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Phylogeny of sand termites 沙白蚁的系统发育
Biodiversity & Ecology Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.7809/b-e.00364
Felicitas Gunter, J. Henschel, M. Picker, J. Oldeland, N. Jürgens
{"title":"Phylogeny of sand termites","authors":"Felicitas Gunter, J. Henschel, M. Picker, J. Oldeland, N. Jürgens","doi":"10.7809/b-e.00364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7809/b-e.00364","url":null,"abstract":"The sand termite Psammotermes allocerus is widely distributed in in southern Africa. To investigate the genetic diversity of this species 113 samples were collected in the arid regions of South Africa, Namibia and Angola in fairy circles and also in landscapes without fairy circles. The mitochondrial markers COI and COII were selected to perform Bayesian Inference analysis. The phylogenetic tree is composed of eight well-supported genetic groups within the species complex. In a synopsis with also studied morphological features the eight groups Northern Namib, Western Kalahari Basin, Nama, Southwestern Kalahari, East Gariep, Southern Namib, Tsau IIKhaeb and Succulent Karoo should be considered as distinct species. The species name P. allocerus should be used for termite collections of the Succulent Karoo due to their basal position in the phylogeny.","PeriodicalId":402880,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity & Ecology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125258086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Climatic diversity of fairy circle landscapes 仙圈景观的气候多样性
Biodiversity & Ecology Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.7809/b-e.00366
J. Norbert, J. Oldeland
{"title":"Climatic diversity of fairy circle landscapes","authors":"J. Norbert, J. Oldeland","doi":"10.7809/b-e.00366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7809/b-e.00366","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":402880,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity & Ecology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114094998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Soil properties of fairy circle landscapes 仙女圈景观的土壤特性
Biodiversity & Ecology Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.7809/b-e.00367
A. Groengroeft, N. Jürgens
{"title":"Soil properties of fairy circle landscapes","authors":"A. Groengroeft, N. Jürgens","doi":"10.7809/b-e.00367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7809/b-e.00367","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":402880,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity & Ecology","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115891103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Heuweltjies” – the “Little Hills” of western South Africa “Heuweltjies”——南非西部的“小山”
Biodiversity & Ecology Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.7809/b-e.00372
J. McAuliffe
{"title":"“Heuweltjies” – the “Little Hills” of western South Africa","authors":"J. McAuliffe","doi":"10.7809/b-e.00372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7809/b-e.00372","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":402880,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity & Ecology","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116754866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Macrotermes natalensis termite colonies in seasonally flooded savannas 季节性洪水淹没的热带稀树草原上的白蚁群落
Biodiversity & Ecology Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.7809/b-e.00373
N. Jürgens, Priscilla Sichone, R. Revermann, Felicitas Gunter, J. Oldeland
{"title":"Macrotermes natalensis termite colonies in seasonally flooded savannas","authors":"N. Jürgens, Priscilla Sichone, R. Revermann, Felicitas Gunter, J. Oldeland","doi":"10.7809/b-e.00373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7809/b-e.00373","url":null,"abstract":"In seasonally inundated landscapes of southern central Africa very large termite mounds of Macrotermes natalensis offer a refuge for flood-intolerant trees during the flood season. In the matrix landscape surrounding these islands the seasonally waterlogged and then anaerobic soil conditions and the browsing by megaherbivores during the dry season allow for grass and herbaceous vegetation only. During the rainy season each termitarium forms an isolated island which due to its relative dryness allows survival of the trees and the associated fauna. During the dry season the termites try to establish new colonies with new mounds. However, the successful formation of new termitaria islands seems to be a rare event. In this case study from Dundumwezi in the Kafue National Park, Zambia, we provide a description of the termitaria islands and their vegetation. Furthermore, we analyse spatial patterns of termite mound islands in the surroundings of Kafue National Park und Bangweulu Plains / Kasanka National Park based on remote sensing imagery. Our results confirm that competition among colonies of large termitaria in homogeneous habitats causes very regular spatial patterns.","PeriodicalId":402880,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity & Ecology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124910155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evidence for Psammotermes allocerus termite nests as refugium for plant pathogenic microbes: a contribution to generation and maintenance of fairy circles in the Namib Desert 白蚁巢作为植物病原微生物避难所的证据:对纳米布沙漠仙女圈的产生和维持的贡献
Biodiversity & Ecology Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.7809/b-e.00370
Andrey M. Yurkov, J. Pascual, J. Sikorski, Alicia M Geppert, Felicitas Gunter, Katharina J. Huber, N. Jürgens, J. Overmann
{"title":"Evidence for Psammotermes allocerus termite nests as refugium for plant pathogenic microbes: a contribution to generation and maintenance of fairy circles in the Namib Desert","authors":"Andrey M. Yurkov, J. Pascual, J. Sikorski, Alicia M Geppert, Felicitas Gunter, Katharina J. Huber, N. Jürgens, J. Overmann","doi":"10.7809/b-e.00370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7809/b-e.00370","url":null,"abstract":"Fairy circles are circular, barren structures in dry grasslands and the mechanisms generating and maintaining them are currently under intense discussion. Here, we analysed bacterial and fungal communities in Namib Desert fairy circle soils, in the tapetum lining of termite nests, the gut of the prevailing sand termite Psammotermes allocerus, and also in the neighbouring grass plants. The total and active microbial communities were analysed through amplicon sequencing of both DNA and RNA extracts, respectively, species-specific PCRs, and through cultivation of bacteria and fungi from the various samples. In the sandy soils, the active bacterial communities were substantially different from the total communities, which suggested the fairy circle soils to be highly selective environments in comparison to other drylands or even temperate soils. This appears to be even more true for fungi as amplification of fungal genes from RNA extracts was not possible. However, we observed a large diversity among cultured fungal species in comparison to cultured bacterial species, specifically in tapetum samples. Our results support the hypothesis that Psammotermes allocerus acts as a vector for plant pathogenic fungi and that their nests below the bare patches of fairy circles provide a refugium for the fungal plant pathogens.","PeriodicalId":402880,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity & Ecology","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134353537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Bare areas caused by Hodotermes mossambicus in the northern Namib Desert 纳米布沙漠北部由Hodotermes mossambicus造成的光秃秃的地区
Biodiversity & Ecology Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.7809/b-e.00371
N. Jürgens, Felicitas Gunter
{"title":"Bare areas caused by Hodotermes mossambicus in the northern Namib Desert","authors":"N. Jürgens, Felicitas Gunter","doi":"10.7809/b-e.00371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7809/b-e.00371","url":null,"abstract":"The harvester termite Hodotermes mossambicus is not regarded as causing fairy circles. On the other hand, the harvester termites forage huge amounts of grass biomass in the Namib Desert and beyond. This article describes quite different patterns caused by Hodotermes mossambicus in the Namib Desert. In addition to the well-known homogeneous foraging pattern this article newly describes hexagonal patterns and rare circular patterns from the Kunene region in northwestern Namibia.","PeriodicalId":402880,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity & Ecology","volume":"207 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115634380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of termites as ecosystem engineers in southern African drylands: overlooked, underestimated, misinterpreted 白蚁作为非洲南部旱地生态系统工程师的角色:被忽视、被低估、被误解
Biodiversity & Ecology Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.7809/b-e.00362
U. Schmiedel, M. Finckh
{"title":"The role of termites as ecosystem engineers in southern African drylands: overlooked, underestimated, misinterpreted","authors":"U. Schmiedel, M. Finckh","doi":"10.7809/b-e.00362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7809/b-e.00362","url":null,"abstract":"Editorial","PeriodicalId":402880,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity & Ecology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115110540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Animals 动物
Biodiversity & Ecology Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.7809/b-e.00369
J. Henschel, N. Jürgens
{"title":"Animals","authors":"J. Henschel, N. Jürgens","doi":"10.7809/b-e.00369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7809/b-e.00369","url":null,"abstract":"This section introduces important animals that are not regarded as causing fairy circles. It is rather assumed that they take advantage of resources and structures provided by fairy circles. Some of them directly use the Sand termites as a food resource (e.g. Aardvark), others occupy various positions within food webs at fairy circles (e.g. Seothyra spiders feeding on Tetramorium ants which forage on Psammotermes). Others seem to simply make use of the soil moisture offered underneath the fairy circles bare patch (e.g. the ant Carebara kunenesis). Namibian mountain zebra often use the open areas of the bare patch for dust bathing by rolling. Ostrich may also use fairy circles for dust bathing and sometimes establish nests inside.","PeriodicalId":402880,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity & Ecology","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116719541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Soil moisture and hydrology of fairy circles 仙女圈的土壤水分和水文
Biodiversity & Ecology Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.7809/b-e.00368
A. Groengroeft, N. Jürgens
{"title":"Soil moisture and hydrology of fairy circles","authors":"A. Groengroeft, N. Jürgens","doi":"10.7809/b-e.00368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7809/b-e.00368","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":402880,"journal":{"name":"Biodiversity & Ecology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117154604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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