Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia最新文献

{"title":"Studi Akumulasi Pigmen β-Cryptoxanthin untuk Membentuk Warna Jingga Buah Jeruk di Daerah Tropika","authors":"Inanpi Hidayati Sumiasih, Taruna Shafa Arzam, R. Poerwanto, D. Efendi, A. Agusta, S. Yuliani","doi":"10.29244/JHI.9.2.73-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/JHI.9.2.73-83","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTDegreening is a transformation process on peel which enables it to change color from green to orange on citrus fruits. The orange color of the peel comes from the mixture of carotenoid pigments, such as β-cryptoxanthin and β-citraurin. The pigments contributed in the formation of β-citraurin are β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin. The objectives of this study were (1) to obtain proper degreening temperature in the orange color formation of several citrus varieties, and (2) to identify and determine pigments of β-cryptoxanthin pigment and total chlorophyll content in citrus peel after degreening. This study was conducted at PKHT IPB and LIPI Cibinong from July 2013 to December 2013, and from February 2016 to May 2017. About 100 ppm of ethylene gas was injected into a citrus-containing box using 5 ml syringe, then the box was placed in cool storage at 15 0C, 20 0C and room temperature, for 72 hours. The results showed that the best colors of Keprok Selayar and Keprok Tejakula were obtained by the degreening at 15 0C, in Siam Kintamani it was obtained by degreening at 20 0C. Degreening significantly reduced the total chlorophyll content, and increased β-cryptoxanthin content. The content of β-cryptoxanthin after degreening was 3 folds higher on highland Citrus reticulata than lowland citrus.Keywords: citrus color index, chlorophill, degreening, ethylene, tropical citrusABSTRAKDegreening adalah proses perombakan warna hijau pada kulit jeruk diikuti dengan proses pembentukan warna jingga. Warna jingga adalah campuran antara β-cryptoxanthin dengan β-citraurin. Pigmen yang berkontribusi dalam pembentukan β-citraurin adalah β-cryptoxanthin dan zeaxanthin. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah (1) Mendapatkan suhu degreening yang tepat dalam pembentukan warna jingga pada beberapa varietas jeruk, (2) Identifikasi dan penentuan kadar pigmen β-cryptoxanthin dan kandungan total klorofil pada kulit jeruk setelah degreening. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PKHT IPB dan LIPI Cibinong pada bulan Juli 2013 sampai Desember 2013, dan bulan Februari 2016 sampai Mei 2017. Degreening dilakukan dengan menginjeksikan gas etilen konsentrasi 100 ppm ke dalam wadah tertutup yang berisi jeruk menggunakan syringe 5 ml, kemudian disimpan pada suhu 15 0C, 20 0C dan suhu ruang, selama 72 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa warna terbaik jeruk Keprok Selayar dan Tejakula diperoleh dengan degreening pada suhu 15 0C, Siam Kintamani diperoleh dengan degreening pada suhu 20 0C. Degreening dapat menurunkan kandungan total klorofil secara tajam, dan terbukti meningkatkan kandungan pigmen β-cryptoxanthin. Kandungan pigmen β-cryptoxanthin setelah degreening 3 kali lebih tinggi pada jeruk keprok dataran tinggi dibandingkan dengan dataran rendah.Kata kunci: citrus color index, degreening, etilen, jeruk tropika, klorofil","PeriodicalId":410060,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115955623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respon Delapan Genotipe Melon (Cucumis melo L.) terhadap Perlakuan KNO3","authors":"A. Huda, W. B. Suwarno, Awang Maharijaya","doi":"10.29244/JHI.9.2.84-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/JHI.9.2.84-92","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTPotassium (K) is a mineral nutrient needed by crops that influences the quality of fruits and vegetables. The objective of this study was to elucidate the interaction effects of genotype by KNO3 treatment (G × KNO3) on fruit traits of melon. The experiment was conducted from August to October 2016 at Tajur II Experimental Station of IPB, Bogor, following a split plot design with three replicates. The main plot was two levels of KNO3 and the subplot was eight genotypes, consisting of seven test genotypes and one check variety (Eagle). The KNO3 treatments were applied weekly, started from 7-49 DAP with 5 g L-1 concentration, ±200 ml plant-1. G × KNO3 interaction effects were significant for sugar content and titratable acidity (TA). P34 had relatively high sugar content and TA. P25 showed a significant increase of sugar content when KNO3 is added, while Eagle, P311, and P34 showed significant decrease of sugar content. Days to male flowering, days to hermaphrodite flowering, and fruit weight had high broad sense heritability (repeatability), while days to harvest, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, rind thickness, and sugar content had moderate heritability. Fruit weight had significant positive correlation with fruit diameter, flesh thickness, and rind thickness. Application of KNO3 fertilizer in practical is therefore suggested for the postive-response genotypes to KNO3.Key words: fruit quality, KNO3, melon, sugar contentABSTRAKKalium (K) merupakan mineral yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman yang berpengaruh terhadap kualitas buah dan sayur. Pada budidaya melon umumnya, sumber mineral K diperoleh dalam bentuk KNO3. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh interaksi genotipe × perlakuan KNO3 (G × KNO3) terhadap peningkatan kualitas buah melon. Percobaan dilakukan pada bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2016 di Kebun Percobaan IPB Tajur II, Bogor menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi (split plot design) dengan tiga ulangan. Petak utama merupakan perlakuan KNO3 dengan dua taraf, dan anak petak merupakan genotipe dengan delapan taraf, yang terdiri dari tujuh genotipe uji dan satu varietas pembanding (Eagle). Perlakuan KNO3 dilakukan setiap minggu mulai 7–49 HST dengan konsentrasi 5 g L-1 dan volume aplikasi ± 200 ml tanaman-1. Interaksi G × KNO3 berpengaruh nyata terhadap karakter kadar gula dan total asam tertitrasi (TAT). Genotipe P34 memiliki kadar gula dan TAT yang relatif tinggi. P25 merupakan genotipe yang menunjukkan respon positif berupa peningkatan kadar gula pada perlakuan KNO3, namun sebaliknya genotipe Eagle, P311, dan P34 justru menunjukkan penurunan kadar gula yang signifikan pada perlakuan KNO3. Karakter yang memiliki nilai heritabilitas (repeatabilitas) arti luas yang tergolong tinggi adalah umur berbunga jantan, umur berbunga hermaprodit, dan bobot buah, sedangkan yang heritabilitasnya tergolong sedang adalah umur panen, diameter buah, tebal daging buah, tebal kulit buah, dan kadar gula. Bobot buah berkorelasi positif dengan diamete","PeriodicalId":410060,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131917988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Pendinginan Daerah Perakaran terhadap Produksi Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) di dalam Rumah Tanaman Kawasan Tropika","authors":"Wenny Amaliah, M. Syukur, H. Suhardiyanto","doi":"10.29244/JHI.9.2.139-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/JHI.9.2.139-147","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTCultivation of chili plants in the tropical greenhouse requires cooling as a solution of high temperature inside the greenhouse. One of the cooling system can be applied is root zone cooling. The aim of this research is to apply root zone cooling system to cultivation of chili plant in tropical greenhouse with substrate system, and to know the influence root zone cooling system on growth and productivity of chili plant. Plants are cultivated with a hydroponics substrate system using a drip irrigation system where the cooling pipe is buried inside the substrate medium. First treatment is cooling the root zone with cooled water and the substrate temperature of root zone cooling was 14.1-26.9 0C (CH treatment). Second treatment is cooling the root zone with no cooled water (ambient temperature), and the substrate temperature was 24.8-34.2 0C (NC treatment). The air temperature inside greenhouse was 29.4 0C and 24.7 0C, day and night. Due to lack of intensity of sunlight into the greenhouse, the plants sustain etiolating. However CH treatment produced higher fruit weight per plant compared with NC treatment. The weight of fruit per plant is 873.60 g and 546.00 g, for CH and NC respectively. The fruit size in the CH treatment also produced longer and heavier fruits than the NC treatment.Keywords: hydroponics of pepper, productivity, root temperatureABSTRAKBudidaya tanaman cabai di dalam rumah tanaman daerah beriklim tropis membutuhkan pendinginan sebagai solusi tingginya suhu udara di dalam rumah tanaman. Pendinginan yang dapat diterapkan salah satunya yaitu dengan pendinginan terbatas di daerah perakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan teknik pendinginan daerah perakaran pada budidaya tanaman cabai di dalam rumah tanaman iklim tropika basah dengan sistem substrat, serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendinginan daerah perakaran pada pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman cabai. Tanaman dibudidayakan dengan sistem hidroponik substrat dan sistem irigasi tetes yang di dalam media tanam dibenamkan pipa pendingin. Perlakuan pertama adalah pendinginan daerah perakaran dengan air yang didinginkan dan suhu media tanam yang didinginkan berkisar antara 14.1-26.9 0C (perlakuan CH). Perlakuan kedua adalah pendinginan daerah perakaran dengan air yang tidak didinginkan (suhu lingkungan) dengan kisaran suhu media tanam sebesar 24.8-34.2 0C (perlakuan NC), dengan suhu udara rata-rata 29.4 0C pada siang hari dan 24.7 0C pada malam hari. Tanaman mengalami etiolasi akibat kurangnya intensitas cahaya matahari yang masuk ke dalam rumah tanaman. Perlakuan CH menghasilkan bobot buah per tanaman yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan NC. Bobot buah per tanaman sebesar 873.60 g dan 546.00 g, untuk CH dan NC berturut-turut. Ukuran buah pun pada perlakuan CH menghasilkan buah yang lebih panjang dan lebih berat dari pada perlakuan NC.Kata kunci: hidroponik cabai, produktivitas, suhu zona perakaran","PeriodicalId":410060,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia","volume":"27 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125683743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Suhu Ruang Simpan dan Perlakuan Pasca Penyimpanan terhadap Mutu dan Produktivitas Umbi Benih Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L. group Aggregatum)","authors":"Alvita Sekar Sarjani, E. Palupi, M. R. Suhartanto, Y. A. Purwanto","doi":"10.29244/JHI.9.2.111-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/JHI.9.2.111-121","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe fluctuative price of shallot in Indonesia is mainly due to discontinuous supply. Shallot is usually planted three times a year. Lack of supply occurs during July to October. Therefore, the produce need to be stored to ensure its availability during off season, not only for consumption but also as seed bulb for the following planting season. The research was aimed to maintain the quality of seed bulbs during twelve weeks storage and to evaluate productivity of the seed bulbs after storage. Shallot seed bulbs of Bima Brebes was used for the research that was devided into two steps. The first step was arranged in nested design, in which seed bulb was stored at 0 0C, 5 0C, 10 0C and ambient temperature nested into storage period i.e 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks with four replications. The second step was evaluation of productivity of the seed bulbs that was arranged in nested design. The seed bulbs, after being stored at diferent condition, was subjected to different acclimatization treatments i.e. gradual increase of temperatures for 3 days and direct change to ambient temperature for one day, to devernalize the seed bulbs and replicated our times. The results showed that the dormant period of shallot seed bulbs lasted for 8 weeks after harvest (6 week after storage) as indicated by germination and vigor index of >90%. The termination of dormancy coincided with a rise in GA, IAA and cytokines as well as ABA. Storing the seed bulbs for 3 months in 5 0C could maintain its viability and vigor >90%, with 9.8% of total damage and 15.6% of weight loss. The seed bulbs grew normally and produced 30.2 g of bulb per plant. The percentage of flowering plant of gradually acclimatized seed bulbs previously stored at 5 0C (10.3%) was not significantly different from those directly acclimatized at ambient temperature (12%).Keywords: ABA, cytokinin, dormancy, GA, weight lossABSTRAKPenyebab utama fluktuasi harga bawang merah di pasar adalah ketersediaan umbi bawang merah yang tidak stabil. Di daerah sentra produksi, bawang merah ditanam tiga kali dalam setahun. Bulan Juli sampai Oktober adalah periode hasil panen rendah. Penyimpanan umbi merupakan salah satu upaya untuk menjamin ketersediaannya di luar musim panen, tidak hanya untuk konsumsi tetapi juga memastikan ketersediaan umbi sebagai benih pada musim tanam selanjutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempertahankan kualitas benih umbi selama 12 minggu disimpan dan mengevaluasi produktivitasnya setelah penyimpanan. Bahan yang digunakan adalah benih umbi bawang merah varietas Bima Brebes. Penelitian dibagi dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah penyimpanan benih umbi dirancang dalam nested design yang mana benih umbi disimpan pada suhu 0 0C, 5 0C, 10 0C dan suhu ruang tersarang pada waktu penyimpanan yang terdiri atas 0, 3, 6, 9 dan 12 minggu dan diulang empat kali. Tahap kedua adalah evaluasi produktivitas benih umbi setelah disimpan dirancang dalam nested design. Umbi yang telah disimpan (12 minggu) pada masing","PeriodicalId":410060,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133891693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kandungan Flavonoid dan Serat Sesbania grandiflora pada Berbagai Umur Bunga dan Polong","authors":"E. Setiawan","doi":"10.29244/JHI.9.2.122-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/JHI.9.2.122-130","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe vegetable production in Madura islands is very limited due to dry soil conditions. The turi tree (Sesbania grandiflora) planted in Madura as barrier rice fields has the potential to be optimized as a source of vegetable. The objective of the study was to determine flavonoid and dietary fiber contents in flowers and fruits/pods of red and white turi that are picked at different ages. The research was conducted in December 2016 to March 2017 at Bangkalan. The study was arranged is Completely Randomized Design method with two factors and three replications. First factor was namely flower (red and white turi), and second factor is harvest time (turi flowers are harvested at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 days; while the fruits/pods are harvested at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 weeks after anthesis). The results showed that flavonoid contents in white turi flower ranged from 12.58-211.35 mg.100 g-1, whereas flavonoid contents in red flower ranged from 17.32- 30.05 mg.100 g-1. The highest flavonoid content is produced at 4-day-old flowers for white turi, and 4-5 day-old flowers for red flowers. The dietary fiber content in turi flower was higher in red than white flower ranged from 2.11-2.85% and 1.82-2.55%, respectively. The amount of dietary fiber in the fruits/pods was low, range from 0.013-0.686% and 0.009-0.722% in white and red turi, respectively. The flowers of turi should be consumed at 4-5 day-old flowers, while fruits/pods at 1-3 weeks after anthesis.Keywords: anthesis, functional vegetable, harvest time, Madura islandABSTRAKProduksi tanaman sayuran di Pulau Madura sangat terbatas karena kondisi tanah yang kering. Pohon turi (Sesbania grandiflora) yang ditanam sebagai pembatas tegalan dan sawah di Madura berpotensi untuk dioptimalkan sebagai sumber bahan sayuran. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kandungan serat dan flavonoid pada bunga dan buah/polong turi warna merah dan putih yang dipetik pada umur yang berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Bangkalan pada bulan Desember 2016 sampai Maret 2017. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua faktor dan diulang 3 kali. Faktor pertama adalah jenis bunga (turi bunga merah dan bunga putih), sedangkan faktor kedua adalah umur panen (bunga turi dipanen pada umur 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dan 6 hari; sedangkan buah (polong) dipanen pada umur 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dan 6 minggu setelah bunga mekar). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan flavonoid pada bunga turi putih berkisar antara 12.58-21.35 mg.100 g-1, sedangkan pada turi bunga merah kandungan flavonoid berkisar 17.32-30.05 mg.100 g-1. Kandungan flavonoid tertinggi dihasilkan pada bunga umur 4 hari untuk turi putih, dan bunga umur 4-5 hari untuk turi merah. Kandungan serat turi merah lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan turi putih masing-masing dengan kisaran antara 2.11-2.85% dan 1.82-2.55%. Kandungan serat pada buah/polong turi sangat rendah berkisar antara 0.013-0.686% pada turi putih dan sebesar 0.009-0.722% pada turi merah. Bunga turi sebaiknya dikonsumsi pada ","PeriodicalId":410060,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129418466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplikasi Mulsa dan Biokultur Urin Sapi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah","authors":"S. Lasmini, I. Wahyudi, Rosmini","doi":"10.29244/JHI.9.2.103-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/JHI.9.2.103-110","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTMost upland soils are poor in organic matter and have high temperature. The utilization ofmulch and organic manure with appropriate dosage are expected to enhance the physical andchemical conditions of the soil and the production of shallot. This study aimed to determine the effectof applying various types of mulch and cow urine bioculture on the growth and yield of shallot. Theresearch was conducted in March to June 2017 in Oloboju Village, Sigi Biromaru District, SigiRegency, Central Sulawesi Province. A randomized block design factorial with two factors was usedin this study. The first factor was the various types of mulch, namely: Gliricidia sepium leaves, ricestraw, and plastic mulch. The second factor was the frequency of bioculture, namely: without cowurine bioculture, two times and four times application. Thus, there are nine in the combination oftreatments and repeated three times and therefore there were 27 experimental units. The resultsshowed that interaction of rice straw mulch and four times cow urine bioculture application have avery significant effect on the growth and production of shallot. The use of 3 ton ha-1 rice straw andfour times cow urine bioculture application frequency produced 11.25 ton ha-1 shallot bulb.Keywords: chemical properties, gliricidia leaf, organic matter, rice straw, soil physicalABSTRAKLahan kering umumnya memiliki kandungan bahan organik yang rendah dengan suhu yangtinggi. Penggunaan mulsa dan pupuk organik pada lahan kering dengan dosis yang cukup diharapkandapat memperbaiki sifat fisik, sifat kimia tanah dan sifat biologi tanah serta meningkatkan hasilbawang merah. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh jenis mulsa dan frekuensi pemberianbiokultur urin sapi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulanMaret sampai Juni 2017 di Desa Oloboju, Kecamatan Sigi Biromaru, Kabupaten Sigi, ProvinsiSulawesi Tengah. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan pola faktorial yangterdiri atas dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah jenis mulsa yang terdiri atas: mulsa daun tanaman gamal(Gliricidia sepium), mulsa jerami padi dan mulsa plastik hitam perak. Faktor kedua yaitu frekuensipemberian biokultur urin sapi yang terdiri atas: tanpa biokultur, dua kali pemberian biokultur danempat kali pemberian biokultur selama satu musim tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mulsajerami padi memberikan hasil lebih baik dibandingkan dengan mulsa plastik hitam perak dan mulsadaun tanaman gamal, sedangkan frekuensi pemberian biokultur empat kali memberikan hasil lebihbaik dibandingkan frekuensi biokultur dua kali dan tanpa biokultur. Interaksi keduanya berpengaruhterhadap komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah. Penggunaan mulsa jerami padi 3ton ha-1 dan frekuensi biokultur urin sapi sebanyak empat kali menghasilkan umbi bawang merah11.25 ton ha-1.Kata kunci: bahan organik, daun tanaman gamal, jerami padi, sifat fisik tunas, sifat kimia tanah","PeriodicalId":410060,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123086319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Varietas dan Paket Pemupukan pada Fase Produktif terhadap Kualitas Melon (Cucumis melo L.) di Quartzipsamments","authors":"M. Firmansyah, W. Nugroho, Suparman ,","doi":"10.29244/JHI.9.2.93-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/JHI.9.2.93-102","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTMelon (Cucumis melo L.), one of the high-value fruits, has been started to expand by farmers but the heterogeneity in quality may constrain the development. This study aimed to improve the quality of melon in quartz-sand soil (Quartzipsamments). A field experiment based on the split-plot design was conducted on April to June 2016 in Kotawaringin Timur Regency, Central Kalimantan Province, using two factors comprising melon varieties and on-productive-stage fertilization. The varieties consist of Rio F1 (V1), Action 434 F1 (V2), Madesta F1 (V3), Dewo F1 (V4), Gracia F1 (V5), and Okasa F1 (V6). While four fertilization packages which have different dosage on each were tested, including control (P0), low (P2), medium (P3), and high (P3). The result indicated that either varieties or fertilizing significantly affected growth, yield, and the quality of melon. There was a significant interaction between varieties and fertilizing toward yield and quality. Madesta F1 is the only varieties which showed positive response along with increasing fertilizer dosage, and the highest weight (4.55 kg) occurred on the high fertilizing level (P3). While in regard to sweetness level, Rio F1 showed a positive response until medium fertilizing dosage (P2) and resulted in the highest sweetness level by 13.05 oBrix but decreased on the higher dosage (P3). The fruit weight slightly-negative correlated with total sweetness level where the increase in weight may reduce the sweetness level.Keywords: lowland, quartz sand, sweetness levelABSTRAKMelon (Cucumis melo L.) sebagai salah satu komoditas bernilai ekonomis tinggi mulai dikembangkan banyak petani, namun terkendala dengan kualitas buah yang beragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan mutu buah melon di tanah pasir kuarsa (Quartzipsamment). Percobaan lapangan dengan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Juni 2016 di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur, Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah, dengan menggunakan dua faktor, yaitu varietas dan dosis pemupukan pada fase produktif. Faktor varietas terdiri atas: Rio F1 (V1), Action 434 F1 (V2), Madesta F1 (V3), Dewo F1 (V4), Gracia F1 (V5), dan Okasa F1 (V6). Sedangkan faktor pemupukan pada fase produktif terdiri atas: kontrol (P0), rendah (P2), sedang (P3), dan tinggi (P3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor varietas maupun pemupukan berpengaruh terhadap peubah pertumbuhan, hasil, maupun kualitas. Terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara varietas dan pemupukan terhadap peubah hasil maupun kualitas buah. Madesta F1 adalah satu-satunya varietas yang menunjukkan respon positif dengan meningkatnya dosis pemupukan, dengan bobot buah tertinggi sebesar 4.55 kg dicapai pada perlakuan dosis tinggi (P3). Untuk kemanisan buah, varietas Rio F1 menunjukan respon positif dengan adanya peningkatan dosis hingga dosis sedang (P2) dengan nilai kemanisan tertinggi di antara yang lain (13.05 oBrix), namun menurun pada dosis yang lebih tinggi (P3). Bobot buah berkorelasi negat","PeriodicalId":410060,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131141481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respon Morfologi dan Fisiologi Genotipe Terung (Solanum melongena L.) terhadap Cekaman Salinitas","authors":"Sobir, Miftahudin, Susan Helmi","doi":"10.29244/JHI.9.2.131-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/JHI.9.2.131-138","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTCultivation of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) needs fertile soils to optimize the yield,however since the fertile land become limited, cultivation of eggplant needs to utilize sub optimal landssuch as salin soils. The objective of the research was to analyze morphological and physiologicalresponses of six eggplant genotypes (collection of the Center for Tropical Horticulture Studies), todetermine the tolerance of genotypes to salinity stress to be used as tolerant parents in eggplantbreeding program. The research was a factorial experiment. It was designed as randomized blockdesign with two factors, which were genotype factor (6 genotypes) and salinity factor (0, 2-4, 5-7, 8-10 mS cm-1) with 5 replications. The research was conducted in greenhouse using pot. Themorphological evaluation included shoot length, number of leaves, fruit weight, number of branches,shoot biomass, root biomass, and the physiological characters included photosynthesis rate,transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, CO2 intercelluler, leaf relative water contents, and prolineaccumulation. The results showed that salinity stress decreased all morphological as well asphysiological characters in all genotypes, except for proline accumulation that showed increase asthe salinity increase. Based on the stress susceptivility index (SSI), there was no eggplant genotypesclassified as tolerant to salinity. However, there were two eggplant genotypes, i.e., number 061 and072, classified as moderat genotypes to salinity stress.Keywords: proline, sensitive, stress susceptibility index, tolerantABSTRAKBudidaya terung (Solanum melongena L.) membutuhkan tanah yang subur untukmengoptimalkan hasil panen, namun karena lahan subur menjadi terbatas, maka dalam budidayaterung memerlukan pemanfaatan lahan suboptimal seperti tanah yang bersifat salin. Tujuan penelitianini ialah untuk menganalisis respon morfologi dan fisiologi enam genotipe terung, yang merupakanterung hasil koleksi Pusat Kajian Hortikultura Tropika, untuk menentukan toleransi genotipe terhadapcekaman salinitas yang akan digunakan sebagai tetua toleran pada program pemuliaan tanaman terung.Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan faktorial yang dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak kelompokyang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu faktor genotipe dengan 6 genotipe dan faktor perlakuan salinitas(NaCl) yang terdiri atas 4 taraf yaitu 0-1, 2-4, 5-7, 8-10 mS cm-1) dan diulang sebanyak 5 kali.Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca sebagai percobaan pot. Karakter morfologi yang diamati adalahtinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot buah, jumlah cabang, bobot basah tajuk, bobot basah akar,sedangkan karakter fisiologis adalah laju fotosintesis, laju transpirasi, konduktansi stomata, CO2interselular, kandungan air relatif daun, dan akumulasi prolin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwacekaman salinitas menurunkan semua karakter morfologi dan fisiologis pada semua genotipe, kecualiakumulasi prolin yang menunjukkan peningkatan seiring meningkatnya cekaman sal","PeriodicalId":410060,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125741410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}