Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science-Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L Information et De Bibliotheconomie最新文献

{"title":"La collaboration en matière de recherche scientifique et technique au Bénin : 2005–2009 / Collaboration in Scientific and Technology Research in Benin: 2005–2009","authors":"Eustache Mêgnigbêto","doi":"10.1353/ILS.2014.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ILS.2014.0013","url":null,"abstract":"La présente publication étudie la collaboration en matière de recherche scientifique et technique au Bénin. Les données utilisées sont les références bibliographiques de publications scientifiques indexées dans Web of Science comprenant au moins un co-auteur dont l’adresse est au Bénin. Seuls les articles publiés de 2005 à 2009 (une période de cinq ans) ont été sélectionnés. Plus de 80 % des publications sont co-écrites avec au moins un scientifique résidant à l’extérieur. L’Université d’Abomey-Calavi se trouve au centre de la collaboration scientifique institutionnelle. Les auteurs de publications scientifiques forment des sous-groupes de tailles variées, certains montrant plus de cohésion que d’autres. Les sous-groupes les plus en vue sont ceux des auteurs spécialisés en Sciences naturelles, Sciences médicales et sanitaires ou Sciences de l’ingénieur et technologiques.","PeriodicalId":43727,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science-Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L Information et De Bibliotheconomie","volume":"38 1","pages":"188 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ILS.2014.0013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“You Can’t Learn It in School”: Field Experiences and Their Contributions to Education and Professional Identity / «Ça ne s’apprend pas à l’école » : Les expériences de terrain et leur contribution à la formation de l’identité éducationnelle et professionnelle","authors":"Kristin Hoffmann, Selinda Berg","doi":"10.1353/ILS.2014.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ILS.2014.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiences are uniquely positioned at the intersection of education and the workplace, making them key sites for the development of professional identity, which results from socialization processes that occur in both education and work environments. To explore how field experiences complement, diverge from, and intersect with classroom experiences, this research analysed interviews with and reports of Canadian library and information science students who did coop placements in academic libraries. The findings confirm that field experiences are important for linking classroom learning to practice and that they help illuminate the realities of librarianship and clarify the implications of classroom learning for practice. Les expériences de terrain occupent une position unique à l’intersection du système éducatif et du monde du travail. Cela fait d’elles des lieux-clés du développement de l’identité professionnelle, qui résulte elle-même des processus de socialisation qui se produisent aussi bien dans l’éducation que dans les milieux de travail. Pour explorer la façon dont les expériences de terrain complètent, s’écartent, et s’entrecroisent avec les expériences en classe, cette recherche a analysé des entrevues et des rapports d’étudiants en bibliothéconomie et sciences de l’information au Canada qui ont fait des stages coopératifs dans des bibliothèques universitaires. Les résultats confirment que les expériences de terrain sont importantes pour faire le pont entre l’apprentissage en classe et la pratique, et qu’elles contribuent à éclairer les réalités de la bibliothéconomie et à clarifier les implications pour la pratique de l’apprentissage en classe.","PeriodicalId":43727,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science-Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L Information et De Bibliotheconomie","volume":"38 1","pages":"220 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ILS.2014.0015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"« Veille créative » : Une nouvelle expression relative à une fonction informationnelle en émergence / “The Creative Watch”: A New Phrase to Reference an Emerging Informational Function","authors":"Stéphane Goria","doi":"10.1353/ILS.2014.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ILS.2014.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Depuis les années 1980s, la veille informationnelle est reconnue en France par les pouvoirs publics et les entreprises. Ainsi, elle fut souvent présentée comme un atout important pour les entreprises au même titre que l’innovation. Au fil du temps et de ses applications des veilles spécialisées apparurent : veille technologique, concurrentielle, législative, stratégique, etc. En étudiant la relation qui lie veille informationnelle aux activités de création et innovation, il nous a semblé qu’une nouvelle veille émergeait depuis quelques années : la veille créative. Nous proposons dans cet article d’en montrer l’émergence et de la questionner.","PeriodicalId":43727,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science-Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L Information et De Bibliotheconomie","volume":"38 1","pages":"205 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ILS.2014.0014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Immigrants’ Perceptions and Awareness of Public Library Services / L’opinion des nouveaux immigrants et leur sensibilisation aux services des bibliothèques publiques","authors":"Katherine Joan Jamshid van der Linden, Joan C. Bartlett, J. Beheshti","doi":"10.1353/ILS.2014.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ILS.2014.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Although numerous articles and books offer advice on serving immigrant populations in public libraries, little research has been conducted which asks immigrants directly about their needs and experiences. This paper reports the results of three focus groups which took place with a total of 14 different individuals who moved to Canada in the past 10 years from countries in Asia, Central America, and Africa. Focus group discussions found that the participants appreciate the library system but were largely unaware of the range of library services available.","PeriodicalId":43727,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science-Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L Information et De Bibliotheconomie","volume":"38 1","pages":"65 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ILS.2014.0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Preliminary Study of the Relationship between the h-Index and Excess Citations / Étude préliminaire de la relation entre l’indice de Hirsch (indice-h) et les citations excédentaires","authors":"Xiaoyuan Yuan, Weina Hua, R. Rousseau, F. Y. Ye","doi":"10.1353/ILS.2014.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ILS.2014.0011","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a study of the average number of excess citations of papers in the <i>h</i>-core, denoted as <i>e</i>²/<i>h</i> and the ratio between the <i>e</i>-area and the <i>h</i>-area, denoted as <i>e</i>²/<i>h</i>². Real-world citation data from different countries are studied. It is found that at the country level, a small set of publications generate a disproportionately large amount of citations. Although different countries have different <i>e</i>²/<i>h</i>² values in different fields, average <i>e</i>²/<i>h</i>² values are all above 1. The <i>e</i>²/<i>h</i> values vary widely between fields, reflecting the general citation density in these fields. For cumulative data <i>e</i>²/<i>h</i>² and <i>e</i>²/<i>h</i> values each converge quickly. Neither a shifted Zipf nor an exponential model could fit the data.","PeriodicalId":43727,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science-Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L Information et De Bibliotheconomie","volume":"38 1","pages":"127 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ILS.2014.0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Pure Delight and Professional Development”: The Reading Practices and Library Use of an Active Poetry Community / « Pures délices » et développement professionnel : Les pratiques de lecture d’une communauté active de poésie et la fréquentation de la bibliothèque","authors":"Carey Paulette M. Toane, Paulette M. Rothbauer","doi":"10.1353/ILS.2014.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ILS.2014.0010","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the findings of an online survey designed to explore the reading practices, library habits, and book acquisition of adult members of an active poetry community (n = 32) in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Findings show the close relationship between poetry reading and poetry writing and the tight interweaving of poetry throughout the working and personal lives of respondents. Reading and finding out about poetry are also highly social in nature with a clear reliance on the poetry community rather than the public library. Our findings have implications for the roles of reading institutions such as bookstores, libraries, and publishers, as well as for collection development and readers’ advisory services to specialized reading communities.","PeriodicalId":43727,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science-Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L Information et De Bibliotheconomie","volume":"38 1","pages":"126 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ILS.2014.0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La place du livre numérique dans les bibliothèques publiques françaises : État des lieux et prospective / The Situation of Digital Books in French Libraries: Current Status and Prospective","authors":"Hans Dillaerts, Benoît Épron","doi":"10.1353/ILS.2014.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ILS.2014.0009","url":null,"abstract":"L’offre commerciale de livres numériques portée par les éditeurs français est aujourd’hui absente des collections des bibliothèques publiques. Peu de bibliothèques publiques disposent aujourd’hui en effet d’une offre de livres numériques satisfaisante. Cet article a comme objectif d’analyser plus précisément le contexte français qui est marqué par le déploiement d’un projet d’expérimentation d’un service de prêt du livre numérique (le projet PNB). En plus d’identifier les freins au développement du prêt du livre numérique, nous mettons ici en avant un certain nombre de facteurs clés de réussite pour l’intégration progressive du livre numérique dans les collections des bibliothèques.","PeriodicalId":43727,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science-Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L Information et De Bibliotheconomie","volume":"38 1","pages":"80 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ILS.2014.0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge Construction and Information Seeking in Collaborative Learning / La construction des connaissances et la recherche d’information dans l’apprentissage collaboratif","authors":"Jeonghyun Kim, Ji-suk Lee","doi":"10.1353/ILS.2014.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ILS.2014.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to better understand the complex dynamics of knowledge construction and information seeking in a collaborative learning setting. A total of 34 graduate students who participated in a collaborative research project were asked to complete process surveys in the initiation, midpoint, and completion phases of the project. The process survey for this study comprised closed questions that sought to measure students’ perceptions of knowledge and difficulty as well as open-ended questions that asked students what they knew about the topic and what they considered difficult at each phase of the project. The results revealed growth in individual students’ knowledge as they proceeded through the project. When the results of this study are compared to findings from studies focusing on individual information seeking, students who participated in the collaborative research project began the project with confidence as they developed a shared understanding of the topic in the early phase of the project. However, students became more stressed as the project progressed as they carried out their information-seeking activities in individual ways.Cette étude a pour objectif de mieux comprendre la dynamique complexe de la construction des connaissances et de la recherche d’information dans la situation de l’apprentissage collaboratif. Nous avons demandé à trente-quatre étudiants des cycles supérieurs ayant participé à un projet de recherche collaborative de participer à une enquête sur le processus lors des phases de début, de milieu et de fin du projet. Aux fins de cette étude, l’enquête comprenait des questions fermées qui avaient pour but de mesurer les connaissances acquises ainsi que la difficulté telles que perçues par les étudiants, et des questions ouvertes qui demandaient aux étudiants ce qu’ils savaient sur le sujet et ce qu’ils considéraient comme difficile à chaque phase du projet. Les résultats ont montré une croissance des connaissances des élèves au fur et à mesure qu’ils avançaient dans le projet. En comparant les résultats de cette étude avec les résultats d'études portant sur la recherche individuelle d’information, les étudiants ayant participé à un projet de recherche collaborative ont démarré le projet avec une confiance due au fait qu’ils avaient développé une compréhension commune de la question dès la première phase du projet. Toutefois, les étudiants ressentent plus de stress quand le projet avance et qu’ils doivent effectuer leurs activités de recherche d’information individuellement.","PeriodicalId":43727,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science-Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L Information et De Bibliotheconomie","volume":"41 1","pages":"1 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ILS.2014.0005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Accurate Are Wikipedia Articles in Health, Nutrition, and Medicine? / Les articles de Wikipédia dans les domaines de la santé, de la nutrition et de la médecine sont-ils exacts ?","authors":"Norman J. Joy Temple, Joy Fraser","doi":"10.1353/ILS.2014.0000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ILS.2014.0000","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies of Wikipedia have reported mixed results regarding the quality of information on health-related topics. We investigated the accuracy of Wikipedia entries in the areas of health, nutrition, medicine, and complementary and alternative medicine. We formulated 32 statements which are often stated but are probably incorrect (\"common misconceptions\"). Using Google we found 49 Wikipedia entries that provided information on these 32 statements. Most entries are accurate, but deficiencies are present in a minority. The information provided by Wikipedia has a high degree of accuracy for 23 (72%) of the 32 common misconceptions (19 had a score of 5, the highest mark possible, and 4 had a score of 4.5–4.7). Seven of them (22%) had a score of 4–4.1, indicating that the entry has a minor error or that significant information is missing. Two had a low score (3.5), which indicates a more serious problem. Of all the 49 Wikipedia entries that were evaluated, four had a score of only 3, indicating that the accuracy is seriously flawed or that no information is given. These findings together with those from other studies indicate that the information provided by Wikipedia is mostly of high quality but that significant errors and omissions are fairly common.Des études antérieures portant sur les articles Wikipédia ont fait mention de résultats inégaux concernant la qualité de l’information sur les sujets liés à la santé. Nous avons étudié l’exactitude des entrées de Wikipédia dans les domaines de la santé, de la nutrition, de la médecine et des médecines parallèles et complémentaires. Nous avons défini trente-deux énoncés qui sont souvent proposés, mais qui sont probablement incorrects (conceptions courantes mais fausses). Une recherche Google a trouvé quarante-trois entrées Wikipédia fournissant des informations sur ces trente-deux énoncés. La plupart des entrées fournissaient des informations exactes, mais nous avons constaté des lacunes dans une minorité d’entre elles. Pour les trente-deux conceptions courantes mais fausses, vingt-trois (72 %) des entrées Wikipédia atteignaient un degré élevé d’exactitude (dix-neuf avaient un score de 5 [note la plus élevée] et quatre atteignaient 4,5–4,7). Sept des entrées (22%) atteignaient un score de 4–4,1, ce qui indique que l’entrée comportait une petite erreur ou que des informations essentielles étaient manquantes. Deux entrées atteignaient un score faible (3,5). Sur les quarante-trois entrées de Wikipédia qui ont été évalués quatre atteignaient un score de seulement 3, ce qui indique que l’entrée était soit gravement inexacte soit lacunaire. Ces résultats ainsi que ceux d’autres études indiquent que les informations fournies par Wikipédia sont généralement de haute qualité, mais que des erreurs et des omissions importantes sont assez fréquentes.","PeriodicalId":43727,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science-Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L Information et De Bibliotheconomie","volume":"38 1","pages":"37 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ILS.2014.0000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Career Q & A: A Librarian’s Real-Life Practical Guide to Managing a Successful Career by Susanne Markgren and Tiffany Eatman Allen (review)","authors":"Deborah Hicks","doi":"10.1353/ILS.2014.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ILS.2014.0002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43727,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science-Revue Canadienne Des Sciences De L Information et De Bibliotheconomie","volume":"38 1","pages":"R1 - R2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2014-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/ILS.2014.0002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66360386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}