Inf. Polity最新文献_第4页

The sensitive nature of facial recognition: Tensions between the Swedish police and regulatory authorities 面部识别的敏感性:瑞典警方和监管机构之间的紧张关系

Inf. Polity Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.3233/ip-211538

Marie Eneman, Jan Ljungberg, Elena Raviola, B. Rolandsson

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引用次数: 2

Power in the modern 'surveillance society': From theory to methodology 现代“监视社会”中的权力:从理论到方法论

Inf. Polity Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.3233/ip-211536

Catharina Rudschies

{"title":"Power in the modern 'surveillance society': From theory to methodology","authors":"Catharina Rudschies","doi":"10.3233/ip-211536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ip-211536","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid expansion of new Information and Communication Technologies has improved the possibilities for surveillance, rendering modern society a ‘surveillance society’ (Lyon, 2006). Surveillance practices today comprise a myriad of actors. However, relations between different groups of “observers” and “observed” and their respective impact on the extent of surveillance are not yet sufficiently considered. Furthermore, methodologies are missing “to look beyond abstract theory” (Galič et al., 2017, p. 34). This paper proposes theoretical considerations as well as a methodological framework by taking a meso-level perspective and by incorporating the examination of power relations in surveillance systems. It is argued that contemporary surveillance structures encompass hierarchies, albeit not in a traditional unidirectional manner. Furthermore, a first attempt is made to provide a methodological framework that helps to analyse the power relationships between diverse actors that emerge due to differences in capabilities to observe and hide. Based on a number of specified indicators, the framework aims to assist in understanding how power is distributed and in how far actors and their position within the hierarchy determine the extent and the impact that surveillance can take.","PeriodicalId":418875,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Polity","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124980413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Responsible application of artificial intelligence to surveillance: What prospects? 负责任的人工智能应用于监控:前景如何?

Inf. Polity Pub Date : 2022-04-24 DOI: 10.3233/ip-211532

R. Clarke

{"title":"Responsible application of artificial intelligence to surveillance: What prospects?","authors":"R. Clarke","doi":"10.3233/ip-211532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ip-211532","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most significant of the information and communications technologies being applied to surveillance. AI’s proponents argue that its promise is great, and that successes have been achieved, whereas its detractors draw attention to the many threats embodied in it, some of which are much more problematic than those arising from earlier data analytical tools. This article considers the full gamut of regulatory mechanisms. The scope extends from natural and infrastructural regulatory mechanisms, via self-regulation, including the recently-popular field of ‘ethical principles’, to co-regulatory and formal approaches. An evaluation is provided of the adequacy or otherwise of the world’s first proposal for formal regulation of AI practices and systems, by the European Commission. To lay the groundwork for the analysis, an overview is provided of the nature of AI. The conclusion reached is that, despite the threats inherent in the deployment of AI, the current safeguards are seriously inadequate, and the prospects for near-future improvement are far from good. To avoid undue harm from AI applications to surveillance, it is necessary to rapidly enhance existing, already-inadequate safeguards and establish additional protections.","PeriodicalId":418875,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Polity","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121691503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Emotional AI: Legal and ethical challenges 情感AI:法律和道德挑战

Inf. Polity Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.3233/ip-211529

Thomas Gremsl, Elisabeth Hödl

引用次数: 2

Digital transformation success in the public sector: A systematic literature review of cases, processes, and success factors 公共部门数字化转型的成功:对案例、流程和成功因素的系统文献综述

Inf. Polity Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.3233/ip-211518

Fernando Escobar, W. H. C. Almeida, J. Varajão

引用次数: 5

Citizens' attitudes towards automated decision-making 公民对自动化决策的态度

Inf. Polity Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.3233/ip-211516

T. Denk, Karin Hedström, F. Karlsson

引用次数: 1

Media users' and professionals' responses to personal data receipts: A mixed methods study 媒体使用者和专业人士对个人资料收据的反应:一项混合方法研究

Inf. Polity Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.3233/ip-211500

Natasja Van Buggenhout, W. V. D. Broeck

{"title":"Media users' and professionals' responses to personal data receipts: A mixed methods study","authors":"Natasja Van Buggenhout, W. V. D. Broeck","doi":"10.3233/ip-211500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ip-211500","url":null,"abstract":"European General Data Protection Regulation requires organisations to request the data subject’s consent for personal data processing. Data controllers must be able to demonstrate valid consent was obtained (‘transparency’). Media often struggle to meet GDPR requirements in practice. We identified several issues with existing consent procedures amongst which a need for trustworthy approaches to record and track consent. In this article, we evaluate a specific transparency initiative: a Personal Data Receipt (PDR) for news personalisation. We investigated how European media users and media professionals evaluated the PDR. We conducted qualitative surveys and interviews to explore and describe individuals’ viewpoints on/responses to the PDR. The main strengths highlighted in this study are: GDPR compliance and improved data processing transparency which leads to more control and user trust. PDR weaknesses are mainly related to users not reading the receipt, lack/overload of information, and design issues. Based on our findings, we identified missing elements and formulated recommendations for PDR improvement to optimise consent strategies. By examining how individuals responded to this specific transparency tool, and rhetorical tactics connected to it (placation, diversion, jargon, and misnaming), our study provides informed suggestions for ways out of digital resignation (Draper & Turow, 2019).","PeriodicalId":418875,"journal":{"name":"Inf. Polity","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123940931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The (indirect) effect of social media consumption on political distrust in Egypt 社交媒体消费对埃及政治不信任的(间接)影响

Inf. Polity Pub Date : 2022-04-15 DOI: 10.3233/ip-210006

H. Masoudnia, M. Ghorbani, Daniel Stockemer

引用次数: 0

Is altruism dead? A critical case study on the paradigm shift in Open Government Data 利他主义死了吗?开放政府数据模式转变的关键案例研究

Inf. Polity Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.3233/ip-220048

Tobias Mettler, Gianluca Miscione

引用次数: 0

Citizen requests and the price of public information: An experimental test 公民要求和公共信息的价格:一个实验性测试

Inf. Polity Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.3233/ip-220054

Alex Ingrams, Wesley Kaufmann, D. Jacobs

引用次数: 1