

{"title":"Auditing national HIV guidelines and policies: The United Kingdom CD4 Surveillance Scheme.","authors":"Alison E Brown, Meaghan M Kall, Ruth D Smith, Zheng Yin, Alan Hunter, Alan Hunter, Valerie C Delpech","doi":"10.2174/1874613601206010149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874613601206010149","url":null,"abstract":"The United Kingdom's CD4 surveillance scheme monitors CD4 cell counts among HIV patients and is a national resource for HIV surveillance. It has driven public health policy and allowed auditing of national HIV testing, treatment and care guidelines. WE DEMONSTRATE ITS UTILITY THROUGH FOUR EXAMPLE OUTPUTS: median CD4 count at HIV diagnosis; late HIV diagnosis and short-term mortality; the timing of first CD4 count to indicate entry into HIV care; and the proportion of patients with CD4 counts <350 cells/mm3 receiving anti-retroviral therapy (ARV). In 2009, 95% (61,502/64,420) of adults living with diagnosed HIV infection had CD4 counts available. The median CD4 count at diagnosis increased from 276 to 335 cells/mm3 between 2000 and 2009, indicating modest improvements in HIV testing. In 2009, 52% of patients were diagnosed at a late stage of HIV infection (CD4 <350 cells/mm(3)); these individuals had a ten-fold risk of dying within a year of their diagnosis compared to those diagnosed promptly. In 2008, the national target of performing a CD4 count within 14 days of diagnosis was met for 61% of patients. National treatment guidelines have largely been met with 83% patients with CD4 <350 cells/mm(3) receiving ARV. The monitoring of CD4 counts is critical to HIV surveillance in the United Kingdom enabling the close monitoring of efforts to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with late diagnosis and underpins the auditing of policies and guidelines. These routine surveillance outputs can be generated at national and local levels to drive and monitor public health policy and prevention efforts.","PeriodicalId":515834,"journal":{"name":"The Open AIDS Journal","volume":"6 ","pages":"149-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3e/fc/TOAIDJ-6-149.PMC3462369.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30963575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28