Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Laboratory Tests for the Early Detection of Adverse Drug Reaction","authors":"Hameed Manahi R Alrwayli, Bassam Ghadeer Shanwan Alanazi, Muhanna Musafiq Sameer Alanazi, Ahmed khalaf Diri Alanazi, Abdullah Ibrahim A Alenezi, Majed Jawban Nadyan Alruwili, Maher Aziz Essa Alanazi, Abdullah Taher Alturqi Alanazi, Fayez Hamed Fayyadh Alanazi, Mohammed Munahi Rasheed Alruwaili, Sultan Mheel F Alenazi","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.009","url":null,"abstract":"The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States has approved drugs for sale in the country only if they are both safe and effective, meaning that the advantages of the medication must outweigh any known hazards. But over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications also have negative effects. (FDA) reactions, sometimes referred to as side effects, are undesired side effects that may be connected to a medication. Side effects can range in severity from little issues like a runny nose to potentially fatal situations like heart attack and in some case may lead to death. Age, use of other drugs, vitamins, or diet supplement, amount of drug, and route of administration can affect on degree of side effect as in IM or IV adverse effect is faster and stronger to appear than in oral route. According to laboratory tests, many tests have been done to detect impact of drug on body. In drugs cause liver failure tests appear elevated in liver enzyme as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST). In kidney failure laboratory test indicate elevated in lipase and amylase serum.in drugs high cholesterol level such beta blocker, prednisone, and anabolic steroid in lab test detect high cholesterol level above 200mgdl. Drugs elevate blood glucose as statins, corticosteroid, and beta blocker indicated elevation of blood glucose level above the normal. Analytical methods can consider also laboratory method as have been done in labs, it help in identification and separation of drugs so identify the drug these analytical method as spectrophotometry, gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"87 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139008367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Nutritional and Nutraceutical Potential of Wild Moringa peregrina (Forssk) Fiori. of Oman","authors":"S. Nadaf, Jamal Al-Sabahi, Almandhar Al-Mamari, Fatima Al-Kindi, Abdulaziz Al-Mawali, H. Al-Ruqaishi, Ahmed Al-Ghafri, Khalid A. Albusaidi, Maryam K. AlSulaimi, Amina Al-Farsi","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.006","url":null,"abstract":"Since time immemorial medicinal tree plants have been harvested for use in traditional remedies for treating not only common ailments but also serious diseases like diabetes and cancer besides heart diseases. In advanced countries, however, plant-based medicines are purified and modified to use with increased awareness of their medicinal value. Of 65 tree species of medicinal importance reported in Oman, Moringa peregrina (Forssk) Fiori. is often found in either hilly or mountainous areas of Oman on rocky slopes amongst stones and wadi beds and is known for its medicinal use among ethnomedicine practitioners. The present investigations explore indigenous Moringa peregrina of Oman in terms of physical characteristics of seed and kernel, proximate, mineral, and fatty acid composition for plausible nutritional and nutraceutical applications. The soil and plant features, physical characteristics of mature seeds, and proximate and fatty acid composition of mature and immature seeds were recorded following standard procedures. The results indicated that indigenous wild Moringa peregrina trees were 6.8m tall occupying an area of 59.16 m2 with satisfactory chlorophyll content (57.5 at LEAF value). Mature seeds were trigonous and grayish brown and able to give 68.91% of the milky white kernel. Seeds were highest in carbohydrates (36.05%), followed by total fat (33.52%) and proteins (22.21%), and contain more than 10% each of Oleic acid, Palmitic acid, Behenic acid, Eicisenoic acid, Palmitoleic acid, and Stearic acid. Moringa peregrina has been suggested for use for human consumption with caution until after the exclusion of the detrimental effects of phytotoxins possibly present in its products.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"165 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Implementation of Quality Management Systems in Laboratory, Nursing, Radiology and Their Impact on Patient Care and Safety","authors":"Mahdi Salem Hamad AlHarshan, Ali Saleh Hussain Aldaghman, Mana Mohammed Hussian Aldaghman, Mohammad Saeed Saleh AlSuliman, Hamad Qassas Hamad Alyami, Salem Samran Al-Yami, Wafgh Salem German Al Yami, Jamilah Mubarak Saad Al Faraj, Mobaise Saleh Alyami, Mahdi Mohammad Saeed Al gohaifa","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.005","url":null,"abstract":"Quality management systems (QMS) have been increasingly implemented in healthcare settings to improve patient care and safety. This study aims to explore the implementation of QMS in laboratory, nursing, and radiology departments and their impact on patient care and safety. The implementation of QMS in the laboratory involves the establishment of quality control measures, standard operating procedures, and continuous monitoring of processes to ensure accuracy and reliability of test results. Nursing is at the forefront of patient care, and the implementation of QMS in nursing departments focuses on standardizing care processes, improving communication and collaboration among healthcare teams, and ensuring patient safety through the use of evidence-based practices. Radiology departments also benefit from the implementation of QMS, as it helps to standardize imaging protocols, ensure equipment maintenance and calibration, and improve the accuracy and timeliness of diagnostic reports. The impact of QMS implementation on patient care and safety is significant. Studies have shown that healthcare organizations with robust QMS in place have lower rates of medical errors, reduced patient complications, and improved patient outcomes. Furthermore, QMS implementation can also lead to cost savings by reducing waste, improving efficiency, and minimizing the need for rework.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"64 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Nursing Interventions in Educating Patients about the Importance of Adhering to Medication Regimens Following Laboratory and X-ray Procedures","authors":"Salem Hussen Mosfer Alsaad, Ibrahim Ali Yassin, Ali Jaber Saleh Alghobari, Ojeam Mana Saleh Al Mutared, Wael Hamad Al Jamhoor, Khaled Hassan Hadi Al Hokash, Hamad Owaydhah Saleh Alrabie, Abdulaziz Abdullah Moshabab Alyami, Hadi Mohammed Alyami","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.003","url":null,"abstract":"Nursing interventions cover a wide range of actions, including physical care, emotional support, patient education, prescription delivery, and coordination of healthcare services. They play a vital effect on patient outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions in educating patients about the importance of adhering to medication regimens. The research will focus on assessing the impact of nurse-led education on patient understanding and compliance with medication regimens. The study will utilize a mixed-methods approach. The findings will provide valuable insights into the role of nursing interventions in promoting medication adherence and improving patient outcomes. Nurse care, medication adherence, and importance of following medication regimens post-procedures will also be discussed in this review. The review concluded that, nursing interventions are essential in informing patients about the need of sticking to prescription schedules after X-ray and laboratory procedures. Nurses may help patients realize the importance of adhering to their prescribed drug regimens by giving them clear and thorough information, which will eventually enhance their health outcomes. Nurses may enable patients to actively participate in their own health and well-being management by using effective communication techniques and patient education. This emphasizes how critical nursing interventions are to encouraging drug compliance and guaranteeing the efficacy of medical procedures.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"161 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138983996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FIB-4, APRI, and NFS Scores Compared to FibroScan for the Assessment of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with NAFLD","authors":"Fatiha Bouhamou, M. Salihoun, I. Serraj, N. Kabbaj","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.004","url":null,"abstract":"Background: NAFLD is a spectrum of liver disease ranging from fatty liver to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. Due to the epidemic proportion of individuals with NAFLD worldwide, liver biopsy evaluation is impractical, and noninvasive assessment for the diagnosis of NASH and fibrosis is needed. In this study we aimed to compare FIB-4, APRI, and NFS score to FibroScan for the assessment of hepatic fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Methods: This prospective study included 103 patients with NAFLD and was conducted in the Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit of Functional Digestive Explorations at CHU Ibn SINA in RABAT MOROCCO and covers the period from 01/2016 to 04/2023. A checklist was used to record the demographic features and biological data of the patients. Then, all patients underwent FibroScan using the FibroScan compact 530 device (Echosens, France). Results: Of the 103 patients with NAFLD included in this study, with a mean age of 54.4 ± 11.4 years, 35(34%) were male and 68 (66%) were female. Based on FibroScan results, 58 patients (56.3%) were classified as F1, 13 (12.6%) as F2, 5 (4.9 %) as F3, and 27 (26.2 %) as F4. A significant correlation was found between FibroScan and FIB-4 (r = 0.365), APRI (r = 0.376), and NFS score (r = 0.356) (P < 0.001). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of APRI at the 0.64 cut-off for the differentiation of F3F4 from F2F1 were 59.4, 84.5, 63.3, 82.2 and 76.7%. FIB-4 at the 1.8 cut-off 68.8, 83.1, 64.7, 85.5, 78.6% and NFS at the 0.89 cut-off 71.9, 69, 51.1, 84.5 and 69.9% respectively. Moreover, the area under the receiver operating curve of APRI, FIB-4, and NFS for the differentiation of F3F4 from F1F2 was 0.782, 0.779, and 0.723, respectively. Conclusions: Based on these results, APRI appears to be the most appropriate substitute of FibroScan for the detection of significant fibrosis in NAFLD patients.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"270 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138983728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Health Informatics on Radiologist, Laboratory Technician, Pharmacist-Physician Collaboration, and Patient Outcomes","authors":"Ali Mohmmed Jaber Alkhtrah, Mohmmed Mohmmed Marzoq Al Motlaq, Hussain Omar Ali Alnaeli, Hameis Nassir Sarihf, Ali Mohammad Ali Alyami, Salem Nasser Sharif, Basem Nasser Shraif, Mohmmed Hamad Al Mansour, Hadi Mohmmed Al Mohmmed, Abdulaziz Salem Samran Al Farhan","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.002","url":null,"abstract":"Health informatics has revolutionized the way healthcare professionals collaborate and deliver care, with significant implications for patient outcomes. This abstract explores the impact of health informatics on the collaboration between radiologists, laboratory technicians, pharmacists, and physicians, and its influence on patient outcomes. The abstract provides an overview of the role of health informatics in facilitating communication, information sharing, and decision-making among these healthcare professionals. It also discusses the potential benefits and challenges associated with integration of health informatics in collaborative care, and highlight the importance of leveraging technology to improve patient safety, treatment efficacy, and overall healthcare quality. The review concludes that, the professions of radiologists, laboratory technicians, chemists, doctors, and patient outcomes have all been significantly impacted by health informatics. Healthcare practitioners are now able to make better decisions thanks to the increased efficiency and accuracy of diagnostic imaging and laboratory tests brought about by the integration of technology and data management systems. Electronic prescribing and medication management systems have improved collaboration between chemists and doctors, guaranteeing safe and efficient pharmaceutical use. The application of health informatics has also helped patients receive more individualized care, better communication, and access to health information. All things considered, the use of health informatics has changed the way that healthcare is delivered and may continue to enhance patient outcomes in the future.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"79 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138600276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Interdisciplinary Collaboration on Patient Care in Pharmacy, Administration, Psychology, Radiology, and Nursing","authors":"Fahd Ali Muhammad Al Abdullah, Abdulhadi Ahmed Ali Alzaqli, Nasser Rashed Ali Al Alzaqli, Musaad Omran Musaad Al Dossray, Khmais Omran Khamis AlSaad, Rahmah Mubarak Mabrook Alghobari, Ahmad Hussin Al Masham, Ali Mohammed Mohammed Al Htealh, Ahmed mane Ali Al Ageel, Sherif Rashid Saleh Al Saeeda","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i12.001","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of interdisciplinary collaboration on patient care in various fields such as pharmacy, administration, psychology, radiology, and nursing cannot be overstated. The integration of knowledge and expertise from these diverse disciplines has significantly improved the quality of care provided to patients, leading to better health outcomes and overall patient satisfaction. One of the key benefits of interdisciplinary collaboration is the ability to bring together different perspectives and approaches to problem-solving. In a healthcare setting, this can be particularly valuable as it allows for a more comprehensive understanding of a patient's needs and challenges. The value of interdisciplinary collaboration lies in its ability to leverage the unique expertise and perspectives of professionals from different fields, thereby fostering a more holistic and comprehensive approach to problem-solving. Interdisciplinary collaboration has the potential to generate fresh perspectives and comprehension across boundaries between disciplines. Multidisciplinary study that is new can cross borders of disciplines to address complex and referred to as vicious issues facing culture.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"123 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138606974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zerumbone (ZER), a Potential Anticancer for Breast Mediates Cancer Cell Death Through Targeting β-catenin Signaling Pathway in MCF-7 Cell Line","authors":"I. Arbab, Abdirahman Hussein Adan, Dalia Younis Adam Haroon, Salah Eldeen H. Abdlrazig, Mohamed A. Bakr, Ahmed Isse Mohamud, Fath Elrahman Abaid Alla Ali, Daralsalalam Essmael Mohammed, Awad Salim Ibrahim Holy","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i11.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i11.006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Zerumbone is a sesquiterpene which was found to delay progression of breast cancer through apoptosis induction via up-regulating Bax protein and down-regulating Bcl2 protein. Purpose: In this study, we aimed to investigate Zerumbone, a natural compound of medicinal herbal plant isolated from Zingiber zerumbet, for anti-cancer activity against MCF-7 cell line. Methods: Human cancer cell lines of breast MCF-7 cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA). ON target plus smart pool siRNA, the most efficient method is used for preparation of β-catenin siRNA. Cyclophilin B siRNA is considered as positive control. Zrumbone is an ethanol-soluble compound isolated from Zingiber zerumbet, extracted by the hydro-distillation (steam distillation) method. Purification of ZER was examined using HPLC. The MCF-7 cells transfected with 100 µM human β-catenin (CTNNB1) siRNA or cyclophilin B siRNA positive control. After transfection, the cells were harvested at 48hrs for mRNA analysis or 48 – 72 hrs for protein analysis. IC50 for ZER was determined using MTT assay. MCF-7 transfected with β-catenin siRNA were then treated with ZER IC50. The mRNA expression was analyzed using real-time to ensure the knock down of β-catenin. TUNNEL assay was used to confirm apoptosis and flow cytometry was applied for quantification of apoptotic cells. Western blot analysis was done to evaluate the effect of ZER and β-catenin (CTNNB1) siRNA on the expression of β-catenin and its functional impact on the proliferation and survival of MCF-7 cells. Results: ZER decreased β-catenin protein expression in breast cancer cell lines. ZER downregulated β-catenin mRNA level in breast cancer cell lines. Depletion of β-catenin by β-catenin siRNA and ZER induce cell apoptosis. Apoptosis caused by ZER was confirmed/examined using by annexin V (annexin V was used as a marker for drug action). Conclusion: Zerumbone possesses anti-breast cancer activity, which could be attributed to the reduction of β-catenin protein expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, downregulation of β-catenin mRNA level in breast cancer cell lines and through annexin V.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"145 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139206829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness, Knowledge and Attitude of Saudi Women about Mammogram in Breast Cancer Screening: Systematic Review","authors":"Haneen Ali Hussain Alhabes, Fawzyah Salem Hamad Alhabes, Ashwag Moshabab Alqhtani, Salem Mubarak Al Gahes, Zahra Abdalrhman Alshehri, Khader Abdulsalam Hawsawi, Awad Ahmed Salem Alsari, Amal Yahya Bin Saeed Alyami, Shaykhah Hanash Al Jawtar, Arwa Salem Almasabi","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i11.004","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Saudi Arabia as well as globally, breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Early diagnosis can lead to a better prognosis, and mammography screening may be an adequate way to get there. Studies on breast cancer and mammography awareness have been conducted in Saudi Arabia. Objectives: The current study set out to assess Saudi Arabian female patients' knowledge, attitudes, and awareness regarding breast cancer and mammography screening. Methods: A thorough search was carried out in October 2023, mostly using PubMed, in compliance with PRISMA criteria. The search was limited to English-language research that looked at the relationship between mammograms and breast cancer. To guarantee the quality and applicability of the evaluated research, certain inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed. Results: A wide spectrum of research from various Saudi Arabian locations was included in the study, with a major focus on female individuals. A discernible pattern indicated a high proportion of individuals with breast cancer and mammography screening. Our study concludes that Saudi women know very little about breast cancer and mmammography in general. Interventions must be put into place in order to combat this ignorance.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"70 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of Pharmaceutical Aspects of Artificial Nutrition: Simple Review","authors":"Salem Yahya Muhammad Al-Hammam, Khamsah Saed Ojem Alyami, Ghanem Saleh Alyami, Hadi Hamad Yousef Al Sulaiman, Marzoug Mubarak Gahes Al-Gahes, Hussein Aidha Saeed Al Daghman, Ali Ghannam Ali Aldawsari, Yasser Sulaiman Salman Alyami, Khaled Mohammed Ali Al Sareef, Hamad Rehan Al Gahes","doi":"10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i11.005","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial nutrition therapy is recognized as a key aspect in the management of critically sick patients, but there is still debate about the appropriate route and timing, particularly in the acute phase. It is a convenient, effective, safe, and well-tolerated method of clinical nutrition in the hospital and at home. When appropriate oral diet fails to supply the body with the required nutrients. EN is normally delivered by a nasogastric technique, whereas PN is usually administered through a central venous access, directly into the bloodstream. The injected nutrients can then be immediately absorbed by the various organs. Early mixed enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) may be an appealing alternative in certain critically sick patients to meet recommended calorie and protein targets. PN is related with potentially serious or even deadly consequences when handled and administered incorrectly. Patient observation and treatment regimen adaptation are required.","PeriodicalId":21367,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"40 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139265558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}