Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136)最新文献
{"title":"Biomechanics of dental implant-a photoelastic evaluation","authors":"A. Kishen, S. Radhakrishnan","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1997.756518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1997.756518","url":null,"abstract":"Dental biomechanics is an interdisciplinary approach wherein engineering principles are made use of in dentistry to develop better understanding of clinical problems. In the present study the photoelastic technique is utilized to compare the stress distribution pattern in the supporting bone in a tooth with supporting bone loss and a tooth stabilized using an endodontic implant. It is concluded that an endodontic implant in a tooth with supporting bone loss can induce deleterious effects in the supporting bone.","PeriodicalId":342750,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125915221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An approach to estimating performance capacity envelopes: knee extensor system example","authors":"P. J. Vasta, G. Kondraske","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1997.757052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1997.757052","url":null,"abstract":"Develops and evaluates an approach to modeling multi-dimensional (strength, joint angle and speed) performance capacity envelopes that more completely characterize specific human musculoskeletal subsystems (e.g. trunk extensor and wrist extensor). This is a logical extension to the typical 2D families of curves produced by isokinetic measures, which provide only limited utility. Isometric and newly modified isokinetic protocols were used to obtain a parametric data set for each of the 21 (male and female) volunteers, using the knee extensor as a representative subsystem for the approach. The functional form of a normalized 3D performance capacity envelope representing the general population was determined using statistical analysis of the subject data. A limited subset of each subject's data was used in combination with the general population model to derive higher-fidelity subject-specific models. The estimated knee extensor torque capacity of each model was compared to the measured torque values. The approach provided torque capacity estimates that were comparable to the test-retest accuracy.","PeriodicalId":342750,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126035827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In vitro determination of bilirubin in hemolysed whole blood using first derivative analysis","authors":"J. Zheng, P. W. Cheung","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1997.756798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1997.756798","url":null,"abstract":"A spectrophotometric method is presented in this paper to demonstrate the authors' experimental results to measure bilirubin in hemolysed whole blood. The absorption spectra were taken using a HELLMA thin (0.1 mm) cuvette. Bilirubin measurement over a concentration range of 0.5 to 10 mg/dl was obtained from the composite absorption spectra with a normal hemoglobin concentration of 15g/dl. In the authors' experiment, they were able to demonstrate that by using first order derivative analysis with window averaging, the bilirubin absorption could be separated from the major absorption component contributed by hemoglobin in hemolysed whole blood samples. Using a wavelength range from 483 to 519 nm as an averaging window, the resulting linear regressions for bilirubin estimation at hemoglobin concentrations of 10, 12.5, and 15g/dl are found to be 0.9997, 0.9998, and 0.9994, respectively.","PeriodicalId":342750,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126061996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. W. Hambrook, G. Simoneau, G. Harris, R.A. Bauchschmidt
{"title":"Biomechanical effect of walker structure changes on ambulation: implications for rehabilitation","authors":"G. W. Hambrook, G. Simoneau, G. Harris, R.A. Bauchschmidt","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1997.757064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1997.757064","url":null,"abstract":"Although walkers are commonly used to improve patient mobility and stability, very little research has been done to describe upper extremity kinetic and kinematic patterns during walking ambulation. To date, a system has not been described which would allow for the measurement of reaction forces at the handles of the walker. The studies reported in the literature are limited to measurement of the reaction forces at the legs of the walker. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of altering the walker height on the forces applied to the walker and on the corresponding upper extremity joint moments.","PeriodicalId":342750,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136)","volume":"176 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126183590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time domain based algorithm for detection of ventricular fibrillation","authors":"Lijun Tian, Willis, Tompkins","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1997.754554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1997.754554","url":null,"abstract":"The algorithm presented is based on the methods of percent of time above or below thresholds (PTABT), variability of threshold crossing intervals (TCI) and peak similarity in autocorrelation function (ACF). The algorithm offers a way to identify the ventricular fibrillation (VFib) and nonVFib rhythms with several features of electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm and achieves a high sensitivity and specificity.","PeriodicalId":342750,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123393276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EMG-based motion intention detection for control of a shoulder neuroprosthesis","authors":"R. Kirsch, Alain Au","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1997.758719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1997.758719","url":null,"abstract":"A method for predicting shoulder and motions from electromyograms (EMGs) from shoulder muscles using a time-delayed artificial neural network (TDANN) is described. The chosen network was found to be capable of characterizing the nonlinear and dynamic relationship between the EMG signals recorded from 6 shoulder muscles and the resulting shoulder and elbow motions in 5 able-bodied subjects. Preliminary work in one individual with tetraplegia due to spinal cord injury indicate that the same TDANN structure (although with a different set of muscle EMGs) will be also be sufficient to detect these motions in this population. This ability to detect shoulder and elbow motions would allow neuroprostheses based on functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) to appropriately vary stimulation patterns in a very natural manner for different tasks.","PeriodicalId":342750,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136)","volume":"211 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123393393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of artificial neural networks in the analysis of trabecular bone on digitized radiographs","authors":"M. Chinander, M. Giger, J. Martell, M. Favus","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1997.756624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1997.756624","url":null,"abstract":"Bone architecture is an important factor that determines bone strength in addition to bone mass. Yet it is only bone mass that is measured in bone mineral densitometry (BMD), which is the most common, clinically used method to assess bone strength. Texture analysis of the trabecular bone pattern on radiographs is being investigated as a potential means to characterize the bone architecture. In this study the authors examined the use of an artificial neural network to merge several texture measures to obtain a single measure related to bone strength. The texture analyses were performed on digitised radiographs of excised femoral necks. Compressive strength measurements of the specimens were used in the training of the ANN. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to measure the performance of the ANN in distinguishing between strong and weak bone. With direct exposure radiographs, the ANN achieved an area under the ROC curve (A/sub Z/) of 0.98/spl plusmn/0.05 in consistency testing and 0.83/spl plusmn/0.08 in round-robin analysis. In comparison, BMD measurements on the specimens yielded an A/sub z/ value of 0.72/spl plusmn/0.11. These results indicate that the texture analysis of trabecular bone pattern on radiographs, merged with the use of an ANN, may be a useful method to noninvasively assess bone strength.","PeriodicalId":342750,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125469829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of conductivity uncertainties on EEG source localization using a 2D finite element model","authors":"K. Awada, S. Baumann, D. Jackson","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1997.758772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1997.758772","url":null,"abstract":"The authors present a sensitivity study of electroencephalography based source localization due to errors in tissue conductivities and to errors in modeling the conductivity variation inside the brain and scalp. The study is conducted using a 2D finite element model obtained from an MRI scan of a head cross-section. The effect of uncertainty in the following tissues are studied: white matter, grey matter, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), skull, and fat. The distribution of source location errors, assuming a single-dipole source model is examined in detail for different dipole locations over the whole brain region. Results presented in this paper clearly point to the following conclusion. Unless the conductivities of the head tissues and the distribution of these tissues throughout the head are modeled accurately, the goal of achieving localization accuracy to within a few millimeters is unattainable.","PeriodicalId":342750,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126642591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neural network modeling of memory gradient in Alzheimer's disease","authors":"J. Hamilton, E. Micheli-Tzanakou","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1997.756631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1997.756631","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have documented a temporal gradient in the memory of persons with Alzheimer's disease: patients are better able to recall more distant memories. The significance of this gradient is unclear: does the disease selectively interfere with the recall of recent memories, or does it prevent the memories from being adequately recorded? To address this question, neural networks were used to simulate learning over time. Once trained with a group of patterns, the networks were damaged to simulate the lesions associated with Alzheimer's disease. By altering the number of times a network was trained with a given pattern before additional patterns were added, and by varying the number of patterns in the training set, the direction of the temporal gradient was changed. The factors that determine the direction of the gradient are in place before the network is damaged. This suggests that the gradient associated with Alzheimer's disease is not a direct result of brain lesions that are hallmarks of the disease, but instead develops from an alteration of the learning process that begins long before dementia develops.","PeriodicalId":342750,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126965186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dye-enhanced multispectral transillumination for breast cancer detection: feasibility measurements","authors":"M. Braunstein, R. Chan, R. Levine","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.1997.757721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.1997.757721","url":null,"abstract":"Near-IR transillumination for breast cancer detection is limited by poor discrimination among different breast conditions; including the presence of cancerous, benign, and fibrous tissues. Perhaps due to enhanced vascularity, there is evidence that a contrast agent, indocyanine green (ICG), accumulates at the site of malignant tumors. The 805 nm absorption edge of the compound suggests that multispectral transillumination, coupled with special-purpose data fusion processing, could enhance the discrimination of tumors. In this paper we report on the transillumination of in-vitro tissue samples in which minute (<10 /spl mu/gm) quantities of ICG have been injected. Discrimination and deblurring algorithms fusing multispectral images in the range 750-1000 nm are applied to enhance detectability of the ICG in tissue.","PeriodicalId":342750,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136)","volume":"276 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116437948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}