Infektsionnye Bolezni最新文献

{"title":"Nifuroxazide in initial therapy for acute intestinal infections in adults","authors":"A. Garbuzov, P. Chukhliaev, D. Khavkina, N. Meshkova, T. Ruzhentsova","doi":"10.20953/1729-9225-2021-3-146-152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-3-146-152","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the meta-analysis of the effectiveness of nifuroxazide in the treatment of acute intestinal infections in adults. Objective. To summarize the results of studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of nifuroxazide in acute intestinal infections in adults. Materials and methods. A search was carried out in electronic databases and among paper-based information in accordance with modern requirements for conducting meta-analysis. We selected high-quality randomized and non-randomized clinical trials, in which nifuroxazide was compared with placebo, an alternative antibiotic, or with the absence of antibacterial therapy in the treatment of acute intestinal infections in adults from 18 to 90 years of age. In most studies, the compared medications were prescribed together with other therapies: formulations for rehydration, enterosorbents, and probiotics. Results. A total of 1999 people participated in the studies selected for analysis (541 – in the main group, 1458 – in the comparison group). It was shown that nifuroxazide significantly reduced the duration of diarrhea in acute intestinal infections adults, on average, by 1,35 days. When prescribing nifuroxazide, there was no increase in intoxication, symptoms of gastrointestinal mucosa irritation (nausea, vomiting), and allergic reactions. Conclusion. The meta-analysis confirmed the effectiveness of nifuroxazide in acute intestinal infections in adults. Key words: antibacterial therapy, adults, diarrhea, intoxication, fever, nifuroxazide, acute intestinal infections","PeriodicalId":37794,"journal":{"name":"Infektsionnye Bolezni","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67725988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 as many-faced Janus. On the classification of a new coronavirus infection","authors":"A. Gorelov, A. Ploskireva, Z. Ponezheva, K. Omarova, S. V. Nikolaeva, A. R. Marzhokhova, E. Samitova, A. Muzyka, A. V. Lukyanov, A. Mishkin, N. Krivosheeva, I. Demina","doi":"10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-103-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-103-111","url":null,"abstract":"The spectrum of the clinical manifestations in patients with COVID-19 varies from asymptomatic to severe forms of the disease leading to death. The most commonly affected in patients with COVID-19 system is the respiratory system, but other organ systems can also be affected by the virus. We propose a classification of the clinical forms of COVID-19, which includes: acute respiratory infection (affecting only the upper respiratory tract); pneumonia: without ARF, with ARF; anosmia/parosmia/cacosmia; cerebral form (meningitis, meningoencephalitis); gastrointestinal form, including hepatitis; oligosymptomatic form/asymptomatic form; combined forms. Sepsis, septic (infectious-toxic) shock; DIC, thrombosis and thromboembolism are proposed to be considered as complications of the underlying disease. Present classification can help clinicians to diagnose COVID-19 at an early stage, identify atypical infection forms, and assign appropriate treatment. Key words: COVID-19, classification, clinical manifestations","PeriodicalId":37794,"journal":{"name":"Infektsionnye Bolezni","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67726679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hantavirus infection. Achievements and challenges","authors":"Maleev Vv, Moscow Russian Federation Human Wellbeing, A. K. Tokmalaev, G. Kozhevnikova, V. Golub, N. Polovinkina, T. Kharlamova, V. Konnov, I. Barysheva, K. Emerole","doi":"10.20953/1729-9225-2021-1-110-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-1-110-118","url":null,"abstract":"In the last two decades, a number of studies analyzing environmental, epidemiological, immunological, pathogenetic, and clinical aspects of hantavirus infection were published. Scientists are searching for effective treatments and are developing new methods of specific disease prevention. The classification of pathogens has been optimized and species names of hantaviruses have been changed. Hantavirus infection has been registered on almost all continents with different incidence. Considering the wide spread of hantavirus infection, it is rather not a feral herd infection, but a natural ubiquitous infection. Hantavirus infection has two clinical variants, including hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). In our opinion, the similarity of pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the development of both variants of hantavirus infection suggests the need to unite HFRS and HCPS (coded in the ICD as А98 and В33, respectively) into a single category ‘Hantavirus infection’ with clinical variants of its course. We believe that damage to the respiratory tract (regardless of the type of pathogen) should be considered as primary and pathogenetically determined condition; it can be considered as a complication only if the diagnosis was laboratory confirmed. Key words: Hantavirus, haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, HFRS, hantavirus (cardio) pulmonary syndrome, HPS, capillary leak syndrome","PeriodicalId":37794,"journal":{"name":"Infektsionnye Bolezni","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67723809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syphilis as an interdisciplinary problem: from polymorphic clinical manifestations of visceral lesions to main causes and consequences of disease progression","authors":"M. Tlish, M. Shavilova, S. Timoshenko, F. A. Psavok","doi":"10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-112-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-112-117","url":null,"abstract":"Syphilis is a significant infection that can affect not only the mucous membranes and skin, but also internal organs. Visceral changes in patients with syphilis often cause nonspecific clinical manifestations and develop without any skin symptoms, which makes this disease an interdisciplinary problem. Untimely therapy, insufficient control of cure, late diagnosis of syphilitic lesions of internal organs may result in irreversible dystrophic changes and even permanent disability. Given that these patients might seek medical assistance in any healthcare institutions, it is important that not only dermatovenerologists, but also related specialists should be well aware of syphilis. In this article, we report cases of syphilitic lesions to the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Case series focus the attention of specialists on the negative consequences of improper clinical and serological control and late treatment of syphilis, which resulted in disease progression and organic lesions. Some of the patients with syphilisrelated visceral pathology described in this article had late diagnosis of syphilis primarily due to a narrow approach to symptom evaluation. Our study aims to raise doctors' awareness about current characteristics of syphilis and possible diagnostic errors. Key words: cardiovascular syphilis, neurosyphilis, ocular syphilis, diagnostic errors","PeriodicalId":37794,"journal":{"name":"Infektsionnye Bolezni","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67726340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of the detoxification system in aggravation of pseudotuberculosis and development of complicated disease in children","authors":"O. L. Nosareva, A. P. Pomogaeva, E. A. Stepovaya, T. V. Zhavoronok, E. V. Shakhristova","doi":"10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-37-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-37-42","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To analyze possible role of changes in the level of erythrocyte glutathione S-transferase (GST), serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and serum 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT) in aggravation of pseudotuberculosis and development of complicated disease in children, as well as to identify prognostic factors to predict complicated pseudotuberculosis. Patients and methods. This prospective study included 125 children with pseudotuberculosis of different severity and disease course and 45 healthy children (control group). We measured the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), 5'-NT, GST, GGT, as well as the level of total and conjugated bilirubin. Results. We observed increased levels of ALT, 5'-NT, GST, GGT, and conjugated bilirubin in children with mild and moderate pseudotuberculosis during the acute period, as well as in patients with moderate disease during early convalescence. Children with severe pseudotuberculosis during the acute period and early convalescence demonstrated elevated activity of ALT, AST, 5'-NT, GGT, and maximum increase in the level of bilirubin along with comparable activity of GST. Conclusion. We found that an imbalance of detoxification enzymes in the acute period of pseudotuberculosis has a prognostic value for predicting severe and complicated disease later. Key words: children, pseudotuberculosis, glutathione S-transferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, 5'-nucleotidase","PeriodicalId":37794,"journal":{"name":"Infektsionnye Bolezni","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67726882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac lesions in patients with Lyme borreliosis","authors":"Yu. Pritulina, L. Chernyshova, G. G. Salomakhin, T. Ruzhentsova, V. Maleev, A. Ploskireva, M. V. Bykov","doi":"10.20953/1729-9225-2021-1-83-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-1-83-88","url":null,"abstract":"Acute infectious diseases can potentially affect the cardiovascular system. Objective. To demonstrate the need for dynamic monitoring and treatment of cardiovascular disorders in patients with tickborne borreliosis. Patients and methods. This study included 142 patients with laboratory-confirmed tick-borne borreliosis. We analyzed clinical symptoms, results of laboratory testing, and electrocardiography (ECG) findings. Results. Almost one-fifth of all patients (18%) had complaints indicating cardiovascular lesions (both in the group under 60 years of age and in the group of elderly patients). Thirteen patients (9.2%) presented with hypotension. Grade 1–2 hypertension was observed in 11 hospitalized patients (7.7%). Clinical manifestations were accompanied by various ECG abnormalities. Conclusion. We found that 13.4% of patients with confirmed borreliosis had symptoms of probable myocarditis with signs of coronary artery lesions. The disorders detected were shortly eliminated by basic therapy or additional treatment (when needed) by the time of discharge from hospital. Key words: borreliosis, Lyme borreliosis, myocarditis, ECG, extrasystole, erythema","PeriodicalId":37794,"journal":{"name":"Infektsionnye Bolezni","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67724380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in non-vaccinated people","authors":"V. Gorodin, A. Redko, N. E. Skoblikov, L. Zhukova","doi":"10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-98-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-98-102","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To assess the dynamics of seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the population of non-vaccinated people. Materials and methods. During two months of the last quarter of 2020 (before the start of mass vaccination against the coronavirus infection), we analyzed the dynamics of the level of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and level of virus-neutralizing IgG (anti-RBD/S1) in 806 unvaccinated people without clinical signs of the disease Results. Upon first examination, 16.0% of participants were found to have positive total anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, while 82.6% were negative and 1.4% had indeterminate result. During two months of the pandemic, seroprevalence increased by 23.7% (from 16.0% to 39.7%). The proportion of people with an indeterminate result remained the same (1.4%). The proportion of patients with asymptomatic COVID-19 who were initially IgG-positive but became negative in two months was 5.4%. Some individuals with positive total anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG were found to have non-reactive anti-RBD antibodies that did not ensure neutralization of coronavirus (17.8% upon first and 10.6% upon second examination). Key words: dynamics of antibody level, non-reactive anti-RBD SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, new coronavirus infection, COVID-19","PeriodicalId":37794,"journal":{"name":"Infektsionnye Bolezni","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67726758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of azoximer bromide on the severity of clinical manifestations in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection","authors":"K. Kasyanenko, O. Maltsev, K. Kozlov, K. Zhdanov, I.F. Seryi","doi":"10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-15-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-15-22","url":null,"abstract":"We are now observing a constantly growing number of patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection who have active complains for more than 12 weeks. Long-term consequences of the disease significantly impair the quality of life and lead to an overburdened healthcare system, which, in the absence of effective therapeutic strategies, has a significant impact on the quality of medical care. This article discusses the main aspects of pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of post-COVID syndrome, as well as the experience of pharmacological correction of this condition. Objective. To evaluate the effect of azoximer bromide on the resolution of post-COVID syndrome by assessing the duration and severity of the main symptoms within 10 days since treatment initiation, as well as the level of chronic fatigue. Patients and methods. This study included 90 patients (both males and females). The experimental group comprised 55 individuals who received azoximer bromide for 10 days according to the package insert. The control group included 35 individuals who received no therapy. Treatment efficacy was evaluated using special questionnaires; Student's t-test and Pearson's chi-squared test were used for statistical analysis. Results. We found that significantly fewer patients from the experimental group had joint and muscle pain and headache on day 10 of the experiment than patients in the control group. Hyposmia was also less common in the experimental group then in controls by day 10. There was a significant decrease in the severity of headache, joint and muscle pain, attention impairment, dizziness, anosmia among patients receiving azoximer bromide by day 10 compared to those receiving no therapy. Patients in the experimental group also demonstrated significantly less severe fatigue compared to controls as early as day 5 of the experiment. No adverse events were registered during the study. Conclusion. Azoximer bromide demonstrated its clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of post-COVID syndrome. Key words: SARS-CoV-2, post-COVID syndrome, fatigue, shortness of breath, smell and taste disorders","PeriodicalId":37794,"journal":{"name":"Infektsionnye Bolezni","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67726595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species-specific antigens of Streptococcus pneumoniae as an outlook for new diagnostic systems","authors":"N. G. Sidorov, A. Poddubikov","doi":"10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-73-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-4-73-78","url":null,"abstract":"Infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae have always been a significant challenge for healthcare worldwide. Existing diagnostic methods are not always able to identify capsule-free forms of pneumococci or optochin-resistant strains that also play an important role in the development of pneumococcal infections. Such limitations of diagnostic procedures necessitate the development of serotype-independent tests. This review focuses on the antigenic structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae, specific characteristics of teichoic and lipoteichoic acids, and analyzes currently available diagnostic methods. We evaluated the utility of species-specific antigens as candidates for new diagnostic systems. Key words: Streptococcus pneumoniae, teichoic acid, lipoteichoic acid, choline binding proteins, species-specific antigens","PeriodicalId":37794,"journal":{"name":"Infektsionnye Bolezni","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67727100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artemether and imatinib combination therapy against malaria infection","authors":"A. Kondrashin, E. Stepanova, L. Morozova, V. Sergiev, M. Maksimova, N. Turbabina, N. S. Malysheva, E. Solovyeva, I. V. Kurashkina, A. Dovgalev, E. Morozov","doi":"10.20953/1729-9225-2021-1-139-143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1729-9225-2021-1-139-143","url":null,"abstract":"Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the first and second line of treatment for uncomplicated malaria caused by P. falciparum, as well as for chloroquine-resistant P. vivax malaria. Despite the large number of antimalarial drugs, there is no any ideal drug, since each individual combination of drugs or monotherapy have their own limitations, ranging from their triple (activity) in relation to certain forms of the development of Plasmodium in the human body, side effects, toxicity and resistance. During the course of the study carried out, the most promising compound-candidate was selected – imatinib, which is currently used as targeted therapy for a number of oncological diseases. The objective of this work is to evaluate the efficacy of the combined use of imatinib and artemether in vivo studies on the human malarial model – the rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium berghei. Dut to the optimally selected treatment scheme, it was possible to reduce the dosage of imatinib twice – to 0,25 mg/kg, and that of artemether three times – to 33 mg/kg. The use of this scheme made it possible to considerably reduce the toxic effect of these drugs due to the potentiation of antimalarial effect. Key words: malaria, drug resistance, telomerase inhibitors, imatinib, chemotherapy of malaria","PeriodicalId":37794,"journal":{"name":"Infektsionnye Bolezni","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67724067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}