Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding最新文献

Resistance of potato cultivars and hybrid clones from the VIR collection to the northwestern population of Phytophthora infestans 马铃薯栽培品种和 VIR 系列杂交克隆对西北部疫霉菌种群的抗性

Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding Pub Date : 2024-07-21 DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-201-209

N. Zoteyeva, O. Kosareva, E. Rogozina, N. Chalaya

{"title":"Resistance of potato cultivars and hybrid clones from the VIR collection to the northwestern population of Phytophthora infestans","authors":"N. Zoteyeva, O. Kosareva, E. Rogozina, N. Chalaya","doi":"10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-201-209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-201-209","url":null,"abstract":" Background. Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary is a well-known pathogen affecting potato plants. Due to the changes in the pathogen population, the late blight disease caused by P. infestans is still difficult to manage. Economic losses are caused by the susceptibility of potato foliage or tubers to late blight, and both expressions of susceptibility are often not interconnected. Potato cultivars resistant to P. infestans are still too few to ensure reduction of harvest losses. Material and methods. In total, 682 potato cultivars and 20 hybrid clones from the VIR collection were screened in field and laboratory tests. They were assessed by conventional techniques. A score scale of 1–9 points was used both in the field and the laboratory, with 9 corresponding to disease resistance. Results. The results showed high infection pressure in the field during all four growing seasons of the experiment. The degrees of damage on the foliage varied from 1 to 8 points. The percentage of cultivars with strongly damaged foliage ranged from 55 % in 2020 to 66 % in 2023. From 17 % to 23 % of cultivars were assessed as moderately susceptible. The fact that many cultivars of various origin manifested compatibility with the local population of P. infestans during four growing seasons confirms its high and stable pathogenicity. Cultivars with high (points 7–8) or moderate (point 6) resistance were identified across the four years of testing. The part of the cultivars recognized as resistant earlier in 2017–2019 appeared to be moderately resistant or moderately susceptible in 2020–2023. Laboratory tests succeeded to identify genotypes with tuber resistance to late blight.","PeriodicalId":36512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding","volume":"100 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strawberry cultivars with Fragaria orientalis Losinsk. in their pedigrees 血统中含有 Fragaria orientalis Losinsk.

Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding Pub Date : 2024-07-21 DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-189-200

A. A. Kharchenko, V. I. Belevtsova, I. Chukhina

{"title":"Strawberry cultivars with Fragaria orientalis Losinsk. in their pedigrees","authors":"A. A. Kharchenko, V. I. Belevtsova, I. Chukhina","doi":"10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-189-200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-189-200","url":null,"abstract":" Development of productive strawberry cultivars adapted to harsh winter conditions is an urgent task for plant breeders in Russia. The M. G. Safronov Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture has used wild strawberry forms combining several useful agronomic and biological traits, primarily the resistance to extreme environmental conditions, to achieve this objective. In the efforts to preserve the diversity of crop cultivars, the N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) has developed and is implementing a program to establish nomenclatural standards for domestic cultivars of vegetatively propagated crops. The results of the implementation of this program are presented. Nomenclatural standards for the strawberry cultivars ‘Alexandra’, ‘Pokrovskaya’, ‘Sadovospasskaya’, ‘Vladyka Zosima’ and ‘Bersenevskaya’, released by the M. G. Safronov Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, have been formalized, registered in the VIR Herbarium Database, and placed for conservation in the Herbarium of Cultivated Plants of the World, Their Wild Relatives, and Weeds (WIR).","PeriodicalId":36512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding","volume":"83 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Some species of Valeriana L.: comparative description of fruit morphology Valeriana L.的一些物种：果实形态的比较描述

Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding Pub Date : 2024-07-21 DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-167-181

M. Ishmuratova, A. Ishbirdin, E. N. Suleymanova, N. I. Baryshnikova

{"title":"Some species of Valeriana L.: comparative description of fruit morphology","authors":"M. Ishmuratova, A. Ishbirdin, E. N. Suleymanova, N. I. Baryshnikova","doi":"10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-167-181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-167-181","url":null,"abstract":" A case study of 33 cenopopulations (South Urals, and Central Yakutia) and 8 herbarium specimens of Valeriana L. was used to make a comparative analysis of qualitative (fruit shape, color, and pubescence) and quantitative (fruit length, width, and length-to-width ratio) morphological characters, and 1000 fruit weight among the species Valeriana officinalis L., V. alternifolia Ledeb., V. dubia Bunge, V. wolgensis Kazak. and V. tuberosa L. Fruits of V. officinalis were found to be relatively light and small, those of V. alternifolia and V. tuberosa were relatively heavy, and those of V. wolgensis were large. Fruit indices (length-to-width ratios) of V. officinalis and V. wolgensis were higher than 2, while those of the remaining species were about 2. Dependence of fruit size characteristics on altitudes, latitudes, and weather conditions was shown. Intrapopulation variability of morphological features in fruits was, as a rule, low or very low. Fruit length variability was lower in most species than the variability of their fruit widths or fruit indices. The contribution of interspecific variability to the variation in the quantitative traits of fruits exceeded the contribution of interpopulation variability. Qualitative and quantitative fruit characters of Valeriana L. spp. can be used as additional taxonomic indicators for their differentiation. The keys are provided for identification of species according to their fruit characters.","PeriodicalId":36512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding","volume":"32 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resistance of European plum to fungal diseases in the foothill zone of Adygea 阿迪加山麓地区欧洲李对真菌病害的抗性

Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding Pub Date : 2024-07-21 DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-210-218

V. Sherstobitov, M. Kolesova

{"title":"Resistance of European plum to fungal diseases in the foothill zone of Adygea","authors":"V. Sherstobitov, M. Kolesova","doi":"10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-210-218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-210-218","url":null,"abstract":" Background. European plum (Prunus domestica L.) is a widespread stone fruit crop in Krasnodar Territory and Adygea. Development of fungal diseases, including brown rot, shot hole, red leaf spot, and rust, leads to a significant decrease in the harvest and marketable quality of P. domestica fruits. Therefore, breeding for resistance to these diseases is very important for planting highly productive European plum orchards. The objective of this study was to identify P. domestica cultivars resistant to four fungal diseases under the conditions of the foothill zone of Adygea. Materials and methods. The research material included 25 P. domestica cultivars from the collection orchard of Maikop Experiment Station of VIR. Resistance to fungal diseases was assessed in 2011–2022 using a conventional scale. Results and conclusions. Weather and climate conditions during the flowering, fruit growth and ripening periods of European plum affected the degree of damage inflicted by fungal diseases. Many years of testing resulted in identifying P. domestica cultivars with different scores of resistance to brown rot, shot hole, and rust. Ten P. domestica cultivars were characterized by group resistance to the abovementioned diseases: ‘Anna Shpet’ (k-3325), ‘Vengerka Rannyaya’ (k-3459), ‘Vengerka Italyanskaya’ (k-3444), ‘Musa Dzhaliev’ (k-26994), ‘Vengerka Vkusnaya’ (k-43323), ‘Persikovaya Michurina’ (k-30706), ‘Chernosliv Adygeyskiy’ (k-23743), ‘Chernosliv Shuntukskiy’ (k-23707), ‘Yekaterina’ (yellow) (k-3520), and ‘Vasсova’ (k-27639). They can be recommended to plum breeders for the development of P. domestica cultivars with group resistance to fungal diseases in the foothill zone of Adygea.","PeriodicalId":36512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding","volume":"97 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contribution of Dr. Vladimir A. Koshkin to the development of plant physiology at VIR 弗拉基米尔-A-科什金博士对 VIR 植物生理学发展的贡献

Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding Pub Date : 2024-07-21 DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-219-228

B. V. Rigin, I. Loskutov, I. Matvienko, Z. A. Shchedrina, R. A. Abdullaev, E. Zuev, E. Radchenko

{"title":"Contribution of Dr. Vladimir A. Koshkin to the development of plant physiology at VIR","authors":"B. V. Rigin, I. Loskutov, I. Matvienko, Z. A. Shchedrina, R. A. Abdullaev, E. Zuev, E. Radchenko","doi":"10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-219-228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-219-228","url":null,"abstract":" Vladimir Aleksandrovich Koshkin was a prominent representative of the school of plant physiologists at the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR). He introduced his ideas on the mechanisms of photosynthesis intensity as well as the distribution of photoperiod sensitivity and the rate of development among plant species diversity. He was the first to examine in detail and disclose the relationship between the carbon dioxide compensation point and leaf temperature in C3 and C4 plants. According to Dr. Koshkin, there was no change in the sign of the photoperiodic reaction in the generic evolution of Triticum L. and Aegilops L., while the spring forms of bread and durum wheat widespread in the equatorial zone demonstrated weak photoperiod sensitivity. In his work with the resource departments of VIR, Dr. Koshkin was interested in plant breeding problems in the context of developing earlier-ripening cereal cultivars with a certain reaction to the photoperiod. His joint research projects with a number of breeding centers in Russia on this problem proved effective. He participated in collecting missions in Latin American countries (Cuba, Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil) and was awarded a Timiryazev Gold Medal. Dr. Koshkin was the author of 163 scientific publications and had about 20 certificates of authorship and patents for inventions, crop cultivars and lines. Dr. Vladimir Koshkin was quick to perceive the essence of any problem and used adequate modern methods to set up and analyze high-precision experiments.","PeriodicalId":36512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding","volume":"83 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weedy plants at Ugolnye Kopi Village, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Area 楚科奇自治区 Anadyrsky 地区 Ugolnye Kopi 村的杂草植物

Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding Pub Date : 2024-07-21 DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-182-188

E. G. Nikolin

{"title":"Weedy plants at Ugolnye Kopi Village, Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Area","authors":"E. G. Nikolin","doi":"10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-182-188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-182-188","url":null,"abstract":" The village of Ugolnye Kopi (Anadyrsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Area, Russia) is located in the left-bank estuary part of the Anadyr River, on the shore of the Anadyr Firth, overlooking the Bering Sea. Despite a relatively low latitude (64°44’N), more suitable for the development of boreal vegetation, the effect of cold-sea air masses on the environments of this locality forms vegetation more typical of the Subarctic tundra subzone. Penetration of adventive plant species, human satellites, into this area is very limited. There has been no previous information about the composition of the synanthropic flora at Ugolnye Kopi Village. Some data concerning adventive plants in the vicinity of the town of Anadyr were available in the review published by N. A. Sekretareva and A. A. Korobkov from the Komarov Botanical Institute. A survey conducted in August 2021 resulted in identifying an adventive component of the flora in the vicinity of Ugolnye Kopi, consisting of 44 vascular plant species. A key role in the village’s spontaneous landscaping has been played by 18 species of apophytes that arrived and settled there from the surrounding vegetation. Seven more apophytic species came to the village from more distant places of Chukotka. The usual synanthropic component, long ago acclimatized in Chukotka, is represented by 7 species: Hordeum jubatum, Chenopodium prostratum, Descurainia sophioides, Erysimum boreale, E. cheiranthoides, Taraxacum ceratophorum, and T. officinale s.l. Invasive species alien to this area are Elytrigia repens, Puccinellia borealis, Oberna behen, Stellaria media, Boechera pendula, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Trifolium repens, Lappula anisacantha, L. heteracantha, Lepidotheca suaveolens, Senecio dubitabilis, and S. vulgaris.","PeriodicalId":36512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding","volume":"58 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shoot complexes on the apical part of the crown of generative Fraxinus excelsior L. trees 梣树树冠顶端的嫩枝复合体

Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-147-156

I. S. Antonova, M. Televinova

{"title":"Shoot complexes on the apical part of the crown of generative Fraxinus excelsior L. trees","authors":"I. S. Antonova, M. Televinova","doi":"10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-147-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-147-156","url":null,"abstract":" Background. Fraxinus excelsior L. is a common forest species in the Central Russian Upland, used to produce valuable lumber and for landscaping. Mass mortality of this species due to fungi and insects determines the relevance of its detailed research. Tree crown development features play an important role in the tree’s life in both dense communities and open spaces. Materials and methods. Shoots and large branches were collected from the apical part of the crown for ten years in Belgorod and Leningrad Provinces. The lengths of internodes and shoots, the numbers of leaves and branchings, and shoot development patterns were analyzed. An unmanned aerial vehicle was employed to examine the treetops. The complexes of large branches on the crown periphery in different age states (g1, g2, and g3) were studied both by direct measurement and using photographs. The effect of temperatures on the length and number of leaves was assessed with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results. Shoots of F. excelsior are significantly shorter at high mean temperatures in the second ten-day period of June. The number of leaves on them is significantly greater at high temperatures in the second ten-day period of May. Six-to-eight-leafed shoots make up the ascending part on the curve of the sequence of internode lengths for the most developed shoots. In ontogenetic states g1 and g2, the crown surface is represented by sections of large branches. In the g3 state, they break up into complexes of small weakly branching spherical structures. The apical branches of the umbrella-shaped crown of generative ash trees are inverted cone-shaped shoot complexes with a similar development pattern. Conclusion. The structure and development of F. excelsior branches characterizes the ecological features of the species, manifested through the absence of obvious branching orders and combined with the inverted conical shape of large branches.","PeriodicalId":36512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding","volume":"109 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adaptation features of the invasive species Berberis aquifolium Pursh and Daphne laureola/i> L. in forest communities on the Southern Coast of Crimea 克里米亚南海岸森林群落中入侵物种水生小檗（Berberis aquifolium Pursh）和月桂树（Daphne laureola/i> L.）的适应特征

Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-157-166

N. Bagrikova, Z. Bondarenko

{"title":"Adaptation features of the invasive species Berberis aquifolium Pursh and Daphne laureola/i> L. in forest communities on the Southern Coast of Crimea","authors":"N. Bagrikova, Z. Bondarenko","doi":"10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-157-166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-157-166","url":null,"abstract":" Background. Special attention is paid in many regions to invasive plant species introduced into natural plant communities. Studying the degree of naturalization of Berberis aquifolium Pursh and Daphne laureola L. on the Crimean Peninsula is important because these species are currently observed in different types of forest vegetation, including Protected Areas. Materials and methods. Forest plant communities with B. aquifolium and D. laureola served as the research target. A geobotanical survey was conducted in 2019–2021 using the Braun-Blanquet approach. The JUICE platform and the PC-ORD 5.0 algorithm were employed to perform the cluster analysis, and the PAST 3.26 software for the ordination analysis. Twelve factors were considered: soil humidity (Hd), humidity fluctuation (fH), substrate acidity (Rc), anionic composition (Tr), carbonate content (Ca), nitrogen content (Nt), granulometric (mechanical) composition of the substrate (Ae), illuminance of the community (Lc), thermal regime (Tm), aridity/humidity (Om), cryoregime (Cr), and climate continentality (Kn). Phytoindication technique was used to determine the parameters of ecological niches. Results and conclusion. The communities with B. aquifolium and D. laureola on the Southern Coast of Crimea were found to belong to the Quercetea pubescentis and Erico-Pinetea classes of vegetation. The species appeared to be most widespread in the pine-oak-hornbeam and oak-hornbeam-dogwood forest communities where they occurred mainly along riverbeds, near springs, and along gully bottoms. According to a majority of edaphoclimatic factors, their habitat conditions corresponded to the parameters of the fundamental niches for the studied species, which explains their high degree of adaptation to the natural environments on the Southern Coast of Crimea.","PeriodicalId":36512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding","volume":"117 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141819869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sweet cherry forms obtained with embryo culture techniques and their study in the Crimean steppe 利用胚胎培养技术获得的甜樱桃及其在克里米亚草原的研究

Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-128-137

L. A. Chernenkiy, L. A. Lukicheva

{"title":"Sweet cherry forms obtained with embryo culture techniques and their study in the Crimean steppe","authors":"L. A. Chernenkiy, L. A. Lukicheva","doi":"10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-128-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-128-137","url":null,"abstract":" Background. Sweet cherry plants bear fruit annually, are high-yielding, and generate good profits. Cultivars with early-ripening fruits are specially valued. Cultivation of such sweet cherries makes it possible to extend the period of fresh fruit consumption and increase the profitability of orchards. It is therefore relevant to breed new early-ripening cultivars of this fruit plant. Materials and methods. Twenty sweet cherry forms from five hybrid families obtained with in vitro embryo culture techniques at the Nikita Botanical Gardens were analyzed. The original early-ripening cultivars included in the hybridization of ‘Durona di Vignola 2’ and ‘Zemfira’ were used as a control. Flowering dates, fruit ripening dates, fruit weight and quality, resistance to negative temperatures (down to –25.6°C), and susceptibility to fungal diseases were studied from 2012 to 2021 at the Steppe Horticulture Laboratory, Nikita Botanical Gardens, using conventional methods. Results and conclusions. Late-flowering breeding forms 460, 597, 602, 612 and 843 were selected for their lowest susceptibility to the effects of late spring frosts. Forms 343, 366, 453, 459, 460, 602, 612, 653, 353, 387, 600, 653 and 843 had early and very early fruit ripening periods. Forms 320, 434, 460, 593a, 597, 600, 601, 602 and 607 were identified for their high yields. Genotypes 459, 460, 601 and 843 demonstrated resistance to Cylindrosporium hiemale Higg., and 597, 843 and 320 to Monilia cinerea Bonord. High winter hardiness and frost resistance was observed in forms 355, 434, 459, 597 and 602. Breeding forms 460, 602 and 843 were identified as promising for a set of traits (late flowering, large high-quality fruits, resistance to major diseases, and high yield). They are of interest for introduction into horticultural production and use in further breeding work to develop new competitive cultivars.","PeriodicalId":36512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding","volume":"114 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Breeding properties and cytological characteristics of interspecific hybrids between the Ussuri plum and bullace 乌苏里李和牛李种间杂交种的育种特性和细胞学特征

Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-106-115

D. S. Garapov, O. V. Mochalova

{"title":"Breeding properties and cytological characteristics of interspecific hybrids between the Ussuri plum and bullace","authors":"D. S. Garapov, O. V. Mochalova","doi":"10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-106-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-106-115","url":null,"abstract":" Background. Interspecific hybrids between the Ussuri plum (Prunus salicina subsp. ussuriensis (Koval. et Kost.) Erem.) and bullace (P. domestica subsp. insititia (Jusl.) Schneid.) were studied to discover causes of their low yields. A possibility is shown to use interspecific diploid hybrids in plum breeding for resistance to asphyxiation in snow-rich regions of Siberia. Materials and methods. The research materials included interspecific hybrids: Ayskaya (2n = 16), six Ayskaya seedlings (2n = 16, 24), and TSG No. 8 (2n = 32); Ussuri plum cv. ‘Altayskaya Yubileynaya’ (2n = 16), and bullace 18-119 (2n = 48). The research was conducted in 2004–2023 in the forest-steppe zone of the Ob river region in Altai. Conventional cytological andcultivar-testing methods were used. Results and conclusion. The yield of the Ayskaya and TSG No. 8 interspecific hybrids strongly depended on mean daily temperatures during blossoming (r = 0.77 ± 0.26 and r = 0.74 ± 0.27, respectively) when compared to the Ussuri plum. Fruit trait segregation in the Ayskaya seedlings was specific to diploid plums – variations in fruit weight (5.6–27.6 g), skin color (violet, claret, red, and yellow), and flesh color (yellow, red, and green). Most fruit traits of the seedlings were similar to those of their maternal form. The content of polyaperturate pollen in polyploids (25.0–37.9 %) was much higher than in diploids (less than 1.4 %), which means that this trait makes it possible to identify polyploids in the progenies of interspecific plum hybrids. Diploid form 12-04-309 (pollen fertility: 45.9%) was selected as a source of asphyxiation resistance for diploid plum breeding, and tetraploid form TSG No. 8 (pollen viability: 24.2 %) for hybrid blackthorn breeding.","PeriodicalId":36512,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding","volume":" 1239","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141823407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0