Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria最新文献_第10页

Calidad de Vida en Demencia Alzheimer: un nuevo desafío 阿尔茨海默氏症痴呆症患者的生活质量：一个新的挑战

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272021000400361

Gonzalo Klaassen P., Enrique Werlinger E., Loreto Contreras E., A. González B., Aldo Vera C., Sergio Juica A., Mario Fuentealba S.

引用次数: 0

Abuso sexual infantil y adolescente y su relación con trastornos alimentarios 儿童和青少年性虐待及其与饮食失调的关系

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272021000400308

Rosa Behar, F. D. L. Barra

{"title":"Abuso sexual infantil y adolescente y su relación con trastornos alimentarios","authors":"Rosa Behar, F. D. L. Barra","doi":"10.4067/s0717-92272021000400308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-92272021000400308","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A history of childhood sexual abuse (SA) or adolescence in eating disorders (ED) is documented in clinical experience and in the literature. However, the complex relationships between both conditions have not been systematized. Objective: To describe the clinical and neurobiological relationship between SA and ED. Method: The specialized literature in texts and articles included in Medline/PubMed, SciELO was thoroughly analysed. Central concepts were outlined and information was written seeking didactic cohesion, including an illustrative clinical case. Results: Although SA is a nonspecific factor for the development of mental disorders, it constitutes a significant predisposing, triggering and perpetuating phenomenon for the emergence of ED, mainly bulimia nervosa. Risk, mediator, predictor, protective and resilience factors are described. Both specific conditions show analogous neurobiological and clinical correlates (core symptoms and adaptive functions). Similar dysfunctions exist in reward and emotional regulation circuits, with limited structural disturbances in prefrontal areas. Conclusions: There is strong evidence of the coexistence of SA in ED. However, it is necessary to develop research models that truly integrate genetic, hormonal, neurotransmitter, personality and sociocultural risk processes. integren realmente los procesos genéticos, hormonales, neurotransmisores, de personalidad y socioculturales de riesgo. Palabras clave: Abuso Infantil, Adolescente, Sexual, Trastornos de la Alimentación y de la Ingesta Alimentaria","PeriodicalId":39300,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49174073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Deterioro cognitivo en poblaciones urbanas y rurales de la mediana altura geográfica en Bolivia: Prevalencia y factores asociados 玻利维亚中等地理高度城市和农村人口的认知障碍:患病率和相关因素

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272021000400280

C. R. Mejía, Cecilia Fernandez-Ledezma, Eddy Cossio-Andia

{"title":"Deterioro cognitivo en poblaciones urbanas y rurales de la mediana altura geográfica en Bolivia: Prevalencia y factores asociados","authors":"C. R. Mejía, Cecilia Fernandez-Ledezma, Eddy Cossio-Andia","doi":"10.4067/s0717-92272021000400280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-92272021000400280","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cognitive impairment is an important pathology among the Aged, but few studies evaluate populations at an important geographical height. Objectives: To characterize and find the factors associated with cognitive deterioration in urban and rural populations of medium geographic height. Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional study, cognitive impairment was evaluated with the Pfeiffer Test (Cronbach's Alpha: 0.69), its results were combined versus three socio-educational variables and four comorbidities; analytical statistics were obtained. Results: Of the 400 older adults, 26.5% (106) had no cognitive impairment, 47.5% (190) had mild impairment, 25.5% (102) moderate and 0.5% (2) severe; 60% were women, the median age was 66 years (interquartile range: 63-69 years), 67% lived in rural areas. In the multivariate analysis it was found that there was more moderate / severe cognitive impairment at older age (RPa: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.08; p <0.001), among those with diabetes (RPa: 1 , 23; 95% CI: 1.17-1.29; p <0.001), arterial hypertension (RPa: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.33-1.61; p <0.001), chronic kidney disease (RPa: 2.21, 95% CI 2.01-2.43, p <0.001) and heart failure (RPa: 2.25, 95% CI 1.92-2.64, p <0.001); On the other hand, those with a university degree had less cognitive deterioration (RPa: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.22-0.65, p <0.001); adjusted for sex and place of residence. Conclusion: Important associations of cognitive deterioration were found in an older adult population residing between 2500-3900 msnm, these results are important as they are not a highly studied population; therefore, these data should be taken for diagnosis and treatment.","PeriodicalId":39300,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42727012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Análisis de alteraciones del discurso en estados mentales de alto riesgo de psicosis (EMAR): una revisión sistemática. 精神病高危心理状态下言语障碍的分析：一项系统回顾。

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272021000400343

Ignacio Olivares R., Alicia Figueroa B.

{"title":"Análisis de alteraciones del discurso en estados mentales de alto riesgo de psicosis (EMAR): una revisión sistemática.","authors":"Ignacio Olivares R., Alicia Figueroa B.","doi":"10.4067/s0717-92272021000400343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-92272021000400343","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The need for early intervention in psychosis has led to the search for useful biomarkers in its prediction, where the analysis of spoken language stands out for its easy obtaining and low economic cost. In this systematic review, we analyze the main speech disturbances in patients at ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR), evaluating their prevalence and their relationship with transition to psychosis. Methods: A search was carried out in PubMed and Embase databases for studies in English or Spanish, as well as the reference lists of the articles found. Results: Of 140 articles identified, 15 were included. The variables of the language analyzed were Linguistic Cohesion, Semantic Coherence, Syntactic Complexity, Metaphorical Production, Emotional Prosody and Formal Thought Disorder (TFP). The prevalence found ranged between 21% and 85% for disturbances included within the TFP, with no prevalence measures for the rest of the variables. The global accuracy for UHR transition to psychosis ranged from 70% to 100% across studies. Conclusion: There is a wide range of speech disorders in UHR patients, where the TFP is the most studied one. The prevalence of these alterations seems to be high, especially with regard to TFP. The analysis of those speech alterations in UHR patients appears as an excellent tool to predict transition to psychosis, particularly through interview transcription and the use of Artificial Intelligence.","PeriodicalId":39300,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45040413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Manía unipolar: un ineludible diagnóstico. Revisión de la literatura a propósito de un caso 单极狂:不可避免的诊断。关于一个案例的文献综述

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272021000400302

Felipe Vergara T., Jennifer Green M., Antonia Cooper S.

{"title":"Manía unipolar: un ineludible diagnóstico. Revisión de la literatura a propósito de un caso","authors":"Felipe Vergara T., Jennifer Green M., Antonia Cooper S.","doi":"10.4067/s0717-92272021000400302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-92272021000400302","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Unipolar mania (UM) is a disorder that behaves differently from bipolar-I disorder (BP-I), however, it is not considered an independent entity by current diagnostic manuals, but rather included within the diagnosis of BP-I. Case report: A 21-year-old man presented a 3-month-long episode characterized by exalted mood and mood-congruent psychotic symptoms. The patient denies previous depressive episodes. Treatment with lithium and aripiprazole was established, which was satisfactory, not showing recurrence after 5 years of follow-up. Literature review and discussion: Diagnostic manuals describe that to diagnose BP-I the presence of a major depressive episode is not required, which implies that patients with UM fall into the same diagnostic category as patients with BP-I. Differences between UM and BP-I have been demonstrated in epidemiological, clinical, and genetic studies, therefore, including heterogeneous patients within the same category could hinder the interpretation of studies and limit advances in the knowledge of both disorders. Conclusion: Based on the literature review, it is suggested that UM should be recognized as an independent diagnosis. Despite its low prevalence, by validating it as such, in the future we could have more and better-quality data about this diagnosis. In this way, its distinctive characteristics can be defined more concretely, and therefore improve the clinical approach of these patients.","PeriodicalId":39300,"journal":{"name":"Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46690794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

El rol del placebo frente a los antidepresivos y aportes a la relación médico-paciente 安慰剂与抗抑郁药的作用及其对医患关系的贡献

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272021000400334

Felipe León C, Daniela Silva E, José Villagrán L

引用次数: 0

Tratamiento quirúrgico de la epilepsia asociada a tumores neuroepiteliales de bajo grado. 低级别神经上皮肿瘤相关癫痫的外科治疗。

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272021000400321

Francisco Rojas Z, V. Venegas S., Cecilia Okuma P, O. Koller C., Sonia Ponce de Leon M, Carmen Olbrich G, Mauro Medeiros F

引用次数: 0

Carcinomatosis meníngea secundaria a melanoma metastásico – reporte de un caso 继发性脑膜癌继发于转移性黑色素瘤-一例报告

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272021000400375

Francisca Iglesias C, J. Castellón V, Grecia Castro C, Catalina Silva H

引用次数: 0

Estrategias no farmacológicas en personas con Demencia Avanzada: reporte de un caso. 晚期痴呆患者的非药物策略:病例报告。

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272021000400368

F. Acevedo P., Carolina Delgado Derio, G. Farías

引用次数: 0

Habilidades de la Terapia Dialéctica Conductual en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. COVID-19大流行背景下的行为辩证治疗技能。

Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.4067/s0717-92272021000400379

Joshep Revilla Z., Lesly Vargas B., Kalet Rojas M., Edson Quintana C., Franco Sotelo Q.

引用次数: 0