Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DECREASED COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS AND THE LEVEL OF PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN PATIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE, VASCULAR DEMENTIA, AND MILD COGNITIVE DISORDER","authors":"O. Chyniak, O. Dubenko, Olexander Potapov","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2021;9(3):247-255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2021;9(3):247-255","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease that leads to dementia symptoms [1, 2]. Histopathological signs of AD are amyloid plaques in the brain, mainly consisting of fibrillary forms of amyloid β-peptide-40 (Aβ-40) and amyloid β-peptide-42 (Aβ-42). Neutrophils are the main targets for IL-17 in the central nervous system (CNS) that promote inflammation and damage to CNS tissues, and may play an important role in the development of AD pathology. Interleukin 23 (IL‑23) synergizes with IL-6, IL-1 and is involved in the differentiation of Th17 cells in a pro-inflammatory context.\u0000The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between interleukin levels of IL-17, IL-23 and neurocognitive scales in patients with AD, vascular dementia (VD) and mild cognitive disorder (MCD).\u0000The study involved 89 patients, of which 59 patients had cognitive impairment (32 men and 27 women, mean age 66.8±8.4 years); among them, 29 had major neurocognitive impairment (NCD), including 15 patients with AD, 14 – with VD, 30 patients – with MCD and 30 people in the control group had no cognitive deficit.\u0000All patients were tested with comprehensive neuropsychological examination using the following tests and scales: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive (ADAScog).\u0000Serum levels of cytokines of IL-17 and IL-23 were assayed using sandwich ELISA on «Chem Well 2900» immunoanalyzer (Awareness Technology, USA). Test systems using Bender Medsystems, Australia (IL-17 and IL-23) were used in accordance with the manufactures instructions.\u0000Levels of detectable interleukins (IL-17 and IL-23) were significantly higher in patients with AD vs. patients with VD and MCD. The correlations between the two cytokines and the MMSE scales, MoCA, ADAS-cog and FAB were examined. Our results showed a significant positive correlation between the serum concentration of IL-23 and neurocognitive scales in all patients with AD. The most relevant correlations in the AD group were linked with the scales: ADAS-cog (r = 0.760; р = 0.001), namely with the sections «tasks for repeating words» (r = 0.775; p ˂ 0.001), «constructive praxis» (r = 0.651; p = 0.010), «orientation» (r = 0.684; p = 0.01), as well as «word recognition tasks» (r = 0.616; p = 0.020); and with MoCA scale (r = −0.592; p = 0.020), namely with the section «delayed recall» (r = −0.641; p = 0.010). A significant positive correlation was established between IL-23 and individual sections of the ADAS-cog scale in patients with MCD (r = 0.423; p = 0.020), namely with «word recognition tasks» (r = 0.466; p = 0.030), «understanding» (r = 0.306; p = 0.059) as well as «strike out numbers» (r = 0.301; p = 0.061). A weak positive correlation was found between the serum concentration of IL-23 and ADAS-cog scores in patients with VD (r = 0.497; p = 0.045). Moderate positive correlation was observed for IL-23 with «concentration and","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114854928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLINICAL, MORPHOLOGICAL, AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASTIC PROCESSES IN SUMY REGION","authors":"N. Tsyndrenko, A. Romaniuk, Yana R. Nikolayenko","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):342-351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2021;9(4):342-351","url":null,"abstract":"Endometrial hyperplastic processes take an important place among the gynecological diseases in women of various ages and are one of the most common reasons for admission at inpatient gynecology departments. The urgency of the pathology is due to the significant prevalence of endometrial hyperplastic processes, high incidence of malignancy, prolonged relapsing course, and decreased reproductive function, since these diseases are one of the most common causes of infertility in women of childbearing age. The statistics related to the incidence of endometrial hyperplastic processes in Ukraine is not available. An analysis of case histories and medical records showed that in 40% of cases, endometrial hyperplastic processes were asymptomatic. In 60% of cases, the clinical manifestations of endometrial hyperplastic processes were menstrual disorders, such as dysmenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, menorrhagia, and metrorrhagia. In 30% of cases, endometrial hyperplastic processes were recurrent. The most common concomitant pathologies of the pelvic organs were uterine leiomyoma and endometriosis; the most common concomitant extragenital diseases were hypertension and obesity. Our study and data analysis showed that there is an increasing trend in the incidence of endometrial hyperplastic processes in Sumy region in 2011–2020. The maximum incidence was in 2016. A correlation was found between hyperplasia incidence and age. Thus, the largest number of non-atypical and atypical endometrial hyperplasia cases was observed in women aged 45–55 years. The lowest number of non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia cases was registered in women aged 66+, while atypical hyperplasia cases – in women under 30 years of age. Glandular polyps of the endometrium were most often diagnosed at the age of 31–44; the lowest number of these was found in women over 66 years. Most glandular-fibrous endometrial polyps were observed in women aged 45–55 years, while women under 30 presented with the fewest cases. Fibrous endometrial polyps were most common in older age groups – 66+; the lowest number of such endometrial polyps was found in women under 30 years. We attributed the decreased incidence of endometrial hyperplastic processes in 2020 to the quarantine measures introduced, which, as a consequence, led to the decreased number of diagnosed cases, since they are often asymptomatic.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116445125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PARKINSON'S DISEASE — OVERVIEW OF MODERN TREATMENT METHODS","authors":"O. Chyniak, O. Dubenko, Olexander Potapov, A. Shulga, A. Kotsyuba","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2023;11(1):1-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2023;11(1):1-13","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative neurological disease with a slowly progressive course. In particular, it manifests as a movement disorder that includes rest tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Movement disorder in patients with PD mainly occurs due to the selective loss of pigmented dopaminergic neurons of the compact area of the substantia nigra, as a result of the depletion of dopamine in the striatum. The pathogenetic feature of this disease is the presence of intraneuronal aggregates and inclusions of α-synuclein. To date, there are no proven treatments for Parkinson's disease, but a number of medications exist offering benefits in terms of controlling movement disorders. Although they can significantly improve motor function, they can also lead to problematic side effects, especially as the disease progresses.\u0000Materials and methods. To analyze the main directions of modern methods of Parkinson's disease treatment and to conduct a profound review and analysis of literature research data on the modern methods of Parkinson's disease treatment over the past 10 years.\u0000The results. It has been established that modern treatment methods are based mainly on exogenous administration of drugs with dopaminergic activity and inhibitors of endogenous dopamine metabolism. Although levodopa has been used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease since its inception, numerous experimental therapeutic and neurosurgical approaches are now being investigated. These include drugs aiming at the inhibition and degradation of α-synuclein aggregation, which is considered the driving force of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. They raise expectations that a disease-modifying agent will be discovered in the short-term future. Thus, in combination with a number of regenerative and neurosurgical approaches, including stem cell and gene therapy and deep brain stimulation, significant progress will be made in the treatment of Parkinson's disease in the coming years and a number of new effective options will become available.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128409477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FATIGUE IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS","authors":"I. Delva","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2022;10(4):309-317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2022;10(4):309-317","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses and analyzes literature data on the phenomenon of fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. More than 80% patients with multiple sclerosis complain of fatigue, which significantly limits their functional capacity and negatively affects the quality of life. In general, fatigue is a complex, multidimensional phenomenon that consists of subjective (one's own feeling of fatigue) and objective (quantitative characteristics of fatigue when performing a certain activity) components. At present, the most accessible method of fatigue assessment is patient survey. In multiple sclerosis, fatigue can be primary (as a direct consequence of the disease) or secondary (as a consequence of reduced functional capabilities, sleep disorders, chronic pain, side effects of medications, etc). In general, fatigue in multiple sclerosis is a heterogeneous phenomenon based on various etiopathogenetic mechanisms. We reviewed neuroimaging markers of global and focal lesions of the white and gray matter of the brain that are associated with the presence of fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. The impact of peripheral immune-inflammatory processes on the fatigue occurrence was shown which was realized via humoral, cellular, and neuronal mechanisms. We analyzed the role of inflammatory processes in the brain and spinal cord in the form of activation of microglia with hyperproduction of cytokines, which ultimately disrupts dopamine metabolism and reduces the affinity of dopamine receptors. The excess activity of certain functional components of the nervous system in the form of higher engagement of the motor structures of the brain and spinal cord during the performance of standard motor tasks was highlighted. The role of disruption of interoceptive mechanisms (perception and monitoring of the body's internal environment via hormonal, immune, metabolic, temperature, pain, and visceromotor signals) in the occurrence of fatigue in multiple sclerosis was shown. The paper underlines modern principles of fatigue correction based on these mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133556127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern features of the epidemic process of viral infections with aerosol transmission in Sumy oblast","authors":"N. Malysh, M. V. Matsyuk, A. V. Senchenko","doi":"10.21272/EUMJ.2021;9(1):115-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/EUMJ.2021;9(1):115-123","url":null,"abstract":"Viral infections with aerosol transmission are one of the most common infectious diseases in the world. Their relevance is due to the wide distribution and socio-medical consequences.\u0000To study the dynamics of the incidence of viral infections with aerosol transmission in Sumy Oblast, to determine the level of influence of social and natural factors on the intensity of the epidemic process.\u0000Data from the sectoral statistical reporting of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Sumy Regional Laboratory Center, the Main Department of Statistics in Sumy Oblast, Sumy Regional Center of Hydrometeorology were used. Epidemiological and statistical research methods were used.\u0000It was established that in Sumy Oblast the epidemic process of aerosol viral infections was characterized by a pronounced tendency to reduced incidence of influenza (Rinc.aver.= -6.2 %) and rubella (Rinc.aver.= -22.7 %), moderate reduction tendency ‒ to mumps (Rinc.aver = -2.4 %); high intensity with no reduction in incidence ‒ for other acute respiratory diseases (Rinc.aver = 0.2 %); a sharp increase in the incidence of measles (Rinc.aver.= 23.1 %). Coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 was found in 3% of the population. The average long-term rates of measles, rubella, and mumps vaccinations with MPR-1 and MPR-2 vaccines were 70.9 % and 61.2 %, respectively. An inverse correlation was established between air humidity, population, coefficients of natural and migratory movement and measles incidence (p<0.05). The system of epidemiological surveillance of infections of viral etiology with aerosol transmission requires new approaches to the development of preventive measures.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116560092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MARTYN MATVIYOVYCH TEREHOVSKYI (1740-1796) AND IMPROVEMENT OF TEACHING IN THE HIGHER MEDICAL SCHOOL","authors":"Yuriy K. Vasyliev","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2023;11(1):74-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2023;11(1):74-82","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to summarize the main facts of M. M. Terekhovskyi’s biography based on a critical analysis of publications and, at the same time, to highlight his contribution to the improvement of teaching in higher medical school.\u0000Materials and methods. Published materials were used as historical sources. The historical method was the main research method in the article.\u0000Results. We performed an analysis of the literature about prof. Terekhovskyi. For the first time, his role in the reforms of higher medical education in the late 18th – early 19th centuries was clarified.\u0000The first critical analysis of the literature about M. M. Terekhovskyi, published over more than a century and a half, made it possible to identify erroneous statements and typos. It was found that the first publication about him appeared in 1845, that is, half a century after his death. It was a brief biographical note in the dictionary of Metropolitan Eugene. It was proved that the main and most complete life description of Professor Terekhovskyi was his biography written by Ya. A. Chistovich (1883), which was based on archival materials and supplemented with archival findings by M. K. Borodii (1984). The fundamental study of his contribution to science was represented by the work of S. L. Sobol (1948, 1963). It was shown that the charter of 1792 of the higher medical school (academy), which Professor Terehovskyi took part in, served as the basis for the staff of the St. Petersburg Medical and Surgical Academy in 1808. The charter of 1792 for the first time included Medical Police (Politia Medica), which was later transformed into Social Hygiene and Public Health, as one of the teaching subjects in the higher medical school. Then it was enshrined in the charter of 1806, which was written by the founder of this science, J. P. Frank. The study made it possible to identify gaps in the biography of M. M. Terekhovskyi. Thus, the date and month of his birth are still unknown; it is not clear who his mother was, whether he had his own family (wife, children), and whether he received a scholarship from Princess Ye. D. Golitsyna. With this regard, further archival searches are needed to confirm Professor Terekhovsky’s authorship of the handwritten essay «Opinion on the correction of medical sciences.»","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121822222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A CASE OF ORPHAN HYALINE FIBROMATOSIS SYNDROME IN UKRAINE","authors":"O. Redko, O. Smiyan, A. Loboda, Viktoriia Petrashenko, I. Shkolna, Ihor Zaitsev, Sergiy Redko, Anzhela Klochko, Tetyana Obzor, Ruban Kyrylo","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2023;11(2):127-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2023;11(2):127-135","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome is a rare, highly dramatic, autosomal recessive multisystem disorder. The basis of the disease is the abnormal diffuse deposition of hyaline material in the connective tissue and internal organs. Mutations in the CMG2 gene (also known as the ANTXR2 gene) cause the disease. CMG2 encodes a transmembrane protein involved in endothelial development. Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome involves two allelic diseases that have the same phenotype. These are infantile systemic hyalinosis and juvenile hyaline fibromatosis. Common signs of these diseases are pain, joint contractures, skin lesions (thickening of the skin with areas of hyperpigmentation, pearl-sized nodules or papules), subcutaneous nodules on the head, neck, and extremities, gingival hypertrophy, osteopenia, protein-losing enteropathy, increased susceptibility to infectious diseases. Diseases differ in the time of the first clinical signs onset, the severity of the course, and the life expectancy of patients. In the case of infantile systemic hyalinosis, the prognosis is fatal. Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome is an orphan disease that is very difficult to diagnose. There is no pathogenetic treatment for the disease today.\u0000Clinical case. We described a case of hyaline fibromatosis syndrome in a boy who was observed and treated at the Municipal Non-Profit Enterprise of Sumy Regional Council \"Regional Children's Clinical Hospital\" (Ukraine). The diagnosis was made based on medical and genetic analysis. The early manifestation of symptoms and the severe course of the disease forced us to think about infantile systemic hyalinosis in the child. Along with characteristic external phenotypic signs, severe enteropathy with protein loss and persistent infections were observed in the child. As far as we know, this is the first case of the disease diagnosed in Ukraine. \u0000This publication aims to draw medical professionals' attention to the diversity of the course of genetic diseases in children. Comprehensive care, timely and symptomatic treatment make it possible to prolong the life of patients.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123546854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"METHODS OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION WITH MANIFESTATIONS OF HYPERVENTILATION SYNDROME","authors":"I. Zarivna, V. Levchenko","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2023;11(1):21-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2023;11(1):21-31","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Some patients with stage 1 arterial hypertension often have symptoms originating from various anatomic and functional locations in the absence of organic changes associated with manifestations of psychosomatic autonomic dysfunction. Among the manifestations, patients have \"respiratory\", cardiovascular, abdominal symptoms, as well as the signs of anxiety-depressive syndrome. These signs indicate the presence of comorbid psychosomatic disorders in the patient, which can affect the course of hypertension and the nature of the treatment.\u0000Materials and methods. The screening was carried out in 125 patients with stage 1 AH. Hyperventilating syndrome was detected in 46.40% of them (n = 58) according to the Nijmegen questionnaire; these patients were included in the experimental group. At the same time, standard indicators of hemodynamics, state of anxiety as an additional marker of psychovegetative dysfunctions according to the Spielberger scale were evaluated. The control group consisted of 24 patients with stage 1 AH without signs of hyperventilating syndrome.\u0000By randomization, all patients of the experimental group were divided into 4 groups depending on the treatment: patients from 1st and 2nd group received perindopril and amlessa; 3rd and 4th group – medication in combination with systematic diaphragmatic breathing. The latter provides an anti-stressor effect, normalizes the breathing pattern, eliminates the consequences of hypocapnia and possibly reduces the effect of bradykinin on bronchial tone after taking ACE inhibitors.\u0000Results and discussion. A correlation was found (r = 0.72; p ˂ 0.05) between the severity of hyperventilating syndrome (41.63 ± 0.82) points and indicators of total peripheral vascular resistance (1476.13 ± 42.39) dyn•s•cm-5. The latter was significantly higher than the results obtained in the control group of patients – (1374.62 ± 36.11) dyn•s•cm-5 (р ˂ 0.05). At the same time, the signs of state anxiety comprised (42.96 ± 2.05) points vs. the result in the control group (22.36 ± 1.33) points (р ˂ 0.05). The evaluation of the results of the treatment after 2–3 months revealed a significant advantage of the combined effect of medications and systematic diaphragmatic breathing, which reduced hyperventilation in the 3rd and 4th groups by 12.92% and 15.37% (р ˂ 0.05); state anxiety by 16.73% and 20.31% (р ˂ 0.05), respectively, which was not significant in groups 1–2. In addition, diaphragmatic breathing increased the effect of amlessa. When treating patients with stage 1 hypertensive disease it is recommended to search for the signs of hyperventilating syndrome and prescribe combined therapy which includes diaphragmatic breathing and hypotensive medications.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130313437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON MENTAL HEALTH OF MEDICAL STUDENTS: GENDER ASPECTS","authors":"N. Inshyna, I. Chorna, L. Hrebenyk, L. Primova","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2022;10(3):283-291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2022;10(3):283-291","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting decline in social communication have negatively affected many people’s mental health, especially young people. This research aimed to investigate the mental health of Sumy State University medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study was conducted from September 2020 to May 2021.\u0000Materials and Methods. The second-year students of the Academic and Research Medical Institute of Sumy State University participated in the study – 100 female and 100 male students. The average age of the students was 18–22 years. The mental health of the medical students was examined using the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The total scores for mental health, psychosomatic symptoms, anxiety, insomnia, social dysfunction, and depression were investigated. The experimental data were analyzed using PAST statistical software v4.05. The research was conducted in compliance with the WMA Declaration of Helsinki’s “Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects” after obtaining consent from all participants.\u0000Results and Discussion. It was found that the COVID-19 pandemic caused mental health disorders in 63.5 % of medical students. There was no significant difference in the total GHQ score (> 8) between men and women. Social dysfunction occurred to be the most common mental health disorder in medical students. Somatic symptoms, anxiety, social dysfunction, and depression were observed in 37.5 %, 49 %, 64 %, and 14 % of medical students, respectively. The prevalence of social dysfunction and depression was higher in men than women.\u0000Conclusion. It was established that men experienced more significant disturbances in mental health than women during the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127945980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH ANXIETY DISORDERS AND METABOLIC SYNDROME X","authors":"O. V. Kaushanska, O. Zaliavska, O. Nika","doi":"10.21272/eumj.2021;9(3):262-267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2021;9(3):262-267","url":null,"abstract":"Objective of the research: to investigate the efficacy and safety of Afobazole in the treatment of adult patients with anxiety disorders and metabolic syndrome X.\u0000The study included 60 adult patients (18–65 years) (36 men, 24 women), whose clinical picture revealed mild and moderate forms of neurotic disorders observed in the therapeutic hospital and outpatient service. The main group (30 people) and control group (30 people) were formed on the basis of representativeness by gender and age (χ2emp <χ2krit, p ≤ 0.01). The sample consisted of patients who signed a written informed consent to participate in the study. The average age of the patients in the control group was 44.81 ± 2.17, in the main group ­– 45.13 ± 2.34 (p < 0.01); the average age of onset of mental disorders in the main group was 33.2 ± 3.1 years; in the control group it was 34.1 ± 3.4 years (p < 0.05); the average duration of psychopathological symptoms in the main group was 5.6 ± 0.6 months, in the control group – 5.8 ± 0.3 months (p < 0.05). The duration of treatment equaled 1 month of active therapy (later, the patients were transferred to maintenance therapy outside this study). Afobazole containing 0.01 g of active substance per tablet was used for treatment. The drug was prescribed 3 times a day (morning, afternoon and evening); the dose of the drug was increased: 1–1–2 (number of tablets per administration).\u0000There were changes in psychometric scaling, i.e. a significant decrease in state (by 57.2 and 42.9%; p ≤ 0.001) and trait (by 23.8 and 23.3%; p ≤ 0, 01) anxiety on the Spielberger–Khanin scale in the main and control groups at the end of treatment. In all groups of patients, we noted complete recovery (38.4%) or a significant improvement (37.9%); for most patients with mild manifestations, complete recovery was observed in 92% of cases. Among patients with moderate manifestations, a good response was recorded in 75% of cases; for the rest, moderate and minimal effects were observed, respectively. The changes in the severity as compared with baseline values were significantly positive (p < 0.05) already after 7 days of Afobazole therapy; similar changes were noted in the indicators of the overall effectiveness of therapy. No positive changes after Afobazole therapy were observed in 3.3% of cases, deterioration was registered in 3.3% of cases, while in the control group these values were 6.6% and 3.3%, respectively. The changes in somatic indicators also had positive trends in the control and main groups – SBP reduced by 11.0% and 18.0%, respectively (p ≤ 0.05); DBP – by 4.4% and 14.9% (p ≤ 0.05).\u0000The therapeutic effect of Afobazole is the reduction of viscero-vegetative manifestations of anxiety disorders, including relief of breathing, normalization of blood pressure and heart rate, reduction of muscle tension and pain, sweating and dizziness.","PeriodicalId":315243,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128956840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}