Voprosy Ekonomiki最新文献_第2页

Modern economic theory and stylized facts 现代经济理论和典型事实

IF 0.7

Voprosy Ekonomiki Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.32609/0042-8736-2024-7-5-24

V. Dementiev

{"title":"Modern economic theory and stylized facts","authors":"V. Dementiev","doi":"10.32609/0042-8736-2024-7-5-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2024-7-5-24","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the role of stylized facts in the formation and implementation of a research program. The state of modern economic theory is considered from the standpoint of using the generalization method as one of the main methods of scientific knowledge. Three potential sources of weakness in theoretical research have been identified: insufficient attention to stylized facts, a shortage of such facts themselves, and ignoring the possibilities of reducing this deficit. Insufficient attention is illustrated, in particular, by the example of a macroeconomic description of technological renewal of production. Even advanced models of macroeconomic dynamics tend to ignore the existence of a period of simultaneous development of old and new technologies, during which the new ones used are still inferior in their characteristics to the old technologies. In the context of the transition to digital technologies, it becomes especially important to take into account the effects of scale characteristic of these technologies, but they are not taken into account in the new neoclassical synthesis. Modern digital technologies open up prospects for the formation of “quasi-stylized” facts with the help of models capable of simulating long-term experience of economic development in a short time. The peculiarity of stylized facts for different time periods is due to the use of specialized theories for individual stages of economic development.","PeriodicalId":45534,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Ekonomiki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141667285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factors affecting the probability of employment of officially registered unemployed 影响正式登记失业人员就业概率的因素

IF 0.7

Voprosy Ekonomiki Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.32609/0042-8736-2024-7-112-135

M. Giltman, A. Merzlyakova, R. F. Murzagulova

{"title":"Factors affecting the probability of employment of officially registered unemployed","authors":"M. Giltman, A. Merzlyakova, R. F. Murzagulova","doi":"10.32609/0042-8736-2024-7-112-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2024-7-112-135","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the factors influencing the duration of registered unemployment and the probability of employment after it. Such an analysis is important for determining the target direction of active and passive state labor market policies and transitioning to evidence-based policy implementation. The empirical basis of the study consists of impersonal microdata on the characteristics of citizens officially considered as unemployed and the services they received in 2017—2019. We assess the probability of exit and the duration of staying in registered unemployment using survival analysis methods (Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan—Meier survival function). Our results showed that higher education together with high qualification level of women and belonging to the group of skilled workers of men, increased the likelihood of transition from registered unemployment to permanent work. Women with low education and qualification levels living in rural areas move faster into temporary employment. The research findings are relevant for developing policies aimed at increasing the efficiency of employment centers especially those providing services toward rural unemployed.","PeriodicalId":45534,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Ekonomiki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

To a discussion on the shifting mode of reproduction 讨论再生产模式的转变

IF 0.7

Voprosy Ekonomiki Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.32609/0042-8736-2024-7-136-153

V. Mayevsky, S. Malkov, A. A. Rubinstein

引用次数: 0

Assessment of the economic availability of food in Russia in the context of food security 从粮食安全角度评估俄罗斯粮食的经济可得性

IF 0.8

Voprosy Ekonomiki Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-73-95

N. I. Shagaida, V. Y. Uzun, D. S. Ternovskiy, E. A. Shishkina

{"title":"Assessment of the economic availability of food in Russia in the context of food security","authors":"N. I. Shagaida, V. Y. Uzun, D. S. Ternovskiy, E. A. Shishkina","doi":"10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-73-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-73-95","url":null,"abstract":"The Russian Doctrine of Food Security is built within the framework of the international approach, where food security is understood not only in its specific Russian context but also as economic accessibility for “everyone” to safe and adequate nutrition (interpreted in Russia by rational norms). However, the question of how accessible adequate food is to “everyone” in Russia remains unexplored. This article applies an approach to assessing the economic access of “everyone” to food based on the ratio of food expenditures (at home, out of home, cost of natural inputs) and the cost of a rational food set in households. The calculation takes into account the age and gender composition of households, which leads to the differentiation of a unified rational food set per person in the family, as well as the economy of scale, where families with more members require less expenditure per person to provide adequate nutrition. These calculations allowed for the assessment of the population share with varying levels of food access in Russia and its regions, determining food shortage in households at a spatial level, which is valuable for discussing the organization of food aid in the Russian Federation. This approach has led to a significant reassessment of the situation regarding food security of families across the country and its regions, providing additional arguments in discussing forms of aid for low-income families.","PeriodicalId":45534,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Ekonomiki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scenario modeling of increasing the minimum wage: estimating impact on monetary poverty 提高最低工资的情景模式：估计对货币贫困的影响

IF 0.8

Voprosy Ekonomiki Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-133-149

E. A. Gorina, S. A. Ter-Akopov, A. А. Chervyakova, S. Biryukova, O. Sinyavskaya

{"title":"Scenario modeling of increasing the minimum wage: estimating impact on monetary poverty","authors":"E. A. Gorina, S. A. Ter-Akopov, A. А. Chervyakova, S. Biryukova, O. Sinyavskaya","doi":"10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-133-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-133-149","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents scenario modeling of the effects of an increase in the minimum wage on the population income and the poverty rate and gap in Russia. The authors use data from the Rosstat Survey of Population Income and Participation in Social Programs and consider three scenarios for increasing the minimum wage ranging from 6.3% (actual increase in 2023) to a radical increase to a value corresponding to 1.5 subsistence levels of a working-age citizen. The estimates accounting for a number of assumptions about the reaction of the labor market show that an increase in the minimum wage in a given range leads to a weak or moderate increase in per capita income, poverty gap, and poverty rate. Even within the radical scenario, the reduction in poverty rate ranges from –16% to –19% of the initial percentage, and the reduction in the total income deficit ranges from –12% to –17%. The main factors limiting the impact of increasing the minimum wage on the monetary poverty rate are related to the structure of Russian households. On the one hand, two thirds of Russian workers with the lowest wages live in households that are not poor by formal criteria. On the other hand, individual earnings above the poverty line may not be sufficient to overcome the poverty of the entire household if it includes minor children.","PeriodicalId":45534,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Ekonomiki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When size does not matter: Innovation attractiveness factors of medium-sized cities 当规模不重要时：中等城市的创新吸引力因素

IF 0.8

Voprosy Ekonomiki Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-96-119

E. S. Kutsenko, K. N. Boyakova, T. Ostashchenko, K. Tyurchev, S. V. Artemov

{"title":"When size does not matter: Innovation attractiveness factors of medium-sized cities","authors":"E. S. Kutsenko, K. N. Boyakova, T. Ostashchenko, K. Tyurchev, S. V. Artemov","doi":"10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-96-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-96-119","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the key features of modern innovative medium-sized cities. The study sample consists of 23 cities with the highest concentration of global high tech corporations, unicorn companies, leading universities, and highly cited researchers among all OECD countries. The distinctive features of cities were identified by comparing the average values of their indicators of well-being, openness to talent, transport accessibility, education coverage, knowledge and technology development, digital infrastructure and ecology with similar indicators of the countries where they are located. It has been revealed that cities with the greatest concentration of science and technology leaders are characterized by a high level of well-being; openness to talent and significant concentration of students, including international ones; preferential location near large agglomerations; developed digital infrastructure providing high Internet speed. This study offers new insight on possible trajectories for further development of Russian science cities and other territories with high scientific and technological potential in the context of foreign experience. Unlike foreign ones, Russian science cities concentrate a small proportion of local and foreign students, and their digital infrastructure is much less developed.","PeriodicalId":45534,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Ekonomiki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Business associations and the adaptation of Russian manufacturing enterprises to sanctions: 2018 vs. 2022 商业协会与俄罗斯制造企业对制裁的适应：2018 年与 2022 年

IF 0.8

Voprosy Ekonomiki Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-44-72

A. Kazun, S. K. Mukovnin

{"title":"Business associations and the adaptation of Russian manufacturing enterprises to sanctions: 2018 vs. 2022","authors":"A. Kazun, S. K. Mukovnin","doi":"10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-44-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-44-72","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the role of business associations in adaptation of Russian companies to international sanctions. To address this query, we have used survey data from leaders of Russian manufacturing companies in 2018 and 2022, which are representative in terms of size and sectors. Membership in a business association has a dual nature: on the one hand, associations can act as a tool for adapting to sanction shocks (direct effect); on the other hand, because of the self-selection effect, they tend to comprise more proactive and resilient companies, which are less fearful of external shocks and, as a result, may be less inclined to take active measures (indirect effect). We distinguish these effects from our analysis by constructing models using a mediator. The findings indicate that in 2018, members of business associations perceived the consequences of sanctions as less severe and were less likely to take any action, possibly because sufficient time had passed for adaptation to them since 2014. Conversely, in 2022, membership in associations did not reduce leaders’ perceptions of the seriousness of sanctions. However, we have found a direct effect of associations, revealing in a quicker response of their members to sanctions, including seeking new suppliers and reducing costs.","PeriodicalId":45534,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Ekonomiki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The theory of cultural evolution by F. A. Hayek and evolutionary psychology (Part one) 哈耶克的文化进化论与进化心理学（第一部分）

IF 0.8

Voprosy Ekonomiki Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-5-25

R. I. Kapeliushnikov

引用次数: 0

Identification of monetary surprises using intraday data 利用盘中数据识别货币意外

IF 0.8

Voprosy Ekonomiki Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-26-43

V. A. Bannikova, O. S. Vinogradova, F. Kartaev

{"title":"Identification of monetary surprises using intraday data","authors":"V. A. Bannikova, O. S. Vinogradova, F. Kartaev","doi":"10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-26-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-26-43","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the Bank of Russia in its press releases informs the public not only about the decision on the interest rate, but also on the planned trajectory of future interest rates and its own forecasts of the development of the macroeconomic situation. Thus, the Central Bank’s announcement may be unexpected for the public in two senses: a change in the key rate (monetary surprise) and providing new forecast information (informational surprise). The impact of different types of surprises on macroeconomic dynamics may be different, so it is advisable to be able to identify the effect of each of them separately. In this paper, the identification of monetary surprises is proposed, which has advantages over those already presented in the literature. It allows, firstly, to identify yield curve shocks and, secondly, to remove the non-monetary (informational) component from the estimates of monetary surprises. The paper reveals the need to identify information shocks using intraday data and the advantages of using minute data compared to using data of lower frequency. Based on the proposed high-frequency approach, we assess the role of information shocks and the role of interest rate trajectory signals in formatting Russian inflation expectations.","PeriodicalId":45534,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Ekonomiki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the formation of public housing policy in Russia: A retrospective review of the issue 俄罗斯公共住房政策的形成：问题回顾

IF 0.8

Voprosy Ekonomiki Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-120-132

N. V. Shilova, A. V. Golovin

引用次数: 0