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Polarization and Persuasion: Engaging Sociology in the Moral Universe of a Divided Democracy 两极分化与说服：社会学介入分裂民主的道德世界
IF 2.4 3区 社会学
Sociological Perspectives Pub Date : 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.1177/07311214221124443
Dennis J. Downey
{"title":"Polarization and Persuasion: Engaging Sociology in the Moral Universe of a Divided Democracy","authors":"Dennis J. Downey","doi":"10.1177/07311214221124443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07311214221124443","url":null,"abstract":"Our divided democracy—characterized by partisan polarization and moralized opposition—presents significant challenges to sociologists who would use our discipline to create a more just society. I focus here on the strategic role of, and need for, deeper engagement across the political divide. I review current research on polarization—increasingly focused on attitudinal consolidation and partisan identity—to emphasize challenges to and opportunities for persuasion. I call for increased engagement in three strategic subfields of sociology: (1) social movements, to integrate persuasion more centrally into theories and research on collective social action; (2) social psychology, to engage the interdisciplinary field of moral cognition to develop effective strategies for persuasion; and (3) rural sociology, to understand more deeply the perspectives and moral frameworks essential to engagement across the divide.","PeriodicalId":47781,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Perspectives","volume":"65 1","pages":"1029 - 1051"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49534782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Walking That Fine Line: Doulas as Overseers of Evidence-based Practice 走在那条细线上:导乐作为循证实践的监督者
IF 2.4 3区 社会学
Sociological Perspectives Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.1177/07311214221121161
M. M. Henley
{"title":"Walking That Fine Line: Doulas as Overseers of Evidence-based Practice","authors":"M. M. Henley","doi":"10.1177/07311214221121161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07311214221121161","url":null,"abstract":"Doulas provide individualized support during labor and childbirth. Research has consistently shown that having doulas support increases positive physical and psychological outcomes. Professional medical organizations have begun to recognize the evidence showing the positive effects of doula support. Even though professional organizations recommend doulas to reduce non-medically indicated treatments such as overuse of cesarean delivery, many practitioners uphold their authority to intervene as they see necessary. I utilize interviews with 25 doulas to explore how doulas use scientific evidence to ensure that women receive appropriate care. Results indicate that doulas do not think that many obstetricians follow evidence-based practices; doulas feel compelled to serve as overseers who remind medical staff about the clinical guidelines. In addition, doulas use evidence to prepare mothers to confront providers. I argue that while doulas can help close gaps, obstetric medicine needs to implement evidence-based strategies more systemically to improve care for all women.","PeriodicalId":47781,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Perspectives","volume":"66 1","pages":"375 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42364938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Durkheim’s Failed Darwinian Encounter: Missed Opportunities on the Path to a Post-exemptionalist Environmental Sociology 涂尔干失败的达尔文主义相遇:后豁免主义环境社会学道路上的错失机会
IF 2.4 3区 社会学
Sociological Perspectives Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.1177/07311214221121164
Paul Joseph McLaughlin
{"title":"Durkheim’s Failed Darwinian Encounter: Missed Opportunities on the Path to a Post-exemptionalist Environmental Sociology","authors":"Paul Joseph McLaughlin","doi":"10.1177/07311214221121164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07311214221121164","url":null,"abstract":"The philosophical underpinnings of Durkheim’s failed Darwinian encounter have been neglected by environmental and mainstream sociologists. Although he claimed to employ Darwinian insights, Durkheim wrote during the eclipse of population thinking by an essentialist revival in biology. His inability to grasp the former and embrace of a specific variety of the latter explain the limitations and contradictions in his incipient environmental sociology and challenge the broader disciplinary myth that Durkheim discovered a new approach to theorizing society. Even his repudiation of Lamarckian analogies relied upon and reinforced his more fundamental commitment to essentialism. That commitment has contributed to the persistence of developmentalism within sociology and delayed a second Darwinian revolution. Seizing the opportunity that Durkheim missed by confronting the deeper lessons of the first Darwinian revolution offers the best hope for constructing a post-exemptionalist theory of societal-environmental interactions and addressing enduring disciplinary concerns with structural diversity and human agency.","PeriodicalId":47781,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Perspectives","volume":"66 1","pages":"173 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47154854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intersectional Criminalization: How Chicanas Experience and Navigate Criminalization through Interpersonal Relationships with Latino Men and Boys 交叉犯罪化:墨西哥人如何通过与拉丁裔男子和男孩的人际关系经历和导航犯罪化
IF 2.4 3区 社会学
Sociological Perspectives Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/07311214221121336
Veronica Lerma
{"title":"Intersectional Criminalization: How Chicanas Experience and Navigate Criminalization through Interpersonal Relationships with Latino Men and Boys","authors":"Veronica Lerma","doi":"10.1177/07311214221121336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07311214221121336","url":null,"abstract":"Recent work has begun to investigate how criminalization is mediated through interpersonal relationships. While this research emphasizes the importance of gender dynamics and cross-gender intimate relations for boys and men of color, little is known about how gendered and sexualized relationships matter for criminalized women and girls of color. This study seeks to fill this knowledge gap and asks: How do system-involved Chicanas’ relationships with men and boys shape their experiences of criminalization over the life course? How do they navigate criminalization through men and boys? While previous research suggests that young men of color may avoid criminalization through their relationships with young women of color, life-history interviews with formerly incarcerated and system-impacted Chicanas reveal that relationships with Latino men and boys exacerbated their experiences of criminalization. Utilizing an intersectional criminalization framework, I argue that racialized, gendered, and heteronormative assumptions about Latinas’ interpersonal relationships condition criminalization over the life course. Chicanas employed two strategies to navigate criminalization through men and boys, both of which came at a cost to their wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":47781,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Perspectives","volume":"66 1","pages":"311 - 330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42790287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Returning Biology to Evolutionary Sociology: Reflections on the Conceptual Hiatuses of “New Evolutionary Sociology” as a Vantage Point 让生物学回归进化社会学:对“新进化社会学”概念缺失的思考
IF 2.4 3区 社会学
Sociological Perspectives Pub Date : 2022-08-25 DOI: 10.1177/07311214221119256
Wing-chung Ho
{"title":"Returning Biology to Evolutionary Sociology: Reflections on the Conceptual Hiatuses of “New Evolutionary Sociology” as a Vantage Point","authors":"Wing-chung Ho","doi":"10.1177/07311214221119256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07311214221119256","url":null,"abstract":"Decades of scholarly efforts to reignite the theoretical integration between sociology and biology have come to partial fruition in the birth of evolutionary sociology at the turn of the twentieth-first century. This paper examines one of the most elaborated versions of the paradigm—“new evolutionary sociology” (NES)—proposed by Jonathan H. Turner and colleagues. NES emphasizes purposeful, multilevel selective pressure targeted at corporate units, groups, or societies—rather than the blind, Darwinian natural selection on individuals—from which institutional systems are developed. Despite its contribution, NES possesses conceptual lacunae that have fettered NES in specific and evolutionary sociology in general from becoming a novel and truly evolutionary-cum-sociological paradigm in explaining social phenomena. This paper identifies three conceptual hiatuses of NES, in that it lacks due deliberation of (1) the gene-culture interaction that bridges individual behaviors—via natural, sexual, group, and multilevel selections—with the emerging sociocultural formations; (2) the epistemic role of fitness as a post factum propensity in empirical analysis; and (3) the concept of causal mechanism utilized to explain the diverse paths leading to the emergent phenomena.","PeriodicalId":47781,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Perspectives","volume":"66 1","pages":"123 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44681302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Controlling Defiance: An Examination of School Social Control in California School Districts 控制反抗:加州学区对学校社会控制的考察
IF 2.4 3区 社会学
Sociological Perspectives Pub Date : 2022-08-25 DOI: 10.1177/07311214221116661
David M. Ramey, Brittany N. Freelin
{"title":"Controlling Defiance: An Examination of School Social Control in California School Districts","authors":"David M. Ramey, Brittany N. Freelin","doi":"10.1177/07311214221116661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07311214221116661","url":null,"abstract":"U.S. schools suspend 2.5 million children each school year. Although states mandate suspensions for serious offenses, most students are suspended for minor transgressions, such as “willful defiance” of authority. Moreover, districts suspend students of color for minor issues at higher rates than White children. In response, California banned suspension for “willful defiance” in elementary schools statewide in 2015 and larger districts eliminated the practice for all grades throughout the 2010s. In this article, we use California Department of Education (CDE) data from 2011 to 2018 to determine: (1) whether banning suspension for willful defiance changes school district suspension rates; (2) whether these bans are associated with changes in special education enrollment; and (3) how these relationships differ by the race/ethnicity of the student.","PeriodicalId":47781,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Perspectives","volume":"66 1","pages":"276 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43497106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Primed for Backlash: Among Whom Does Demographic Change Provoke Anti-Immigration Attitudes? 为反弹做好准备:人口变化在谁中间激起反移民态度?
IF 2.4 3区 社会学
Sociological Perspectives Pub Date : 2022-08-13 DOI: 10.1177/07311214221116660
C. Maggio
{"title":"Primed for Backlash: Among Whom Does Demographic Change Provoke Anti-Immigration Attitudes?","authors":"C. Maggio","doi":"10.1177/07311214221116660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07311214221116660","url":null,"abstract":"Past research has explored which factors are important in understanding immigration attitudes, incorporating economic, cultural, and political components, among others. Simultaneously, a literature linking local demographic context to immigration attitudes has developed, in part to identify under what conditions demographic change might increase immigration Backlash. I combine these literatures by examining what characteristics and/or contexts for U.S.-born Whites predict Backlash to demographic change. I find evidence that county-level Hispanic growth predicts a preference for reducing immigration among three groups: those without a four-year degree, those identifying as political Independents, and those reporting a decrease in household income. These results provide a framework for understanding how immigration policy attitudes may evolve for different groups in the context of demographic change.","PeriodicalId":47781,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Perspectives","volume":"66 1","pages":"93 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65423461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
One and Many Asian America: Intra-Asian Ethnic Boundaries and Intermarriage 一个和多个亚裔美国人：亚洲内部的种族边界和通婚
IF 2.4 3区 社会学
Sociological Perspectives Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.1177/07311214221114297
J. Lee
{"title":"One and Many Asian America: Intra-Asian Ethnic Boundaries and Intermarriage","authors":"J. Lee","doi":"10.1177/07311214221114297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07311214221114297","url":null,"abstract":"As a racialized pan-ethnic group, Asian Americans exhibit ethnically heterogeneous structural and cultural characteristics, but such heterogeneity and its implications for Asian Americans’ pan-ethnic groupness were seldom explored empirically. Using the American Community Survey and the 2016 National Asian American Survey datasets, this paper examines intra-Asian symbolic and socioeconomic boundaries and boundary processes captured in Asian interethnic marriage. I find prominent intra-Asian boundaries distinguishing exceptionally disadvantaged refugee-origin Southeast Asians, yet intra-Asian marriages still occur across these boundaries. This mismatch between intra-Asian boundaries and marriage patterns reflects loose and often unstable interpretations of ethnic similarities and differences. Together, my findings reveal Asian Americans’ contextually salient interpretations of ethnic heterogeneity behind intra-Asian boundary processes, which further reinforce the socially constructed notion of Asian Americans as a racialized group.","PeriodicalId":47781,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Perspectives","volume":"66 1","pages":"71 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49201128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Damned If You Do, Damned If You Don’t”: Perceived Discrimination and the Paradoxes of Assimilation among U.S. Muslims “你做就该死，你不做就该死”:美国穆斯林之间的感知歧视和同化悖论
IF 2.4 3区 社会学
Sociological Perspectives Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.1177/07311214221114294
Kenneth R Vaughan, Jerry Z. Park, Joshua C. Tom, Murat Yilmaz
{"title":"“Damned If You Do, Damned If You Don’t”: Perceived Discrimination and the Paradoxes of Assimilation among U.S. Muslims","authors":"Kenneth R Vaughan, Jerry Z. Park, Joshua C. Tom, Murat Yilmaz","doi":"10.1177/07311214221114294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07311214221114294","url":null,"abstract":"Muslim Americans are a fast-growing minority group within the United States, both demographically and in the public consciousness. National surveys place them among the least liked groups in the U.S. cultural landscape, and throughout the twenty-first century they have often been the target of both high-profile vitriol and common daily abuses. We use logistic regression analyses of nationally representative data from the Pew Research Center’s 2011 Survey of American Muslims to better understand the social predictors of experiencing discrimination among American Muslims. Integrating these analyses with existing literature on minority group assimilation, we find that both patterns of assimilation and resistance to assimilation positively predict experiences of discrimination. These results suggest that American Muslims face no unequivocal path away from discriminatory experiences and inhabit a precarious place where assimilation presents more opportunities for exposure to discrimination and resistance to assimilation leads to sanctions from the dominant culture.","PeriodicalId":47781,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Perspectives","volume":"66 1","pages":"49 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42200382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Maladies of Infinite Aspiration”: Smartphones, Meaning-Seeking, and Anomigenesis “无限渴望的Maladies”：智能手机、意义寻求和厌食症
IF 2.4 3区 社会学
Sociological Perspectives Pub Date : 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.1177/07311214221114296
J. J. Nelson, C. Pieper
{"title":"“Maladies of Infinite Aspiration”: Smartphones, Meaning-Seeking, and Anomigenesis","authors":"J. J. Nelson, C. Pieper","doi":"10.1177/07311214221114296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07311214221114296","url":null,"abstract":"Smartphones have become a ubiquitous part of everyday life, and attachment to these devices is a felt reality for many Americans. This paper describes the link between smartphone attachment and the pursuit of meaning and purpose in life. Analyses reveal meaning-seeking as a positive correlate of smartphone attachment. However, while interaction effects suggest that meaning-seeking through heavy social media and Internet use decreases the odds of smartphone attachment, meaning-seeking is strongly related to attachment at lower levels of daily media use. Also, having a satisfying life purpose decreases the odds of smartphone attachment, though this protective effect is not as strong as meaning-seeking in the final models. We conclude that smartphone attachment, within a context of latent anomie, could be anomigenic, inadvertently exacerbating feelings of despair while simultaneously promising to resolve them. Findings provide a sociological link between smartphone attachment and the negative psychosocial outcomes described in the literature.","PeriodicalId":47781,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Perspectives","volume":"66 1","pages":"28 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47151218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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