Perspectives on Global Development and Technology最新文献

{"title":"South Africa in the Installation Phase of a New Techno-economic Paradigm","authors":"P. Stewart","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341593","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000South Africa’s situation of financialization, low growth, unemployment, and inequality is linked here to the ‘installation phase’ of a new technology as described by Carlotta Perez. South Africa’s informational economy is examined, and the role of the financial sector is summarized. The article then considers the strengths and weaknesses of the manufacturing and service sectors, and the embeddedness in them of digital technologies. The article concludes by supporting manufacturing as the best route to a new productive economic core while other sites of digital industry take deeper root. The need to shape finance to more national ends is also affirmed.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86755773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Distancing During the Sars-Cov2 (COVID-19) Pandemic: Interpretations and Implication in the African Context","authors":"R. Kajiita, S. Kang’ethe","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341596","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In absence of vaccine or a well-known treatment at onset of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), public health measures such as social distancing, washing hands, and wearing face masks were implemented as the most effective strategies to combat the spread of the virus. This article explores the perceptions and interpretations of COVID-19-related regulations and implications of the disease to human life in different contexts. The article adopted a qualitative research methodology, where twenty participants were selected purposively and interviewed, then data analyzed inductively. The analysis of interviews revealed varied conceptualizations and interpretations about the disease and social distancing. Notably, COVID-19 regulations such social distancing and face masking were perceived as imported policy, a misconception that would be attributed to non-adherence to COVID-19 protocols. Further, the study underscore that the disease and policies related to it disrupted ways of social life; infringed on people’s social-cultural rights; and had adverse health consequences. The study recommends a strategic and deliberate reconstruction of the society to restore its sociological functions post COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75280093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Sustainability of Urban Water Supply Systems in Shillong, India","authors":"Bankerlang Kharmylliem, N. Kipgen","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341594","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article examines urban water supply systems by using indicators such as quantity, quality, accessibility, and reliability. Shillong city is divided into numerous localities, each governed by both formal (municipal) and informal (non-municipal) institutions. This study focuses on domestic water aspects in non-municipal areas and argues that water inequity is more prominent and widespread, and the role of local institutions in water governance is greater and more significant. The article underscores the complementarity between water distribution and water governance rendered by the local institutions.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76616809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on Global Development 2021","authors":"","doi":"10.1787/405e4c32-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1787/405e4c32-en","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89354238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology and Ecosocialism","authors":"V. Wallis","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341580","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Ecosocialist technology is technology guided by universal human need and by concern for the health of the natural environment. It contrasts with capitalist technology, which is driven above all by the imperatives of cost-reduction and profit-maximization within a market whose contours are shaped by the owners or state agents of capital. The contrast between ecosocialist and capitalist technology appears across all sectors of production and services. Following a theoretical overview, we examine the sectors of transport, housing, and food production and reflect on the newest technologies of communication, surveillance, and artificial intelligence. I argue that devices and infrastructures that would transform the conditions of life should in all cases be subject, at the planning stage, to full disclosure, informed public debate, and democratic resolution.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90981117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biopolitics in the Time of Pandemic: Populism and Neoliberalism in the Light of COVID-19","authors":"Rafal Soborski","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341587","url":null,"abstract":"Populism is at the center of many debates about socio-political aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic However, pondering questions such as, “Is coronavirus bad for populism?” or “How do populist leaders respond to it?” is unlikely to bring significant insights into the distribution and operation of power in the context of COVID-19, or more generally The populist label is used by elites to describe any politics that they dismiss, whether right- or left-wing, rendering populism an empty and incoherent concept This point is supported by developments associated with COVID-19 as attitudes of “populist” regimes towards the pandemic varied and some of them followed the same strategies as those pursued by “non-populist” governments This article reveals the limited explanatory utility of the concept of populism and proposes shifting the focus of attention towards neoliberalism as a key factor shaping individual countries' responses to the ongoing biopolitical challenge © Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2021","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79900006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Supremacy: Will the Present be Prologue?","authors":"M. Westmoreland","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341589","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In recent years, there has been a rethinking of the concept of white privilege and a development of new concepts like white fragility. At the same time, discourse around ‘white supremacy’ has mostly remained stagnant. Some claim it is anachronistic and no longer applicable. Others fear it will discourage whites from supporting the quest for racial justice. In this article, I advocate for using the term ‘white supremacy’ to name the problem that racial justice theorists and activists seek to dismantle. More specifically, I utilize the work of Charles Mills to defend the use of ‘white supremacy’ against Marxist critics.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77732288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African Continental Free-Trade Area: Key Challenges","authors":"Ifeanyi Ezeonu","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341582","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000On March 21, 2018, the African Continental Free Trade Agreement was signed in Kigali, Rwanda by an overwhelming majority of African states. This Agreement, which was designed to create a free-trade area across the African continent, came into force on May 30, 2019, following its ratification by twenty-two African states as provided for in the agreement. The resultant free-trade area is intended to integrate African markets, stimulate industrialization, and engender the economic transformation of the continent through the promotion of free movement of persons, capital, goods, and services across the continent. This article discusses the key challenges facing the new free-trade zone and the prospects of the trade zone for African industrialization and economic development in the twenty-first century.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73205669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Globalization and Its Contradictions: China’s Developing Path","authors":"Hao Li-xin","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341585","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Globalization is a process of contradictions and value conflicts. Developing countries are faced with various challenges in this process. Economic globalization is essentially global-wide expansion of the capitalist economy. Inherent contradictions of economic globalization can be divided into original and derivative contradictions. The inherent contradiction of the capitalist economy determines its two different aspects, its corresponding effects upon the world history, as well as conflicts between economic, political, and cultural values. Being exposed to this process, China needs to make wise choices.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77131040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capitalism, Crisis, and Contention: Race, Racism, and Resistance","authors":"L. Langman","doi":"10.1163/15691497-12341588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341588","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000For Marx, the alienation of wage labor and inherent crisis tendencies of capital would foster collective grievances and support for communist movements promising revolution and the abolition of private property, creating a society wherein “the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all.” But a combination of material factors, the rise of the welfare state, increased wages, and later consumerism as well as ideologies such as religion and/or nationalism, thwarted revolutionary fervor in industrial societies. Nevertheless, Marxist theory provides a number of important insights that help us understand contemporary social mobilizations beginning with noting how historical legacies, materials conditions, class interests, and episodic crises dispose many movements, even those that take place on cultural terrains in public spheres and spaces while political economic/historical factors may not be evident. This can clearly be shown by understanding the nature of racism and the massive protests following the murder of George Floyd. The roots of racism, qua white ‘superiority’ were rooted in the colonial era in which the settlers enslaved Africans and forcibly displaced the native populations for clear economic gains. This was ideologically ‘legitimated’ by the dehumanization of racialized Others, it also provided ‘superior’ status and identity to Christian Caucasians. Moreover, such ideologies were sustained through violence, whether armed plantation owners, slave catchers, militias, and later police. For a variety of reasons, slavery ended but racism endures to this very day. But that said, between the growing economic and educational status of Africans Americans and the more progressive cosmopolitan/inclusive values and practices of the young, racism, for many, has waned. But police violence has not. In the face of growing inequality, the pandemic crisis that led to an economic crisis, especially onerous for the young and peoples of color, the murder of George Floyd, going viral, indicated how a number of the crises of neoliberal transnational capitalism migrated to the culture and led to massive protests and resistance against racism and police brutality.","PeriodicalId":43666,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on Global Development and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85272077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}