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The red (un)rule of law. The issue of human rights violations in the military justice system of “People’s” Poland. The case of military district courts (1946–1955) 红色(联合国)法治。“人民的”波兰军事司法系统中侵犯人权的问题。军事地区法院案例(1946-1955)
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2021.3.7
P. Pleskot
{"title":"The red (un)rule of law. The issue of human rights violations in the military justice system of “People’s” Poland. The case of military district courts (1946–1955)","authors":"P. Pleskot","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2021.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2021.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"The network of Military District Courts, which encircled the Polish People's Republic (also known as People’s Poland) in the first post-war decade, was a fundamental tool for installing communist power and building a new “worker-peasant” system for the party and state decision-makers. Courts served primarily to crack down on political opposition and (declining) armed resistance. Despite their theoretically military nature, the Military District Courts [WSRs] sentenced mainly civilians, and the reasons for sentences lay in political and ideological calculation rather than in real, objective crimes. In this sense, the WSRs should be regarded as a clear manifestation and symbol of the lawlessness of the “people's” justice system, infringing fundamental human rights.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123094840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aspekty wychowawcze funkcjonowania uniwersytetów ludowych związanych z ruchem ludowym w Polsce w okresie międzywojennym
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2022.3.12
Ewelina Podgajna
{"title":"Aspekty wychowawcze funkcjonowania uniwersytetów ludowych związanych z ruchem ludowym w Polsce w okresie międzywojennym","authors":"Ewelina Podgajna","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2022.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2022.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"People's universities were to meet the needs of the rural population, awaken the creative forces of the rural environment as well as activate and deepen the individual and collective life of rural residents. The Ignacy Solarz People's University had close ties with the peasants' movement. It was a leading educational institution for adults, which showed enormous impact both on the inhabitants of the countryside, but also was a huge inspiration for theorists and practitioners associated with Polish folk universities. The article is an analysis of educational concepts proposed by the founders of folk universities, especially Ignacy Solarz, associated with the peasant movement in interwar Poland. It shows social and educational activities, defining the essence and basic assumptions that distinguish a folk university from other institutions of institutional education, shows aspects of the educational impact of folk universities as well as the program content and methods of educational work that were to lead to the renewal of rural culture, the development of local government and local government, and the realization of people's Poland.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115288645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Society divided: fear as the key factor of John Wayne style leaders 社会分裂:恐惧是约翰·韦恩式领导者的关键因素
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2022.3.9
Maciej Milczanowski, P. Zimbardo
{"title":"Society divided: fear as the key factor of John Wayne style leaders","authors":"Maciej Milczanowski, P. Zimbardo","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2022.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2022.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"Fear is one of the strongest motivators. It induces and seals the borderlines between nations, society groups, races, religions, but also family members, students, kids in the neighborhood. We can differ in many things, even strongly conflicting yet with no violence, but when fear appears, especially enforced by lack of responsibility conviction, conflicts turn, step by step into spiral we call “Lucifer Effect”. Politicians who pursue more control in all spheres of life, claim they need this control to protect “us” from “them”. Such extraordinary controlling measures must be taken because all who disagree with “us” are the enemy – “them”, who threat our safety. Such leaders “play” the role of symbolic John Wayne, inducting fear, which make people insecure and looking for strong – uncompromising leader, who will defend “us” from “them”.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116591105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wpływ charakteru muzyki instrumentalnej w reklamie audiowizualnej na postrzeganie cech promowanych aktorów politycznych
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2021.3.4
Łukasz Kubisz-Muła
{"title":"Wpływ charakteru muzyki instrumentalnej w reklamie audiowizualnej na postrzeganie cech promowanych aktorów politycznych","authors":"Łukasz Kubisz-Muła","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2021.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2021.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of a laboratory study whose aim was to describe how the character of background music of audio-visual political advertising shapes the watchers’ perception of the qualities of politicians. Three groups of participants watched the same Polish political spots accompanied with different music: a) majestic; b) sentimental with patriotic connotations; c) sentimental without patriotic connotations; d) energetic. The conducted analysis has shown that the character of the background music can affect the viewers’ opinions about some of the features of the politicians in question.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116733881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prawo do rozwoju a prawo do życia w środowisku wolnym od zanieczyszczeń – analiza problemu i kilka propozycji redukcji konfliktu
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2019.3.2
Monika Mazur-Bubak
{"title":"Prawo do rozwoju a prawo do życia w środowisku wolnym od zanieczyszczeń – analiza problemu i kilka propozycji redukcji konfliktu","authors":"Monika Mazur-Bubak","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2019.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2019.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121368961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Technologiczna transformacja społeczna w aspekcie edukacji akademickiej
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2021.4.11
Krystian Tuczyński
{"title":"Technologiczna transformacja społeczna w aspekcie edukacji akademickiej","authors":"Krystian Tuczyński","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2021.4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2021.4.11","url":null,"abstract":"The content of the study is mainly focused on determining the changes taking place in society under the influence of technological development. The first part of the article provides an overview of the different types of societies and the characteristics of each of them. The next part of the study presents the role of education in the changing social situation. The last part indicates the direction of changes in the context of using information and communication technologies in higher education teaching.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131139195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The party's influence on the resolution of the public administration orders in administrative proceedings 论行政诉讼中当事人对公共行政命令裁决的影响
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2022.4.25
Paulina Ura
{"title":"The party's influence on the resolution of the public administration orders in administrative proceedings","authors":"Paulina Ura","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2022.4.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2022.4.25","url":null,"abstract":"Mediation is one of the most popular dispute resolution methods. It is used in all areas of law, while it did not appear in administrative proceedings until 2017. The purpose of this study is to present the issues related to mediation in administrative proceedings, taking into account the influence of the party in shaping the decision of the public administration body. Mediation serves to implement the principle of amicable settlement of cases, thanks to which a party in administrative proceedings may directly influence a public administration body.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131438569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Institution of the plenipotentiary ombudsman for human rights in Tajikistan in the normative and practical dimension 在规范和实践方面设立塔吉克斯坦人权事务全权监察专员
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2022.4.22
J. Szukalski
{"title":"Institution of the plenipotentiary ombudsman for human rights in Tajikistan in the normative and practical dimension","authors":"J. Szukalski","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2022.4.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2022.4.22","url":null,"abstract":"The office of the Plenipotentiary Ombudsman for Human Rights was established in Tajikistan on the basis of a relevant bill adopted on March 20, 2008. Statutory regulations normalize every important issue concerning the organization and modes of operation of the ombudsman. Fundamentally they generally meet the standards of analogous acts in force in democratic states. In the normative dimension, one can only object to the method of selecting the Ombudsman, dependent on the President of Tajikistan, which, in turn, questions his independence from the presidential center of power. On the other hand, in the practical dimension, within the reality of the authoritarian system functioning in Tajikistan, the Ombudsman's institution is a façade and is not able to fulfill the functions for which it was appointed. This is evidenced by the Ombudsman's reports, clearly lacking cases relating to first-generation human rights.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132802084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stare i nowe wyzwania wobec kooperatyzmu
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2022.4.4
Katarzyna M. Cwynar
{"title":"Stare i nowe wyzwania wobec kooperatyzmu","authors":"Katarzyna M. Cwynar","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2022.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2022.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"The article concerns the legitimacy of cooperatism in the perspective of civilization changes. The author points to the hitherto tasks posed to cooperatism in the economic, socio-cultural and political spheres. Emphasising their topicality, she also sees the need to include nature conservation activities in the activities of cooperatives. The confrontation of the ideological assumptions underpinning cooperative activity with the contemporary challenges of poverty, democracy formation and environmental protection forms the basis for the conclusion on the current relevance of cooperatism.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133253219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transformacja systemu pomocy społecznej w Polsce po 1989 roku – wybrane zagadnienia
Polityka i Społeczeństwo Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15584/polispol.2022.4.2
Małgorzata Bozacka
{"title":"Transformacja systemu pomocy społecznej w Polsce po 1989 roku – wybrane zagadnienia","authors":"Małgorzata Bozacka","doi":"10.15584/polispol.2022.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/polispol.2022.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Three periods can be distinguished in the history of social assistance in Poland. The first of them includes the so-called public charity, carried out mainly by the Catholic Church since the Middle Ages. The second period was shaped by the Act on Social Welfare of 1923 and constituted the legal basis of the social welfare system at that time, while the third period was related to the organization of the social welfare system under the Act on Social Welfare of 1990. This development of social assistance in Poland after 1989 took place in two dimensions: vertical – creating an undeveloped organizational structure from 1990, consisting only of social assistance centers and voivodeship social assistance teams, and from 1999 – horizontal changes were introduced, which resulted in the creation of a complex network of social welfare institutions operating at many organizational levels of state administration and local government. Among the changes in the social welfare system after 1989 indicated in this article, the issues related to the amendments to the Act on Social Assistance (1990 or 2004) are noteworthy, as well as the presentation of new tasks and professional groups (such as family assistants and foster care coordinators) included in the social welfare system – after the introduction in 2011 of the Act on supporting the family and the foster care system – Additionally, important issues stated in this article are contemporary trends in the development of social welfare in Poland and indication of the perspective of new challenges or possible changes within the social welfare system.","PeriodicalId":403819,"journal":{"name":"Polityka i Społeczeństwo","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133680233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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