{"title":"Tax evasion, education and shadow economy","authors":"Salvatore Ciucci","doi":"10.1007/s10644-024-09732-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09732-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of the paper is to evaluate the influence of education on tax evasion. This study proposes a theoretical model, in which an agent can choose to allocate his labor effort between two production technologies. Higher levels of education lead to more skilled and specialized workers, and the tax authority can observe the use of advanced tools and equipment. The main result is that an increase in the general level of education leads to a labor effort substitution effect, showing that higher education can reduce tax evasion and the size of the shadow economy. Both static and dynamic estimation techniques are employed to test the theoretical findings, using a sample of 133 countries, over the period 2001–2020. The empirical analysis confirms the significant negative association between education and shadow economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46127,"journal":{"name":"Economic Change and Restructuring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141742149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of international tourism on environmental quality and renewable energy use in Africa: a study of the moderating role of governance institutions","authors":"Obed I. Ojonta, Jonathan E. Ogbuabor","doi":"10.1007/s10644-024-09731-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09731-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated how international tourism is impacting on environmental quality and renewable energy use in Africa, and how governance institutions on the continent are moderating these relationships. We employed the system GMM technique with a panel of 31 African economies from 2011 to 2020. We find that while international tourism is not a significant driver of environmental quality in Africa, it is significantly hampering renewable energy use on the continent. We also find that even though the unconditional effects of governance institutions on environmental quality are predominantly muted, their moderation role in the tourism-environmental quality relationship indicates that they offer potent channels for enhancing the contribution of the tourism sector toward improved environmental quality in Africa. Our results further indicate that governance institutions in Africa are significantly hampering the use of renewable energy, while their moderation role on the tourism-renewable energy use relationship is mainly muted. These findings generally highlight the fact that Africa is yet to harness its tourism potentials, while simultaneously dealing with the challenge of weak governance institutions. Among others, we recommended that policymakers and leaders in Africa should work together to harness the tourism potentials of the region and improve the quality of governance institutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46127,"journal":{"name":"Economic Change and Restructuring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141567483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of democracy and corruption paradox on economic growth: MINT countries","authors":"Asiye Tutuncu, Yasar Bayraktar","doi":"10.1007/s10644-024-09726-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09726-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the impact of democracy and corruption on the economic growth of Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey over the 1975–2022 period. Utilizing the Fractional Frequency Flexible Fourier Panel Cointegration and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares coefficient estimator, two models are employed to test hypotheses regarding economic growth. The findings reveal that democracy plays an upgrading role in the economic growth of all MINT countries, while the effect of corruption varies. In Indonesia and Mexico, corruption has a positive impact on growth, reflecting the effect of democracy, whereas Nigeria and Turkey experience a negative impact. The democracy model supports the compatibility hypothesis for all countries, asserting a positive link between democracy and economic growth. However, the corruption model yields divergent results, with Nigeria and Turkey aligning with the “grease in the wheels” hypothesis, implying that corruption can facilitate economic growth by bypassing bureaucratic obstacles, while Indonesia and Mexico support the \"sand in the wheels\" hypothesis, indicating that corruption hinders economic growth. This highlights the need for governments to strengthen institutions through transparency, accountability, and credibility via robust oversight and governance mechanisms. Therefore, democratic advancement, streamlined bureaucracy, and anti-corruption policies are imperative for sustainable economic growth and welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":46127,"journal":{"name":"Economic Change and Restructuring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141551312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Big data and inter-firm wage disparities: theory and evidence from China","authors":"Han Bu, Zhou Xun, Sha Cai","doi":"10.1007/s10644-024-09729-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09729-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46127,"journal":{"name":"Economic Change and Restructuring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhengang Zhang, Peilun Li, Liangxiong Huang, Yichen Kang
{"title":"The impact of artificial intelligence on green transformation of manufacturing enterprises: evidence from China","authors":"Zhengang Zhang, Peilun Li, Liangxiong Huang, Yichen Kang","doi":"10.1007/s10644-024-09730-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09730-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46127,"journal":{"name":"Economic Change and Restructuring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141683482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Subhan, Aqsa Anjum, M. N. Zamir, Dervis Kirikkaleli
{"title":"Do energy, inflation, and financial development stimulate economic welfare in India? Empirical insights from novel dynamic ARDL and KRLS simulations","authors":"Mohammad Subhan, Aqsa Anjum, M. N. Zamir, Dervis Kirikkaleli","doi":"10.1007/s10644-024-09723-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09723-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study focuses on investigating the effect of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption (REC and NREC), financial development (FD), and inflation (INF) on economic welfare (EW) in India during 1990–2019. In this research, we employ a novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lag model and a kernel-based machine learning algorithm and regularise least squares to detect causal linkages among the variables. To measure the economic welfare index, this research uses the PCA analysis with GDP, human capital, environmental damage, number of employed persons, life expectancy at birth, and real consumption in households and by the government. According to the findings, the NREC and FD have been favourably contributing to EW. Conversely, the EW is adversely affected by REC. However, INF also has an adverse impact on EW, although it may be insignificant in the long run and significant in the short run.</p>","PeriodicalId":46127,"journal":{"name":"Economic Change and Restructuring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Economic policy uncertainty and remittances: mediating role of foreign exchange rate","authors":"Waqas Bin Khidmat, Nayar Rafique, Muhammad Umar","doi":"10.1007/s10644-024-09725-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09725-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent studies provide evidence that economic policy uncertainty (EPU) is linked with the workers' remittances, yet the channel through which EPU affects the workers' remittances has been less explored. To understand the above said channel, this study uses monthly data from Pakistan, which ranges from January 2015 to November 2022. Based on the results obtained by using different econometric techniques, this study provides evidence that the foreign exchange rate mediates the relationship between EPU (both global and domestic) and workers' remittances. Additionally, it finds that the domestic EPU mediates the relationship between the global EPU and the exchange rate. Interestingly, the results highlight the limited influence of altruistic motives on remittances instead the findings suggest the prevalence of self-interest as the dominant driving factor behind workers’ remittances in the case of Pakistan. The findings of this study have implications for policymakers and stakeholders in formulating effective strategies to harness the potential of workers’ remittances for economic development and welfare enhancement in Pakistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":46127,"journal":{"name":"Economic Change and Restructuring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of consistent regime-specific policies in recovering the negative relationship between financial development and economic growth","authors":"Abdul Rahman, Muhammad Arshad Khan","doi":"10.1007/s10644-024-09722-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09722-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This synopsis empirically showed that the negative relationship between financial development and economic growth can be reversed through consistent policies in Pakistan. To empirically test this argument, the study utilized the data between 1977 and 2022 from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators, the Pakistan Economic Survey, and the Annual Reports of the State Bank of Pakistan. Markov switching methodology was used to capture the regime-specific impact of financial development on economic growth. The novelty of this study lies in the investigation of the role of regime-specific and consistent financial sector policies in recovering the positive finance–growth nexus. Stable and consistent financial sector policies are pivotal to reversing the adverse impact of financial development on economic growth because spurts and reversals in financial and real sector policies hindered the economic growth process in Pakistan. Notably, the findings suggest that the finance–growth relationship depends not only on macroeconomic variables but past performance of the financial sector is an important incentive. Besides, the results reveal that the inflation rate deters economic growth. The study found that the contemporaneous effect of financial development on economic growth is negative and it turns out to be positive after two years. This confirms the nonlinearities between the financial development and economic growth relationship in Pakistan. To this end, policymakers may consider the lag effect while designing financial sector policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46127,"journal":{"name":"Economic Change and Restructuring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shanqing Liu, Shaolong Wang, Huwei Wen, Congxian He, Huan Liu
{"title":"Public support policies and entrepreneurship in less-developed areas: a study of China’s revolutionary base areas","authors":"Shanqing Liu, Shaolong Wang, Huwei Wen, Congxian He, Huan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10644-024-09724-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09724-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46127,"journal":{"name":"Economic Change and Restructuring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141335479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring unbalanced impacts of exchange rate volatility on the shadow economy: new evidence from BRICS nations","authors":"Nenavath Sreenu","doi":"10.1007/s10644-024-09727-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10644-024-09727-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46127,"journal":{"name":"Economic Change and Restructuring","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}