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The Potential for Future Discovery 未来发现的潜力
Edible Insects and Human Evolution Pub Date : 2018-07-17 DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0008
J. Lesnik
{"title":"The Potential for Future Discovery","authors":"J. Lesnik","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Reconstructing the behavior of past hominins has numerous limitations. Scientific discovery requires evidence-based research and the paleoanthropological record only preserves fragments of past ways of life. However, the models created here with data collected from extant populations establish hypotheses and predictions for this hominin behavior, which is the important first step in the scientific process. This chapter investigates how future research can inform on the ancient use of insects as food. First, the models presented here were created from currently available data; more research that directly investigates the insect portion of extant diets and increased standardization for the reporting of data will help to refine these data models. Second, numerous analytical methods are available for the reconstruction of past diets and these are explored regarding their potential for informing on hominin use of edible insects. Once the dietary use of insects becomes a more established research focus, evidence will begin revealing itself.","PeriodicalId":421079,"journal":{"name":"Edible Insects and Human Evolution","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125941068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Going Forward 展望未来
Edible Insects and Human Evolution Pub Date : 2018-07-17 DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0009
J. Lesnik
{"title":"Going Forward","authors":"J. Lesnik","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"The last chapter addresses why research on edible insects is not nearly as developed compared to meat, and why this imbalance leads to underrepresentation. In paleoanthropology, there is abundant research on hunting and meat eating while other foods are essentially ignored. This impartiality leads to the portrayal of our ancestors as being primarily carnivorous, which in recent years has been incorporated into the “paleo diet” trend. As a popular weight loss program, the paleo diet emphasizes eating real and natural foods that would have been available to our “cavemen” ancestors. The emphasis on real food is a direct response to our over-industrialized food systems, which produce widely available, inexpensive, unhealthy food options. However, another problem with our modern food system is that it is unsustainable and livestock cultivation is the primary culprit for resource waste and greenhouse gas emissions. We should be looking to reduce our meat intake, not increase it. In this regard, edible insects provide an appealing sustainability option: they are efficient to raise and provide the same nutritional benefits as traditionally raised livestock.","PeriodicalId":421079,"journal":{"name":"Edible Insects and Human Evolution","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128013239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Going Forward: 展望未来:
Edible Insects and Human Evolution Pub Date : 2018-06-14 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvx07bbr.16
{"title":"Going Forward:","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx07bbr.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx07bbr.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421079,"journal":{"name":"Edible Insects and Human Evolution","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123913177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Insect Eating in Nonhuman Primates 非人类灵长类动物的昆虫进食
Edible Insects and Human Evolution Pub Date : 2018-06-14 DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0005
J. Lesnik
{"title":"Insect Eating in Nonhuman Primates","authors":"J. Lesnik","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Species in each family within the primate order consume insects. Although some species specialize in eating insects, considered insectivores, many primates utilize insects as a supplement to their diets otherwise comprised of a combination of leaves and fruit. Patterns of insectivory in these “non-insectivorous” primates may help unveil how eating insects may attenuate nutritional inadequacies. Interestingly, there is good evidence of female primates consuming more insects than their male counterparts. This pattern is well recognized for tool-using chimpanzees and orangutans, but similar evidence from other primates such as capuchins and mangabeys suggests that this is not related to difference in tool using preferences between the sexes but rather may be due to different dietary requirements.","PeriodicalId":421079,"journal":{"name":"Edible Insects and Human Evolution","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125569324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding the Ick Factor 了解令人讨厌的因素
Edible Insects and Human Evolution Pub Date : 2018-06-14 DOI: 10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056999.003.0002
J. Lesnik
{"title":"Understanding the Ick Factor","authors":"J. Lesnik","doi":"10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056999.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056999.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"An important question to address is why insects are not commonly consumed in Western culture. This chapter investigates global patterns of insect consumption, the psychology of disgust, and the physiological mechanisms of tastes, and determines that there is nothing inherent about insects that make them disgusting. Instead, the presence or absence of edible insects in a culture is best understood as a combination of factors including environment and colonial history.","PeriodicalId":421079,"journal":{"name":"Edible Insects and Human Evolution","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125856862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introduction to Entomophagy Anthropology 昆虫人类学导论
Edible Insects and Human Evolution Pub Date : 2018-06-14 DOI: 10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056999.003.0001
J. Lesnik
{"title":"Introduction to Entomophagy Anthropology","authors":"J. Lesnik","doi":"10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056999.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056999.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 1 introduces the key players currently and historically involved in what may be called the entomophagy movement towards more sustainably produced animal protein. There have also been a number of advocates for the study of edible insects in the field of biological anthropology whose contributions have not been as broadly accepted as those who reconstruct hunting and meat eating. This chapter introduces readers to the study of insects as food in the field of anthropology and the challenges of reconstructing the use of a food source in the past that does not easily leave a signal in the archaeological record.","PeriodicalId":421079,"journal":{"name":"Edible Insects and Human Evolution","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121395761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ethnographic Examples of Insect Foraging 昆虫觅食的民族志例子
Edible Insects and Human Evolution Pub Date : 2018-06-14 DOI: 10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056999.003.0003
J. Lesnik
{"title":"Ethnographic Examples of Insect Foraging","authors":"J. Lesnik","doi":"10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056999.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/FLORIDA/9780813056999.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnographic examples of entomophagy focus on populations of interest to human behavioral ecologists such that the environment plays a major role in food availability and ultimately reproduction and fitness. Patterns of insect foraging in hunter-gatherer populations and horticulturalists suggest that women tend to forage and eat insects more than men.","PeriodicalId":421079,"journal":{"name":"Edible Insects and Human Evolution","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130532260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nutrition and Reproductive Ecology 营养与生殖生态学
Edible Insects and Human Evolution Pub Date : 2018-06-14 DOI: 10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0004
J. Lesnik
{"title":"Nutrition and Reproductive Ecology","authors":"J. Lesnik","doi":"10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056999.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 4 reviews the interplay between nutrition and natural selection. Much of the discussion of evolution of the human diet revolves around energetic requirements because the increased demand is easy to identify as brain and body size increase over our lineage. However, it is important to be reminded that nutrients have other roles besides yielding energy, primarily regulatory and structural. These latter functions are especially important from the viewpoint of female pregnancy and child rearing. This incongruence of reproductive demands between the sexes lends to the discussion of the evolution of sexual division of labor in human societies, suggesting that some of the differences in resource acquisition may be related to different nutritional needs.","PeriodicalId":421079,"journal":{"name":"Edible Insects and Human Evolution","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132590013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 致谢
Edible Insects and Human Evolution Pub Date : 2018-06-14 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvx07bbr.7
{"title":"ACKNOWLEDGMENTS","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx07bbr.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx07bbr.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421079,"journal":{"name":"Edible Insects and Human Evolution","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133365464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Potential for Future Discovery: 未来发现的潜力:
Edible Insects and Human Evolution Pub Date : 2018-06-14 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvx07bbr.15
{"title":"The Potential for Future Discovery:","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvx07bbr.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx07bbr.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421079,"journal":{"name":"Edible Insects and Human Evolution","volume":"12 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121007449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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