Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of the Resident Physician Program from Theory to Practice from the Perspective of Service Providers: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Roya Malekzadeh, Seyedeh Mohadeseh Nabavi, S. Naghibi, G. Abedi","doi":"10.34172/jqr.2023.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2023.08","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To increase the accountability of hospitals and ensure that patients receive appropriate treatment at any time of the day, resident physicians perform the necessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures during non-office hours. This study aimed to analyze the resident physician program from theory to practice. Methods: The present study was a qualitative one. The participants included 27 experts selected from university and hospital managers as well as specialist doctors. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews based on purposive and snowball sampling and the process of data collection continued until data saturation. Then, the interviews were transcribed, meaning units were determined, data were coded, the identified codes were categorized based on similarities and differences, and the themes were identified and finally analyzed and interpreted using the content analysis method. Results: In the present study, 4 main themes, 11 subthemes, and 46 components were identified using framework analysis. The themes related to the goals and outcomes of the program, the accountability of the centers, and the indicators had the same results in theory and practice, and this program improved them. However, regarding financing, monitoring, and implementing the program, as well as payments, there was a wide gap between theory and practice. Conclusion: Considering the opportunities, threats, strengths, and weaknesses of the resident physician program, the results of this study can propose a comprehensive model based on the perception of health managers and experts involved in the implementation of the program. Therefore, it is suggested to consider local conditions and patterns in prioritizing the criteria for fields of study.","PeriodicalId":347126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127595922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Care: Nurses’ Experience of Moral Judgment in Intensive Care Units","authors":"Hamideh Yazdimoghaddam, Zohreh Mohamadzadeh Tabrizi, Roghayeh Zardosht","doi":"10.34172/jqr.2023.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2023.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ethical care is concerned with aspects of work that may influence nurses’ ethical behavior. Intensive care units might expose nurses to moral judgment while caring. This qualitative study aimed to explain the nurses’ experience of moral judgment in intensive care units. Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted using the conventional content analysis method. The participants of the study included 23 nurses working in the intensive care units (ICU, CCU, NICU) of four hospitals affiliated with Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences who were selected using purposive sampling. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The questions asked in the interviews included, \"Would you please describe one working day of yours caring in the intensive care units?\" and \"While caring, did you have to hesitate to make a decision ethically? If yes, would you describe that situation?\" The Data were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. Results: Data collection and analysis led to the identification of 1 theme, 6 categories, and 23 subcategories. The identified theme was \"intensified tension and conflict following ethical patient care in the intensive care units\" and the categories were \"repeated exposure to stress in ethical patient care in the intensive care units\", \"ethical care originated from the nurses’ beliefs\", \"moral judgment in care affected by the patient’s clinical condition\", \"moral judgment as a consequence of clinical judgment\", \"ethical care based on organizational and legal conditions in the moral environment\", and \"requirements of ethical care\". Conclusion: The nurses in the intensive care units deal with ethical issues and are under a lot of stress. The results of this study can help nursing authorities pay more attention to developing ethical knowledge and ethical considerations in hospitals and provide organizational support to identify the moral tensions of nurses in intensive care units.","PeriodicalId":347126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115095113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of Professional Competencies in Ph.D. Candidates in Psychology: A Thematic Analysis Study","authors":"Sara Akbarzadeh, Amirahmad Shojaei, F. Ahmadi, M. Khademi Ashkzari","doi":"10.34172/jqr.2023.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2023.07","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Psychology is one of the important disciplines dealing with mental health. Psychology students develop a set of professional competencies during their studies. The present study sought to explore the experiences of psychology students and assess the development of their professional competencies in the workplace. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a thematic analysis approach. The data were collected through 27 in-depth semi-structured interviews with 24 Ph.D. candidates in psychology who were completing their dissertations and 2 interviews with 2 professors of psychology. The data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s six-step thematic analysis. The findings revealed the main themes, subthemes, and main categories. Lincoln and Guba’s criteria were used to increase the trustworthiness of the findings. Results: The core theme identified in this study was professional competencies developed during academic studies. Besides, the five subthemes underlying professional competencies were creating and maintaining empathy, building a mutual understanding, enhancing confidentiality, being human and seeing others as human, and getting out of absolutism. Conclusion: The findings reported in the present study suggested that professional competencies are developed in psychology students during their studies according to their professional and clinical experience. Accordingly, providing adequate experiences can contribute to developing and promoting professional competencies in students.","PeriodicalId":347126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117172320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Challenges Associated with Caring for Sick Children Based on the Experiences of Nursing Students in Pediatric Wards: A Qualitative Content Analysis","authors":"M. Nematollahi, B. Bagherian, Fatemeh Esmaelzadeh, Roghayeh Mehdipour-Rabori","doi":"10.34172/jqr.2023.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2023.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nurses working in pediatric wards face many challenges when caring for sick children of different ages due to their physical and mental needs, especially if they have not been trained professionally. Nursing students and nurses are faced with ethical challenges in pediatric wards, hence their experiences can help identify the ethical problems in the healthcare setting. Since the explanation of ethical challenges depends on the context and factors such as values, beliefs, and hospital culture, this study aimed to explain the ethical challenges associated with caring for sick children based on the experiences of nursing students. Methods: This qualitative study used conventional content analysis to investigate the experiences of undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students and nurses working in pediatric wards selected by purposive sampling. Data collection tools were interviews and field notes. Data were categorized via MAXQDA10 and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: The participants included 3 pediatric nurses and 17 nursing students. The mean age of the participants was 24.9±1.2. The findings of the study revealed the main theme i.e., ethical challenges associated with caring for sick children, was classified into two main categories including care challenges and organizational constraints. Care challenges were classified into the following subcategories: feeling worried when caring for sick children, compassionate care, emotional needs of children, inattention to family-centered care, and insufficient capability of the healthcare team. Organizational constraints were classified into facility constraints and hospital managers’ inattention to the environmental design of pediatric wards. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the ethical challenges associated with caring for sick children were related to the healthcare team and organizational management. With the provision of appropriate training for nurses, as well as proper planning and implementation of policies to standardize the pediatric wards, nurses can provide nursing care to this age group with the least amount of moral distress.","PeriodicalId":347126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132950411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explaining Professionalism and Professional Socialization Process in Nursing Students","authors":"Parvin Manglian, Esmat Nouhi","doi":"10.34172/jqr.2023.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2023.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Professional socialization is the process of accepting professional roles. Nursing students can undergo a transition from a student role to a professional nurse by gaining learning experiences and acquiring the necessary competencies of the profession. Accordingly, this study was conducted to explain the understanding of nursing students about the process of professional socialization. Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted using the conventional content analysis method. The participants included 18 students who were selected using purposive sampling. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman’s qualitative content analysis method. Results: The analysis of the data led to the identification of one main theme and three subthemes. The core theme that emerged in this study was acquiring socialization skills and the subthemes included mental images and professional expectations, social status and professional values, and professional accountability and teamwork. These themes illustrate the participants’ perception of professional socialization. Conclusion: The findings showed that from the perspective of students, mental images and professional expectations as well as professional values and teamwork cause a sense of calmness, confidence, and professional belonging in them and improve their social responsiveness.","PeriodicalId":347126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128276740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and the Challenges to the Healthcare System in Iran","authors":"Mousa Bamir, Reza Sadeghi","doi":"10.34172/jqr.2023.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2023.09","url":null,"abstract":"The sudden spread of the coronavirus in the world has affected the healthcare system of countries worldwide (1), and the policymakers did not have enough time to respond and adapt to the situation, leading to unprecedented disruption in the global healthcare system. Since the healthcare system of any country is the basic foundation to fight against COVID-19 at the national level, a key question is posed: “Is the current healthcare system qualified to respond to the pandemic?” (2). Evidence shows that, despite all advances in the past decades, the sudden outbreak of COVID-19 has made healthcare systems incapable of managing the disease, especially in the field of diagnosis and screening (3). As it is important for health and treatment systems to be ready and responsive in the face of the COVID-19 epidemic, five main factors affect the health system’s responsiveness and readiness including communitybased interventions, management interventions, social and economic factors, the readiness of hospitals and health centers, and related environmental factor (4,5). In Iran, besides all the common challenges of COVID-19, international sanctions and the traditional nature of the healthcare system have doubled the challenge of controlling COVID-19. Iran’s healthcare system must be updated based on artificial intelligence technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) to deal with the present and possible future mutations. Remote medicine and care are among the most critical components. This update leads to reducing face-to-face visits, remote service delivery, clinical decision-making, compensating for the lack of human resources, and creating patient-centered collaboration through the medical data-sharing system to prevent the spread of the virus (6,7) . Finally, it is essential to use the experiences of other countries to improve the health system. Establishing public-private partnership, empowering, training, and enhancing the skills of the medical community to adapt to digital methods and technologies, implementing the public healthcare system, paying attention to hardware and software infrastructures, and enhancing the culture of using information technology in the health system help improve the structure from traditional to digital. The final recommendation is to set up a digital healthcare system that will help the healthcare system of Iran face fewer challenges in potential upcoming outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":347126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131447038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Nursing Students’ and Faculty Members’ Perspective on Incivility in the Online Learning Environment: A Descriptive Qualitative Study","authors":"M. Moghimian, S. Farzi, A. Abbaszadeh, Amir Shahzeydi, Fatemeh Farzi, Amir Musarezaie","doi":"10.34172/jqr.2023.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2023.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Incivility is a kind of disrespect to people. Students and faculty members agree on the growing trend of incivility. Uncivil behaviors in online nursing classes are a serious global issue that can influence the learning-teaching process and threaten patient safety in the clinical setting. This study aimed to identify incivility in the online learning environment from the perspective of nursing faculty members and students. Methods: This descriptive qualitative study was conducted in 2021. A total of 20 participants were selected from among nursing students and faculty through purposive sampling. Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews and analyzed via a qualitative content analysis approach. Results: Data analysis revealed five categories including ghost students, unconditional freedom, disruptive learning behaviors, academic dishonesty, and ignoring the rules of the online learning environment. Conclusion: Incivility in the online learning environment disrupts the teaching-learning process and undermines instructor-student relationships. Given that disrespectful and threatening behaviors, even to a small degree, can significantly affect the learning environment, it is essential to recognize such behaviors. As uncivil behaviors in virtual nursing education can affect education by developing inappropriate behavioral and communication patterns in students, leading to the violation of professional ethics and patients’ rights, it is necessary to pay attention to this critical issue by conducting further studies and designing interventions to correct it.","PeriodicalId":347126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122369930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemodialysis Patients and Nurses’ Perspective: What Is a Qualified Nursing Care?","authors":"Zeinab Rohollahi, Sakineh Moghaddam Zeabadi, S. Hosseinigolafshani","doi":"10.34172/jqr.2022.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2022.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With the high prevalence of chronic diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and consequently, the increasing number of hemodialysis (HD) patients, providing high-quality care has become a health concern in many countries. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the concept of \"qualified care\" from HD patients’ and nurses’ points of view. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a content analysis approach. A total of 48 patients and nurses in the HD wards were selected through purposive and snowball sampling methods. Sampling continued until data saturation. Finally, a total of 54 interviews were conducted with the participants. The interviews were recorded with the participants’ permission and analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman approach. Results: In this study, 16.7% of the nurses were male, and their mean age was 35.4±7.47 years. Moreover, 50% of the HD patients were male, and their mean age was 53.1±8.6 years. The results of the analysis of the interviews in response to the main question were classified into four main themes including (a) physical care, (b) psychological care, (c) ethical care, and (d) extensive skills and knowledge of the nurse. Conclusion: From the patients’ and nurses’ perspective, empathy and companionship in sessions, fulfilling daily needs, social support, and high-quality dialysis are the components of the concept of care. Therefore, these concepts should be considered in the care programs for HD patients designed by the healthcare team.","PeriodicalId":347126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128108244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explaining Positive Couple Interactions after Myocardial Infarction: A Qualitative Study","authors":"M. Sarhadi, A. Navidian, Roghayeh Mehdipour-Rabori, Esmat Nouhi","doi":"10.34172/jqr.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The quality of marital relationships can impact couples’ cardiovascular health directly and indirectly. Given that communication is essential for a happy marriage and plays an important role in health, this study aimed to explain the positive interactions of couples after myocardial infarction. Methods: The current study was conducted qualitatively with the participation of seven couples (patient and his or her spouse) in teaching hospitals affiliated with Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. Purposive sampling was used to select participants. Then, unstructured in-depth interviews were conducted after obtaining informed consent. The interviews were immediately transcribed and analyzed. MAXQDA 2020 was used to categorize the data, and the method proposed by Elo and Kingas was used for data analysis. Results: The analysis of the data revealed that myocardial infarction could affect the way couples interact through two main themes including empathetic union (acceptance of each other’s true selves, mutual understanding, adjusting expectations, increase in cooperation and joint activities) and optimizing couples’ interactions (mutual care and attention, increase in intimacy, mutual reliance). Conclusion: This study indicated that positive couple interactions affected not only marital relationships but also health status, both directly and indirectly. Therefore, the findings of this study can be used to improve nursing student education and nursing care, and would help to develop educational and supportive interventions for patients and their spouses.","PeriodicalId":347126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128800758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and Strengths of Fourth-Generation Accreditation Standards from the Perspective of Nurses at Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman: A Qualitative Study","authors":"M. Khodaei Goki, Hamdollah Manzari Tavakoli, Navid Fatehi Rad, Z. Shokoh","doi":"10.34172/jqr.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Accreditation is a team effort to improve service quality. Nurses, as key members of the care team, play an important role in implementing accreditation standards. This study aimed to explain the challenges and strengths of the implementation of fourth-generation accreditation from the perspective of nurses. Methods: The present study was a qualitative one conducted using content analysis. The research population included nurses of Afzalipour hospital in Kerman, Iran. Using purposive and snowball sampling, 5 nurses, 5 head nurses, and 3 supervisors were selected for accreditation. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were transcribed, coded, categorized, and analyzed separately. Then, using content analysis, the data obtained from the interviews were reduced and given a structure and system. Data analysis was performed using MAXQDA software (version 10). Results: The most important challenges in this study were increasing nurses’ workload and working pressure and weakening nurses’ relationship with the patient. Moreover, there was no adequate infrastructure to implement accreditation. The strengths of implementing accreditation standards included increasing nurses’ awareness, improving reporting and documentation, increasing patient safety, and improving organizational processes. Conclusion: The results of this study emphasized the need to implement accreditation standards to integrate working methods and improve the quality of services and patient safety. Solving the existing challenges is a way to ensure the quality and continuous improvement of nursing services. In general, the results of this study provide useful information to policy makers and senior managers of the health system to reform the structure of hospital accreditation.","PeriodicalId":347126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences","volume":"22 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130450389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}